Transcript - Lighting Fixture Design

Rail lighting
Unravelling the standards
Dave Burton – the Tekkyrailguy
What’s all this about?
• Who’s involved
• What their role is, what are the issues
• What legislation & standards apply
• How are the standards applied, what do they mean?
Who are the stakeholders?
• Infrastructure operators
• Rail Safety and Standards Board
• Department for Transport (DfT)
• Office of Rail Regulation (ORR)
• Passenger Train Operating Companies (TOCs)
• The rail industry supply chain
Infrastructure operators
• Network Rail (over 2500 stations, nearly all leased)
• Transport for London (Underground, Overground, Croydon
Tramlink, Docklands Light Railway)
• Provincial Tram networks
• Tyne & Wear Metro
• Glasgow Subway
Rail Safety & Standards Board (RSSB)
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Custodian of EU Technical Standards for Interoperability (TSIs)
Produces Railway Group Standards (RGS, mandatory)
Produces Railway Industry Standards (RIS, voluntary)
Produces extensive guidance documentation
www.rgsonline.co.uk
Note – RSSB is a quasi-governmental organization, with representatives of all industry bodies.
Documents are reviewed by pan-industry committees as well as being subject to public
consultation
DfT, ORR and TOCs
• DfT - The paymasters for the passenger railway and Network Rail;
sets some specific requirements (as part of the rail franchise
process); issues some guidance
• ORR - Regulates the industry in terms of over-arching safety
requirements; can impose financial penalties on Network Rail and
train operators; issues guidance, which operators tend to adopt
• TOCs – Franchised passenger Train Operating Companies. Very
little investment in infrastructure, unless this is a condition of the
franchise
The Rail Industry Supply Chain
• Major contractors, of which some are “Framework” suppliers
• Design consultancies, which may be part of major contractors
• SMEs
• Equipment suppliers
• Procurement agents
• Rolling Stock Leasing Companies
What are the issues?
• Legislative requirements
• Hierarchy
• Perception of inconsistency between standards
• Myths, history, custom & practice, interpretation
Principle Legislation
• EU Procurement, Workplace and Disability Directives
• Disability Discrimination Act (and RVAR)
• Health & Safety at Work Etc. Act
• Construction Design & Management Regulations
• Building Regulations
• Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order
EU Directives
• Procurement – sets limit on value of public sector contracts which
must be competitively tendered
• Procurement – If an EN is Normative, it has to be applied in public
sector procurement works (unless justification not to)
• Workplace – Mandates Normative EN workplace standards
• Disabled access – through the Persons of Restricted Mobility (PRM)
TSI
Health & Safety and CDM
• Health & Safety at Work etc. Act and all subsidiary statutory
instruments (e.g. Electricity at Work Regulations) apply
• HSE issue guidance (HSG38) on workplace lighting – generally rail
industry standards require higher levels
• CDM is an important consideration – this places great responsibility
on designers, equipment must be maintainable safely – this
includes lighting
Building Regulations & Approved Documents
• The railway is NOT exempt from the Building Regulations, but it
can used Approve Inspectors or its own Building Control regime
• Most important parts are B (Fire Safety) and L (Conservation of
fuel & power)
• ADL2 cannot be used to demonstrate compliance for most station
areas because there is no Simplified Building Energy Model for
these
• LENI is a viable measure for transport lighting efficiency
Regulatory Reform Order (RRO)
• Separate guide for
transport premises
freely downloadable at:
www.gov.uk
• Does not have much to
say about lighting
• The important issue is to
carry out a Risk
Assessment
Rail Lighting Standards - Hierarchy
• Normative EN standards (and harmonized BS ENs)
• Technical Standards for Interoperability (TSI)
• Railway Group Standards
• Infrastructure controller (Network Rail, TfL) standards
• Railway Industry Standards
• ORR/HSE guidance and third party guidance/codes
Over-arching requirements
• The UK rail industry generally adopts established standards, (e.g.
ENs) unless there is a specific reason or need to deviate from
these
Technical Standards for Interoparability
• Enforced by EU Interoperability Directive
• Apply to Trans-European Networks (TENs)
• Several UK routes are classed as TENs
• These are output based documents with little technical
specification
• On the RSSB website, some additional information can be found
through National Technical Rules (NTRs)
Railway Group Standards for Lighting
• Can all be found in the “Infrastructure” area of the RSSB website
• GIRT7016 – Interface between station platforms, track and trains,
there is also guidance (GIGN7616) on this standard. It primarily is
concerned with ensuring sufficient light at the platform/train
interface
• GIRT7019 – Requirements for lighting in railway tunnels. This does
not mandate lighting in railway tunnels, but states the parameters
it must meet if installed
Railway Industry Standards
• Also in the “Infrastructure” area of the RSSB website
• RIS-7700-INS, Station Infrastructure. This is an over-arching
standard
• RIS-7702-INS, Lighting at Stations. This is a very useful document
which distils most of the previous standards (some dating back to
British Rail) and which cross-references all of the third party
documents
Network Rail standards
• There are no specific mandatory documents in the Network Rail
standards catalogue, they rely largely on RSSB and others (BS,
CIBSE)
• There are many copies of old standards (e.g. GM/TT0118) and
other requirements which may be specified on particular projects
• Many projects have their own requirements
• Major Stations use much higher illuminance values than the
minimum required in standards (retail)
• Network Rail does operate a product approval process
Work Site Lighting
• Network Rail
provides helpful
guidance based on
HSE HSG38
London Underground standards
• 1-066 – Lighting of LU premises (A3 is the current version)
• 1-085 – Fire performance of materials
• Can all be accessed at www.lulstandards.co.uk
• Guidance on the application of 1-066 is in G-073
London Underground standards
LU materials limitations
• Refer to Standard 1-085
• “Section 12” no longer exists (taken over by RRO) but the
principles of fire resistant materials have not changed
• Luminaires used solely at outdoor stations (the majority of LU
sites!) may use polymeric materials
• For sub-surface locations, some plastics are permitted in limited &
dispersed quantities
Other TfL rail standards
• TfL aims to align all lighting standard over a period of time
• Docklands Light Railway – About to issue ES610
• Overground, London Rail – Variety of standards, mostly Network
Rail based
• Crossrail – generally aligned with who will operate the stations
(Rail for London, Network Rail, LU)
• Croydon Tram – BS5489 along the route, 30lux at stops
Third Party Standards & Codes
• EN12464 Parts 1&2 Lighting of Indoor/Outdoor Workplaces
• E1838 Emergency Lighting
• BS5266 Emergency Lighting
• SLL (CIBSE) Code for Lighting
• DfT guidance for disabled access
EN12464-1 (Indoor Workplaces)
EN12464-2 (Outdoor Workplaces)
Guidance for Persons of Restricted Mobility
• DfT published guidance
based on TSI
• The TSI is only
enforceable for TEN
• Recommends 20lux
average, 10lux min. for
platforms
• 100lux minimum for
stairs etc. is challenging
at smaller stations
Emergency Lighting
• There is no mandate to provide this at existing stations, unless
they are sub-surface
• Where provided, it should be to at least BS5266 requirements
• For outdoor station platforms, the most pragmatic approach is to
define an escape route along the platform
• As with any other premises, the best approach is to undertake a
risk assessment, and this will meet RRO requirements
Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
• All products must be CE marked and meet the requirements of the
relevant construction standards (EN60598, EN55015)
• In terms of emissions, EN61000 and EN50121 must also be met
• The signalling part of EN50121 does not apply to luminaires – if a
4kV surge causes a luminaire to fail, that’s not a fault in the
safety system
Lifts & Escalators
• The lighting parts of EN81 and EN115 apply to rail lifts and
escalators, but the infrastructure operators may specify
illuminance values in excess of the EN requirement
Summary
• The situation is not as complex as it may first appear
• The rail industry is however deeply rooted in custom and practice
• Innovative lighting solutions are welcomed more readily than they
once were
• Much of the information needed by designers and specifiers is now
available on-line
• Over time, rail industry standards will converge
Rail lighting
Unravelling the standards
Dave Burton – the Tekkyrailguy