Transcript Gamification of Accessibility - NC State University IT Accessibility

The Gamification of Accessibility
Greg Kraus
University IT Accessibility Coordinator
NC State University
http://go.ncsu.edu/csun2014
Gamification
• Gamification [n]: the use of game design
elements in non-game contexts
@gdkraus
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Accessibility is Not a Game
• It’s a human right
• It’s should just be part of their job
• People might get addicted to the game
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We’re Not Talking About Wheelchairs
with Lasers
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I Never Set Out To Make A Game
• Guiding Principles
– It takes practice to become an accessible Web
developer
– I am competing in a marketplace for people's
attention
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Aristotle
• “If you want to become a major league
baseball player, you cannot simply wake up
one day and declare your self a baseball
player, capable of hitting a curve ball. You
must become habituated in the ways of being
a baseball player through a lifetime of
practice.”
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How to Learn To Be a Major League
Baseball Player
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Start easy
Gradually build skill over time
Learn to see patterns and know how to react
Reactions become intuitive and natural
Practice
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Competing in a Marketplace of
Demands
• Prioritizations
– “Keeping the lights on”
• Production services to run and maintain
– Security and Compliance
• This impacts everyone, not just a “small number of
users”
• As important as you think you are, you’re not
seen that way by your campus/organization
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Gaming Principles
• A good game…
– Lets everyone play, regardless of skill level
– Lets you improve skills over time
– Gives you instant feedback
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Make a Game Everyone Can Play
4
5
7
11
6
1
8
10
9
2
3
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@gdkraus
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@gdkraus
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@gdkraus
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Accessibility is Not Fun
• But…
– Solving a problem is fun
– Seeing how you have improved and grown is fun
– Admit it … winning is fun
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This is What WCAG 2 Looks Like
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This is What They Want
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Make a Game Everyone Can Play
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Mario Didn’t Save the Princess in
World 1-1
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Prioritization
• 4 = fatal error, user cannot interact at all with
the element
• 3 = significant error, user can only partially
recover or it causes a significant hardship
• 2 = significant error, but user can usually
mostly, if not fully recover
• 1 = minor annoyance
• 0 = usually can ignore
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Level 4
• Missing alternative text
• Unlabeled form element
• No keyboard event for an equivalent mouse
event
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Level 3
• A form control has more than one label
• Page auto refreshes
• No skip to main content link
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Level 2
• Spacer image does not have an alt attribute
• Pages have unique titles and don’t say
“Untitled Document”
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Level 1
• Invalid code
• Heading levels are skipped
• No titles for frames
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Level 0
• No alternative content for iframes
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Demonstrate System
• http://accessibility.oit.ncsu.edu/accessibilityscan/
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When Do People Use The System?
• Available 24/7 year round
• Contests
– NC State Global Accessibility Awareness Day
Website Challenge (April-May)
– NC State World Usability Day Website Challenge
(October-November)
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The Sales Pitch
“You have 28,000 accessibility errors across
8000 pages. Your site ranks 371 out of 385. You
are in the bottom 10% of all categories. Can you
fix these in the next 2 weeks? Oh, and you’ve
had these problems for the past 2 years.”
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The Results
• Corrected 27,500 errors
• 40 out of 385
• Top 5% in all categories
“I’m co-opting your employees for my own
agenda”
@gdkraus
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Weighted Errors Corrected
500,000
431,227
450,000
400,000
350,000
318,742
300,000
250,000
190,311
200,000
138,294
150,000
88,029
100,000
50,000
0
642
19,641
Mar Apr May Jun
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3,111
0
Jul
Aug
3,361 805
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Jan
402
Feb
go.ncsu.edu/csun-2014
Weighted Errors Corrected With
Contests
500,000
431,227
450,000
400,000
317,659
318,742
350,000
300,000
250,000
190,311
200,000
138,294
98,537
150,000
88,029
50,488
16,829 19,641
3,111
Mar Apr May Jun
Jul
100,000
50,000
0
642
@gdkraus
3,361 805
0
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov Dec
Jan
402
Feb
go.ncsu.edu/csun-2014
What We’ve Done So Far
• 428 Sites
• 115,771 Pages
• 1,194,565 Weighted Accessibility Errors
Corrected
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Number of Sites
440
426 428
422
421
420
400 401
398
394
400
408 412
382
380
360
340
320
329
316
300
Feb Mar Apr May Jun
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Jul
Aug Sep
Oct Nov Dec
Jan
Feb
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Being a Good Gamemaster
• You can always make your game better
– More frequent scanning
– Historical rankings
– Graphical and contextual view (WAVE)
@gdkraus
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Tools and Resources Developed
• Web Accessibility Handbook
– go.ncsu.edu/accessibility-handbook
• Readability Bookmarklet
– go.ncsu.edu/readability
• Color Contrast Analyzer for Chrome
– go.ncsu.edu/color-contrast-chrome
@gdkraus
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Key Elements That Make This Work
• Anonymity, to a degree
• Doing part of the work for them
– Setting up the scanner?
– Doing the scan for them?
• Giving guidance on what is important
• Giving immediate feedback on how to fix it
@gdkraus
go.ncsu.edu/csun-2014
The Limits of Gaming
• Automated scans only get you so far
– Cannot test for everything
@gdkraus
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Automated Tests are Only So Good
The ALT text of this
image mentions a color,
which isn't useful for
blind users.
alt="N.C. Sen. Daniel Blue Jr. (left) and N.C. Speaker of the House
Thom Tillis were among those paying tribute to former N.C.
Speaker of the House Harold Brubaker (center)."
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Future Developments
• Receive bonus points for performing manual
checks
• Get points for both
– Testing if the onscreen focus is always visible
– Fixing the onscreen focus problem if it exists
• Artificial intelligence techniques
– Determine if you have an appropriate number of
headings
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Questions?
@gdkraus
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