ESA Concurrent Design: Concurrent Engineering applied to space mission assessments

K. Nergaard ESA – OPS-HSA

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ESA FACTS AND FIGURES

• • • • • • • • Over 30 years of experience 18 Member States Five establishments, about 2000 staff 3 600 million Euro budget (2009) Over 60 satellites designed and tested More than 10 scientific satellites in operation Five types of launcher developed Over 180 launches made KSEE Presentation 2010 2

ESA Member States

• Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

• Canada takes part in some projects under a Cooperation Agreement.

• • • Hungary, Romania and Poland are European Cooperating States.

Cyprus, Slovenia, Estonia and Latvia have recently signed Cooperation Agreements with ESA.

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KSEE Presentation 2010

ESA – What do we do?

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The ESA project life-cycle

E S A I n d u s t r y Phase A SPEC.

’s Phase B SPEC.

’s Phase C/D SPEC.

’s

… Launch … KSEE Presentation 2010 5

Why do we need Concurrent Engineering?

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To overcome the communication gaps between the “designer” (who produces design information) and the “user” (who utilises the design information)

Sequential Design (“over-the-fence” approach) KSEE Presentation 2010 6

Possible approaches to system design

Centralised design Concurrent design KSEE Presentation 2010 7

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The Concurrent Design Facility (CDF): what is it?

The ESA Concurrent Design Facility is an Integrated Design Environment (IDE) available to all ESA programmes for interdisciplinary and inter-directorate applications, based on Concurrent Engineering methodology

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the implementation started in Nov.1998

, on an experimental basis with initiative (and support) of the General Studies Programme (GSP)

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initially conceived for the assessment and the conceptual design missions, i.e. internal pre-phase A / feasibility studies of future space

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the main ESA CDF is in ESTEC with other establishments having satellite CDF systems (such as ESOC)

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featuring:

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team orientated concurrent engineering

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integration of tools, project data, mission and system models

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simultaneous participation of all mission domains , incl. Programmatics/AIV, Operations, Cost Engineering, Risk Analysis, CAD, Simulation

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CDF: the approach

(Organisation dependent) Re-organization of existing tools and human resources in a more effective (i.e. “concurrent”) way Technical Domains Engineering Tools & DB‘s Domain Specialists Interfacing Data Sharing Group Team Engineers System Perspective Integrated Design Environment

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CDF: the achievements

• • • • • • Activities performed •

100+ (potential) future missions studied and designed internally at pre-Phase A, conceptual, system level 4 new launcher concept design 11 complex payload instrument design (IDA), incl. Platform, system, mission 18 reviews of Industrial Phase A studies (internal + Industry) and Phase B 5 ISS on-board facilities/experiments accommodation studies; teaming with/supporting Industry in Phase A

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Joint studies with NASA/JPL/PDC-Team X (Distributed Concurrent Engineering), CNES CIC, DLR, Industry, Academia Anomaly investigation for later project phases Educational, training, promotion and standardisation activities

Spin-off •

Transfer of CDF know-how and software to national Agencies, Industry, Academia

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Benefits

Performances

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(typical pre-Phase A study): Study duration (Design phase): 3 6 weeks (“classical” 6-9 months!) Factor 4 reduction in time

– –

Factor 2 reduction in cost (for the Customer) Increased number of studies per year, compatibly with max 2 parallel studies Improvement in quality, providing quick, consistent and complete mission design, incl. technical feasibility, programmatics, risk, cost

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Technical report becomes part of the specs for subsequent industrial activity, Cost report remains the ESA independent reference

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Capitalisation of corporate knowledge for further reusability

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CDF: an essential tool for the ESA Decision Making and Risk Management processes

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• • • • • •

Process elements

Conducted in sessions

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plenary meeting where representatives of all space engineering domains participate from early phases (requirement analysis) to end of design (costing)

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6 to 10 session / study, 4 hour / session, bi-weekly frequency

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team leader co-ordination customer participation Model driven On-line design Highly co-operative & interactive Iterations Design options comparison and trade-offs

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Mission requirements & constraints

Objectives Environment Lifetime Payload Reliability Schedule Technology Budget

Study requirements

Products Study Level Planning Resources KSEE Presentation 2010

Design process

Software Attitude determination & control Instruments Mission analysis Thermal control Propulsion Electrical power

Dry

mass Structure Data handling Telemetry tracking & command Wet mass Operations & ground systems Propellant mass Adapter Launch mass

Study results

S/C Design S/C Configuration Launcher Risk Cost Simulation Programmatics Options

Conceptual model of mission & spacecraft design process

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The Spiral Model

CE: iterative process

Mission analysis Sub-system design Mission requirements analysis Design verification

KSEE Presentation 2010

Risk assessment Cost analysis Key Parameters

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CDF: the team

Team of ESA specialists (senior and junior!) Technical disciplines (‘CDF positions’) selected for Phase 0 studies (according to ESA organisation): Systems Instruments Mission analysis Propulsion Attitude and Orbit Control Structures/ Configuration Power Command and Data Handling Communications Ground Systems & Operations Simulation Programmatics Mechanisms/Pyros Risk Assessment Thermal Cost Analysis

Black: sub-system level Red: based on hi-end tools Blue: system level

Note: Instrument design activities have specialised teams with disciplines such as Receiver, Optics etc.

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Payload & P/L accommodation ROSITA instrument on Columbus External Platform Advanced launchers Socrates Diverse range of space missions S5P ExoMars ISS Internal Payload Definition – Science Requirements IMPACT facility inside an ISS rack KSEE Presentation 2010 Telescopes and Technology FIRI WiFLY Laplace Crewed vehicles for exploration preparation programme Human Missions to Mars Moon Lander 16

New CDF application - System of Systems architecture Service oriented – Example: GIANUS

• • • Architecture and integration of independent space assets and systems to provide a layer of global services (e.g. security) Collaboration among ESA programme directorates and other Agencies Support EU and national authorities dealing with Civil Crisis Management (ref. EC-EDA-ESA workshop - 16 Sep. 2009 - on Space for Security and Defence) KSEE Presentation 2010 17

KSEE Presentation 2010

A CDF design session

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KSEE Presentation 2010

Thanks for your time!

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