Transcript Intenational human right day - Center for women's studies, EMU

Intenational human right day
10th december
Establishment
• Human Rights Day is observed by the
international community every year on 10
December.
• The UN General Assembly proclaimed 10
December as Human Rights Day in 1950, to
bring to the attention ‘of the peoples of the
world’ the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights as the common standard of
achievement for all peoples and all nations.
From 1950 to Present
The establishment of High Commissioner
• The United Nations General Assembly created the
mandate of High Commissioner for the promotion and
protection of all human rights in December 1993.
• The creation of the position of High Commissioner has
enabled an independent, authoritative voice to speak
out for human rights worldwide.
• The Office of the High Commissioner responds to
crises, supports human rights defenders, and brings
human rights closer to people. Through advocacy,
monitoring and training activities, it contributes to
legislative and policy reforms to increase accountability
for human rights violations and advance human rights
HUMAN RIGHTS ACHIEVEMENTS
in 20 years
• 1)Economic, social, cultural, civil, and political rights and the
right to development are recognized as universal, indivisible,
and mutually reinforcing rights of all human beings.
• 2)Human rights have become central to the global
conversation regarding peace, security and development.
• 3) Additional explicit protections in international law now
exist covering, among others, children, women, victims of
torture, persons with disabilities, and regional institutions.
• 4) Women’s rights are now acknowledged as fundamental
human rights. Discrimination and acts of violence against
women are at the forefront of the human rights discourse.
HUMAN RIGHTS ACHIEVEMENTS
in 20 years
• the Committee has significantly contributed to the recognition of
violence against women as human rights issue. The Declaration on
the Elimination of Violence against Women, adopted in December
1993, sets out the measures that States and international agencies
should take to ensure the elimination of all forms of violence
against women, whether in the public or private sphere; an
Optional Protocol to the Convention was adopted in 1999.
• 5)There is now an international framework that recognizes the
challenges facing migrants and their families which guarantees their
rights and those of undocumented migrants.
• 6) The rights of lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transgender individuals
have been placed on the international agenda.
Nobel Peace Price for Human right
activists
• Nobel Peace Prize was initiated from 1901 onward as
the will of Alfred Nobel, the famous inventor of
dynamite in Sweden. The coveted Nobel Peace prize is
decided by a Committee in Norway .Until 2012, a total
of 93 peace prizes have been awarded. The award has
been given so far to fifteen women. Out of these,
Mother Teresa from India (1979), Aung San Suu Kyi of
Burma (1991) and Shirin Ebadi of Iran (2003) are
more renowned. To date, the youngest Nobel Peace
Prize Laureate is also a woman. 32 years old Tawakkol
Karman from Yemen co shared it with two others in
2011.
• The five members Norwegian Nobel Committee
appointed by the Norwegian Parliament is responsible
for selecting the Nobel Peace Prize Laureates. A
nomination may only be submitted by any person who
meets the nomination criteria and the deadline is
usually in February. The Nobel committee then
shortlists without revealing and in October laureates
are chosen.
• With this background, a Nobel Prize for Pakistan is fine
but who deserves the most? Benazir Bhutto, Mala
Yousafzai or Bilqees Edhi remains debateable.
Nobel peace price nominees(Pakistan)
Great leader of the
world,Daughter of the East.
Mohtarama Benazir Bhutto
was a visionary leader. She
was committed to her
homeland and her beloved
country. She struggled for
democracy in Pakistan
within the country and
abroad.
Nobel peace price
nominees(Pakistan)
• According to a news item Malala
Yousafzai, the schoolgirl-turned-icon of
Taliban resistance from Pakistan is
among the record 259 nominees for this
year’s Nobel Peace Prize.
• the passion for Malala took an
interesting turn when number of
activists launched online petitions for
her Nobel peace prize nomination. This
caught eye of main stream media and
voice became stronger with thousands
of people pouring in to show their
support including Gordon Brown, the
UN special envoy for education. A large
number of Pakistanis mainly influenced
by print and electronic media supported
this cause and can be called as the first
group.
• But unfortunately she hasnt selected.
The Nobel Peace Prize 2011
It was awarded jointly to
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee and Tawakkol Karman
"for their non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for
women's rights to full participation in peace-building work".
• Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Leymah Gbowee, Tawakkol Karman.
The Nobel Peace Prize 2003
• The Nobel Peace Prize 2003 was awarded to
Shirin Ebadi "for her efforts for democracy and
human rights. She has focused especially on
the struggle for the rights of women and
children".
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela
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Nelson Mandela, Born in 1918 in a small village in the eastern Cape of South
Africa, Rolihlahla Dalibhunga and died at the age of 95, spent 27 years in prison
in South Africa.
He joined the African National Congress (ANC) and very early on began
advocating for political and social reform.
In 1990, when he finally walked through the gates of Pollsmoor Prison a free
man, the BBC described dancing in the streets across the country and reported a
crowd of 50,000 had gathered in front of the City Hall in Cape Town to hear him
speak.
His speech from the dock at the opening of his trial in 1964 is one of his most
famous. Describing what the ANC was fighting for as “a struggle for the right to
live”, Mandela then defined his role: “During my lifetime I have dedicated myself
to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination,
and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a
democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and
with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But
if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”
Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela
• Mandela was subsequently awarded the Nobel Peace Prize and in 1994
became South Africa’s first black president.
• Mandela supervised the transformation of South Africa from an
apartheid state that served minority interests to one that served
the needs of all citizens without discrimination and began the
gradual process of building a truly rainbow nation
• Mandela actively promoted women’s rights. The first Speaker of
the multi-racial Parliament was a woman. Pillay herself was
singled out by Mandela and was appointed by him as the first
non-white woman to the South African High Court
• At 71, Mandela’s age when he was freed, he remained undeterred in his
determination to end the system of apartheid. “I greet you all in the
name of peace, democracy and freedom for all,” Mandela said in his
speech to supporters.