Transcript Victoria Nyanza Sailing Club

Victoria Nyanza Sailing Club
Beginners Course Sailing
Sailing and Safety
Sailing is a safe sport so long you
stick to the following rules
• Always wear a lifejacket
• Check your equipment before you
go out
• Don’t sail in weather beyond your
capacity
• Never, ever, leave your boat while
out on the lake
• Keep an eye on your fellow sailors
and act if you see something
unusual
• During racing: stop and help people
in distress
!# @%*
Main parts of
a Laser
Mast
Sail
Main sheet
Centre board
Rudder
Why does a sailing boat move?
Low pressure
Why does a sailing boat move?
Low pressure
A boat moves….
• …when air flows smoothly along both
sides of the sail
• The low pressure on the ‘leeward side’ of
the sail pulls the boat forward …
• …but also sideways (drift)
A boat stops….
• …when air stops
flowing along the sail.
And starts moving again….
• …when the sail is set
in a proper angle to
the wind
Drift
When
the
wind
hits a boat from the side or front, it is
With
When
a
the
more
sail
pushed sideways and forward at the same time – the
closed
open
is
fullysail,
open,
sail,the is called drift
sideways
movement
there
the
drift
drift
isisless
no
is
high
drift
How to stop drift?
How to stop drift?
• You stop drift by putting your centre board
down
• When your sail is closed and the drift is
high, your centre board is all the way down
• The more open your sail is (and you move
further away from the wind), the more your
centre board is up
Sailing a straight line
Your rudder and tiller are
in the centre of the boat
Move the tiller extension
a bit to adjust for waves
and gusts
Sailing a straight line: keep your
boat flat
A heeling boat tends
to turn in the wind.
You have to fight the
rudder to make it go
in a straight line.
Therefore in
moderate and strong
winds:
•Bum over the deck
•Shoulders over the
water
Sailing a straight line in gusts
When the
a
gust hits
the boat:
reduces…
2: Drop a bit of
mainsheet
1: Sheet in
1: Bring more
body
outyour
of the
2: Bring
boat
body back in
Points of sailing
A point of sailing is the forward movement of a boat
relative to the direction of the wind:
• Beating – the boat moves as close as possible, roughly
at an angle of 45 degrees, to the wind (close haul)
• Reaching – the boat moves at an angle of 50 – 140
degrees to the wind (highest speed)
• Running – the boat moves at an angle of 140 – 220
degrees to the wind (‘runs away’ from the wind)
Points of sailing: Beating
Sail is closed (block-to-block)
Centre board is down
Points of sailing: Reaching
Sail is half open
Centre board is half up
Points of sailing: Running
Sail is fully open
Centre board is up
Changing direction
Hardening up – sailing
closer to the wind
Changing direction
Hardening up – sailing
closer to the wind
Changing direction: hardening up
Pull boat
Push
The
inthe
your
tiller away
turns
sail
from you
closer
to
Straighten
the wind
your tiller
And
continue
sailing
Changing direction
Bearing away (from the wind)
Changing direction
Bearing away (from
the wind)
Changing direction: bearing away
Let
Pullout
The
boat
the
your
tiller sail
turns
towards
away
Straighten
you the
from
your tiller
wind
And
continue
sailing
The no-go zone
A boat
cannot sail
into the nogo zone
Because the
wind hits the
sail too much
from the front
No-go zone movement
The no-go zone
travels with
your boat, and
is always
windward and in
front of your
centre-board
when sailing
close haul
No-go zone movement
The no-go zone
travels with
your boat, even
when you drift
backwards. The
only way out in
this position is
to turn your
boat
Points of sailing
A point of
sailing is
relative to the
wind
Points of sailing
A point of
sailing is
relative to the
wind:
When the wind
shifts the
boat’s
direction
relative to the
land shifts as
well if the point
of sailing
remains the
same
Tacking
Tacking
Step1:
Push the
tiller
away The boat
will turn
towards
the wind
Tacking
Tacking
Step 3:
Step2: Move
Straighten
your body to
your
tiller
the other side
when
the
while the
sail iscomes
full,
boom
switch
across
hands
Changing direction: Beating
Beating
Beating: which route to take?
All routes cover the
same distance, but
think about:
Number of tacks
Tack to arrive at the
mark
Wind shifts
Other boats
Changing direction: gybing
Changing direction: gybing
Gybing
Gybing
Step 2:
Step 1:
pull the
pull your
tiller
sail in a bit
towards
you – the
boat turns
away from
the wind
Gybing
Step 3:
Gybing
while
Gybing
the
Step 4:
sail
Step
comes
5:
straighten
change
across,
the tiller
tiller
move
and
and
main
quickly
sheet
to
continue
the
hands
other
sailing
side of the
boat
Basic rules: Port - Starboard
This
boat
sails
When a
astarboard
starboard
port
tack ...
and
tack
...
port
boat the
…
because
meet,
theitsthe
…
because
sail
is on
starboard
sail
is on itsboat
starboard-side
has right of
port-side
way
Starboard-Port
The port
boat can
either duck
behind the
starboard
boat ….
Starboard-Port
… our it can
tack
Basic rules: leeward-windward
A boat
The
windward
leeward
sailing
to
side of a
windward
boat
of
another
is
where
boat
has
the
wind
to
keep
hits
the hullthe
leaves
clear
…
hull …