Transcript SA&SEA vs Rest Asia - Tomato Genetics Cooperative

Recent development of
tomato in Asia
TBRT 6-8Feb2013, Chiangmai
Narendra Singh
Asia – A diverse and geographically dispersed region
 Tropical & subtropical
(H&H and H&D)
• India, ASEAN,
• South China, Australia
 Temperate
(Cool to cold )
• North China, Korea,
• Japan, Aust., NZ, Nth India
 Wet (> 2,000 mm) to
Dry (< 5mm)
 Many languages &
food habits & cultures
 Rich to poor
•GDP per capita from
€0.5 k to € 27 k
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Vegetables in Asia
• Asia Fast growing Veg. mkt: 1.1 bn€ in 2011 to 1.5 bn€ by 2015
• Growth in JP/KR/AUS/NZ/TN is stable
• ~ 5-25% growth in other market
• SA&SEA total veg market is ~300 mn€ growing to 511 mn€ by 2015
• Market growth is ~ 20-45% in 5 years depends on countries
• Value addition by new traits
• OP to F1 conversion
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Tomatoes in Asia
• Originated in Peruvian & Mexican region
• Introduced to Philippines by Spanish & spread thru SA
• Domesticated in Asia and now is the biggest producer in the world
• Tomato rank no.1 with approx 14% of total Asia veg. market
• China stands no. 1 followed by JP,SA,KR, AU/NZ & ASEAN
• Ranks no.2 in SA&SEA after Onion with ~ 9-10% of total veg mkt.
Rest.Asia
SA&SEA
SA&SEA vs Rest Asia
The tomato was introduced to cultivation in
the Middle East/Asia by John Barker,
British consul in Aleppo circa 1799 to
1825.[5][6]
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Top 5 Tomato producing countries & trends
(Mio Mt.)
45
40
35
30
2010
25
2008
20
2004
15
10
5
0
China
FAO Stat.
USA
India
Turkey
Egypt
Types of Tomato Developed & grown in Asia
A . Indeterminate : ( contribute 71% of total tomato mkt)
I.
Pink >200g : JP,CN, KR,TW
II. Red 160-200g
I.
Protect : JP, CN,KR,TW,ML
II. Open Field : CN, AU
III. Indet. Red 90-120g,OF : ID,IN,VN, MM
IV. Cherry/Grape : 35-50g, Rd,Ovl. Growing with low rate
because of fruit quality
V. Small size ( 50-70g) : Stable, mainly in JP
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Types of Tomato Developed & grown in Asia…..
B
Determinate/ Semi Det.: ( contribute 29% of total tomato mkt)
I.
Det,90-100g,RD/SQR/SQ,Red ( H&H, H&D) : IN,ID,PH,TH,BD,PK
II.
Semi Det 90-110g,SQ/SQR (H&H, H&D)
: IN, ID,VN,TH,MM
III.
Det/Semi Det Acid Tom,70-90g, Flat/DOB
: India
IV.
Det/SD Pink 40-60g
: Thailand
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Estimated seed mkt. Value and trend
140
120
100
80
2011
2015
60
40
20
0
China
Japan
SA
Korea
Aus/NZ
ASEAN/TW
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Total market and trend as per growing culture
300
250
200
2011
150
2015
100
50
0
Total
Reference
Plastic Green
house
Temp controlled
house
Open Field
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OPF market value
Indet
Det
Plastic house market : all Indeterminate
Temp controlled Glass house : All Indet
Pink
Red
Red
Root stock
Pink
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Development in Tomato
Seed Production and
Quality
• Seed Production
• Seed treatment
• Seed coating and
Palleting
• Seed Germination
Variety / Hybrid
development
•
•
•
•
High yield varieties
Wide adaptation
Hot & cold set
Disease resistance
Fruit Quality and
Post harvest
•
•
•
•
•
Disease and Pest
management
• Diagnositcs
• Screening technology
• IPM
• Fungicides &
pesticides
LSL/ Keeping quality
Fruit colour
Transportability
Fruit Firmness
Cracking
Crop Management
• Nursery raising
• Agronomy
• Cultivation Practices
• Mulching, Pruning,
Staking
• Irrigation &
Fertigation
Molecular Technolgy
•
•
•
•
Gene sequencing
Mol Markers
Fingerprint
QTL for polygenic
traits
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Hybrid & Trait Development progression
2000-2010
1990-2000
<1990
Concentrate on yield and
agronomic traits
● Det/Indet op variety
● Introduction of hybrid
● Short duration harvest
●
●
●
●
varieties
Adapted in normal growing
season ( winter or Rainy)
Grown mainly without staked
Poor keeping quality & less
firm, no disease resistance
Low yield (10-15T/Ha)
Yield and adaptation to off
season cultivation & start
disease resistance with mild
TY, Tm,V F2
● Introduction of Semi Det
●
●
●
●
●
hybrid
Long duration harvest
hybrids
Extend season Adapt to
off season
Mild Ty resistant
High yield and better
firmness
BW tolerant
Yield, adaptation, fruit quality, &
Strong Ty resistance and other
disease resistance
( BW, EB,
LB, Mi,St )
● Better Yield & Strong Ty
●
●
●
●
resistant
BW, TY, TM22, V,F2,Smt,
EB, LB resistance
Improve keeping quality,
Firm & LDT
F1 conversion faster
Enhance use of Markers
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Advances in young plant raising
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Advances in cultivation practices
Sunny Green house
Polu Mulch &
Drip irrigation
Drip irrigation
Tomato under
Plastic house
staked
Where there is will there is
Tomato
Without staked
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TOMATO Diseases and its spread
Diseases list
Bacterial Wilt (BW)
Early Blight (EB)
Late Blight (LB)
Fusarium wilt (FW)
Gray Leaf Spot
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
Begomovirus
Tospovirus
Nematode
CMV-subgroup II
Powdery mildew
Verticillium
Bacterial leaf spot
NN
N
NN
Remark;
N
= new emergence since 2008
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Advances in disease screening
TYLCV Resistant Varieties & screening
PM screening
LB screening
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Bacterial Wilt screening & resistant hybrids
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Advances in packing and
transportation
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Key Challenges....
 Yield, Yield and high Yield
 Multiple disease resistance with better fruit quality
 Hot and cold set with fruit quality
 Strong BW,TY,EB &LB with fruit quality for both Det & Indet
 Better resistance source for TY, BW, LB
 Resistance source for emerging diseases & races ( TOSPO,CMV, ..)
 Screening protocols and Year round screening
 Molecular markers for polygenic traits
 Agronomic practices & ( fertilizer, irrigation, spacing). Technical know how to
grow in Protected culture
 Seed production and seed quality
 Post harvest technology
 Quality & disease free seed production
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Thanks
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