Transcript 101-1 Week8-The origion of the universe

邱敏華
楊夢庭
蘇于庭
黃騰緯
陳宛吟
4000Z026
4000Z030
4000Z033
4001J018
4980Z033
Main ideas of the first paragraph
• Debate has centered around how-or if
the universe began.
• There is one school of thought
considering that the universe was
created.
• philosopher-哲學家
• exist-to exist;existence;[Philosophy] being 存在
字首-ex出向外 (s)ist站立
• eternal-永久的;永恆的;無窮的
• static-靜的;穩定的
字根-stat站立 字尾-(a)ic具有...特性的,與...有關的
• unchanging-不變的
字首-un不 字根-chang(e)改變 字尾-ing...的
• belief-to believe; to trust; to be convinced of 相信; 信任,信賴
• significantly-意味深長地 值得注目地
字首-sign標記,指明 字根-i+fic做 字尾-ant有...作用的 ly以...方
式
Main ideas of the second
paragraph
• Greek philosopher Aristotle thought the
universe had existed and would exist
forever and thought it was eternal and
perfect.
• Jewish, Christian and Islamic religions
and the Greek philosopher had one
thought in common was that the
universe itself was static and unchanging.
Third paragraph-words of phrases
• evidence-evidence; proof; testimony; witness 證據; 證詞; 證人;
物證
字首-e出,外 字根-vid看 字尾-ence狀態,功能
• motionless-不動的, 靜止的
字根-mot運動 字尾-ion行為 less無,不
• unchanging-不變的
字首-un不 字根-chang(e) 字尾-ing...的
• Formulate-to establish; to set up; to institute 使公式化; 用公
式表示 制定
• thermodynamics-熱電學
• entropy-熵(熱力學函數)
• disorder-disorder; chaos; anarchy; disarray 混亂, 無秩序
字首-dis不,相反 字根-ord條理,次序 字尾-er行為,狀態
• according-相符的; 和諧的; 相應的
字首-ac向,靠近 字根-cord心 字尾-ing有...性質
Third paragraph-words of
phrases(1)
• gravity-gravity;gravitation;weight 重力;引力;地心吸力
• attract-to attract;to fascinate;to arrest; to engage 吸; 吸引
字首-at向,對 字根-tract拉,拖
• collapse-to collapse;to topple down;to fall in 倒塌
字首-col一起 字根-laps跌落 字尾-e(v)
• motionless-不動的;靜止的
字根-mot運動 字尾-ion行為 less無,不
• unavoidable-ineluctable;inescapable 不可避免的
字首-un不 字根-a使處於...狀態 void空 字尾-able 可...的
• increase-to strengthen; to reinforce; to heighten; to
enhance ;to raise; to add 增大; 增加; 增強
字首-in加強 字根-creas生長 字尾-e(v,n)
Main ideas of the third paragraph
• The German physicist formulated the
second law of thermodynamics
• The universe must be changing in some
ways for its entropy keeps increasing.
Fourth Paragraph--words and
phrases
• observe-to notice; to note; to be aware of 看到, 注意到
字首-ob在上 字根-serv守護 字尾-e(v)
• increase-to strengthen; to reinforce; to heighten; to
enhance ;to raise; to add 增大; 增加; 增強
字首-in加強 字根-crease生長 字尾-ed...的
• identify-to find 發現
• celestial-天的, 天空的
• shift-to shift; to transfer; to divert; to change 轉移; 移動
Main ideas of the Fourth
paragraph
• US astronomer, Edwin Hubble identified
the wavelengths and colors of the stars’
light changed.
• This observation led to the assumption
that the universe was expanding.
Fifth Paragraph-words and
phrases
• observation-to observe an observation 觀察; 觀測; 觀察力 觀
察(或觀測)資料(或報告)
字首-ob在上 字根-serv守護 字尾-ation行為,結果
• assumption-a hypothesis; an assumption 假定, 設想
[U][C][+(that)]
• expansion-to stretch; to extend; to spread; to expand; to
aggrandize 擴展; 擴張
• refer-認為...起源(於)[(+to)]
字首-re回 字根-fer攜帶
• according-相符的; 和諧的; 相應的
字首-ac向,靠近 字根-cord心 字尾-ing有...性質
• prior-forward 在前; 居先[(+to)]
• calculated-計算而得的
字首-dis分離 字根-(s)ta站立 字尾-(a)nce程度,狀態
Fifth Paragraph-words and
phrases(1)
• distance-distant 遠處[the S]; 遠的 遙遠
字首-calc石 字根-ul小 字尾-at(e)使成為
• velocity-fast; quick; high-speed; speedy 迅速; 快速[U]
• experimental-實驗性的; 試驗性的
• uncertainty-uncertain; uncertainty 不確定; 不確信; 易變; 不可
靠[U]
• definite-明確的, 確切的
字首-de加強 字根-fin界限 字尾-ite具有...性質的
Ｍain ideas of the Fifth paragraph
• Hubble’s observation confirmed the Big
band theory.
• The Big Band theory makes us
understand the age of the universe can
be calculated form the distance, and it is
between ten to twenty billion years old.
Sixth Paragraph-words and
phrases
• prediction-to predict; to foretell; to presage 預言; 預報[C][U]
字首-pre先,前 字根-dict說 字尾-ion行為,結果
• extremely- exceedingly; very; highly; dreadfully 極端地; 極其;
非常
• dense-密集的, 稠密的
字根-dens稠密 字尾-e(adj)
• initial-開始的, 最初的
字首-in入 字根-it走 字尾-ial具有...特性的
• observable-看得見的; 顯著的
字首-ob在上 字根-serv守護 字尾-able可...的
• cosmic-universal 宇宙的
字根-cosm秩序,宇宙 字尾-ic有...特性的
• radiation-輻射
字根-radi放光,射線 字尾-ation行為,結果
Sixth Paragraph-words and
phrases(1)
• imply-必然包含
• technology-technique 技術
字根-techn技巧 字尾-ology學科
• detailed- 詳細的; 精細的
• confirm-to verify; to confirm; to prove; to testify; to
corroborate; to establish; to validate 證實 證明 確定的
字首-con全 字根-firm堅固,確認
Ｍain ideas of the Sixth
paragraph
• The early universe must have been
extremely hot and dense and it
would cool down as the universe
expanded.
• Robert Wilson and Arno Penzias
discovered a technology to make
scientists to take very detailed
measurements of cosmic radiation.
Seventh Paragraph-words and
phrases
• result- an outcome; an effect 結果; 成果
• relates-to narrate; to recount; to relate 敘述
字首-re回 字根-lat攜帶 字尾-e(v)
• expanding-to stretch; to extend; to spread; to expand; to
aggrandize 擴張 擴展
• surface-a surface; a face; the outside; the appearance; the
exterior 面, 表面 外觀
字首-sur上 字根-fac面 字尾-e(n,adj,v)
• inflates-to expand; to inflate; to swell; to bulge; to bulk up;
to puff up/out; to dilate 膨脹; 擴大 增大
字首-in向內 字根-flat吹 字尾-e(v)
• stretch-spread; to extend; to stretch 伸展
Ｍain ideas of the Seventh
paragraph
• The universe is expanding but the
galaxies are not moving; it’s much like
the balloon inflates only the material
stretches out