Transcript Regulatory Considerations in National & Worldwide Mobility

Regulatory Considerations in
National & Worldwide Mobility
Joseph E. Brimhall, D.C.
President, Council on Chiropractic Education – U.S.
Moderator and Panelist
What is the role of accreditation?
• Certify quality of education by:
– Development of valid criteria (CCE Standards)
– Direct accreditation of programs & institutions (COA
actions)
– Endorsement of actions and standards of other
accrediting agencies (formerly via Reciprocal
Agreements)
Who accredits the accreditor?
• United States Department of Education – in accordance
with federal law and regulations
• CHEA (Council on Higher Education Accreditation)
– adherence to established criteria
• ASPA (Association of Specialized and Professional
Accreditors) – compliance with “Code of Good Practice”
• CCE-I – conformance with “Model Standards”
What is gained from mutual
endorsement and recognition of
international CCEs?
• Transferability of credits among accredited
colleges
• MAY facilitate licensure mobility in
jurisdictions outside the region
“Professional licensure is the
responsibility of jurisdictional
regulation, not the duty of
accreditation.”
• Accreditation may be a resource for
licensing bodies, much like professional
testing is used by regulators.
“Accreditation is voluntary”
• Probably essential to a college, but is a
choice, not an imposed requirement.
• Similar to professional licensure,
Accreditation is a privilege, not a right.
WHY RECIPROCITY DOES NOT
WORK…
• Only 2 entities involved, by definition
• “Leap frog” phenomenon
• Presumes equivalence of the two sets of
Standards to each other.
• Does not consider regional differences
WHY RECIPROCITY DOES NOT
WORK…(cont.)
• Who maintains assurance of equivalence?
• What happens when there are substantial
differences between the two Standards
(i.e. non-equivalence)?
What are the alternatives to
international recognition?
1. Each agency accredits colleges outside its
region/country (e.g. CCE-Canada directly
accredits U.S. colleges)
–
–
Requires each college to maintain multiple
accreditations if students want mobility
Requires the college’s adherence to different sets of
programmatic accreditation Standards.
Another alternative….
• Mutual recognition and endorsement of other
CCE agencies through compliance with CCE-I
core Model Standards
• CCE-I = The Councils on Chiropractic
Education – International
– Membership organization formed by the CCE
agencies of the world
– Each CCE world-wide approves the Model
Standards and has representation on CCE-I
– CCE-I is responsible to assure compliance of each
CCE with the Model Standards
How does this work for regulation?
• Licensing bodies and other third parties
may rely on the mutual endorsement and
recognition provisions….
• …as an effective and comparable
approach to resolving questions regarding
equivalency of international accreditation
requirements and actions.
In other words…
• Regulatory bodies may choose to rely on
the recognition and endorsement of each
regional CCE (via compliance with CCEI
Model Standards) as a means to facilitate
international mobility.
PLEASE OBSERVE…
• It should be noted that CCEI endorsement
and recognition of equivalency represents
compliance and conformity with CCEI
Model Standards and does not
necessarily express identical equivalence
with CCE-US Standards. Determination of
compliance with individual jurisdictional
requirements may require review on a
case-by-case basis.
TO REITERATE:
• The decision of how much weight, if any, to give
CCE’s mutual recognition and endorsement of
other CCE agencies must remain with the
licensing and regulatory organizations.
• CCE’s intent is to provide a model, through the
CCE-I provisions, that will be of assistance to
the licensing bodies in facilitating international
mobility of licensure.
Mutual Recognition and Endorsement
Core requirements
CCE
USA
CCE
Australasia
CCE-I
Model
Standards
European
CCE
CCE
Canada