Transcript Slide 1
Pharmacokinetic profile of the base-excision repair inhibitor Methoxyamine-HCl (TRC102; MX) given as an one-hour intravenous infusion with Temozolomide (TMZ) in the first in human phase 1 clinical trial. Panos S. Savvides, Yan Xu, Lili Liu, Lisa Rogers, Smitha Krishnamurthi, Afshin Dowlati, Stanton L. Gerson Seidman Cancer Center and CASE Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH. Results: 23 patients have enrolled, in two cohorts. In cohort A (patients with no-CNS disease), patients have enrolled in dose-levels 1 and 2 (TMZ 150 mg/m2/day, days 1-5 and MX 15 mg/m2 and 30 mg/m2 respectively). In cohort B (patients with CNS involvement) enrollment started at a DL lower (in DL1, TMZ 100 mg/m2/day, days 15 and MX 15 mg/m2; for DL2 TMZ increased to 150 mg/m2/day, days 1-5 and MX remained 15 mg/m2 ). Demographic, toxicity and efficacy data will be presented separately. The average half-life of MX administered as an one-hour continuous infusion was 55.04 hours (range: 12.2 - 100.3 hours, n = 20), statistically not different from halflife of MX administered as a five-day continuous infusion which was 45.1 hours (range: 32.1 - 68.8 hours, n = 6). PD results, performed on 22 patients, showed that administration of the combination of TMZ and MX resulted in 10-40% reduction in detectable AP sites. Comet assay results, performed on 20 patients revealed that the combination of TMZ and MX induced a 2 to 3-fold higher levels of DNA strand breaks compared to TMZ alone. Conclusions: MX has a distinct PK profile in humans, corresponding to a 10-fold increase in estimated half-life when compared to the halflife observed in dogs, which has allowed us to move to a convenient one-hour infusion regimen for further development. PD demonstration of MX’s biologic activity on patients’ mononuclear cells has been demonstrated even at the lowest DL. Accrual to the trial is ongoing. Cycle 1 (duration: 2 weeks) Week1 Day1 Day2 Day3 Day4 Day5 TMZ ↓ MX ↔ Cycle 2 and subsequent (q 4 weeks) Week1 Day1 Day2 Day3 Day4 Day5 TMZ ↓ MX ↔ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ DOSE-ESCALATION SCHEDULE (cohort A) Dose TMZ MX Dose Level (mg/m2/day) x5days (mg/m2) Level -1 100 15 Level 1 150 15 Level 2 150 30 Level 3 150 60 Level 4 150 100 Level 5 150 150 Eligibility Criteria ●Histologically confirmed solid tumor; incurable ●Priorchemotherapy and/or radiation are allowed. ●Prior temozolomide treatment is not restricted. ●Age >18 years. ●ECOG performance status <2 ●Life expectancy > 12 weeks. ●Patients must have normal organ and marrow function Patient # Half life (h) 7 74.085 8 29.6 9 49.973 10 52.319 11 30.482 12 48.57 13 63.102 14 55.694 15 43.535 16 17 92.11 18 43.461 19 43.672 20 21 38.071 22 36.203 23 68.263 24 64.155 25 34.7 26 78.388 27 55.19 28 82.643 29 Cmax (ng/mL) AUC (h*ng/mL) Volume (L/kg) 4.7 51.362 11.3 9.81 9.133 22.7 9.07 9.975 8.107 381.945 58.701 707.648 391.033 388.343 1289.31 552.133 648.292 408.526 76.519 538.773 38.424 52.506 51.188 13.58 54.093 47.512 44.315 10.15 15.3 8.957 774.351 1067.026 400.659 51.338 17.418 72.902 3 Typical PK profile: TRC102 15mg/m2, (Pt #13, cycle#1) 2.5 714.883 395.393 657.601 932.12 582.264 1564.373 370.45 775.47 29.9 48.03 56.66 35.745 55.305 41.946 59.71 43.563 MX TMZ+MX 1.5 2 1.0 1.5 1 0.5 0.5 2.0 0 2h 0h 4h 24h AP sites formed over time after a single dose of TMZ and low levels of AP sites were detected in cells treated with combination of TMZ and MX. Comet Assay, Neutral conditions (Detect DNA double strand breaks) A Comet Assay, Alkaline conditions (Detect DNA single strand breaks) B 4 4 16.3 8.66 7.937 11.2 19.35 29.2 9.2 27.2 2.0 TMZ Tail length (arbitrary units) Methods: This ongoing phase I dose-escalation trial investigates the safety, pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profile of MX given as an one-hour intravenous infusion in combination with TMZ. PD markers, including analysis of AP sites measured on DNA extracted from patients’ mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as well as DNA strand break determined by comet assay at multiple time points, are included. Pharmacokinetic Analyses AP sites relative to control Background: MX is the first base excision repair (BER) inhibitor evaluated in humans. MX blocks the BER pathway by covalently binding to apurinic/pymidinic (AP) sites in DNA. In several preclinical studies, improved therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated with various chemotherapeutic agents including alkylating agents, such as TMZ. Initial results and correlative studies of the first in humans administration of MX have been presented (AACR Annual Meeting 2009, abstract#5433). Initial PK analyses on patient samples receiving MX as a five-day continuous infusion revealed a distinct PK profile, 10-fold greater than previously estimated in dogs, where half-life of MX was estimated to be 4.5 hours. As a result, the protocol has been amended with MX administration adjusted from a five-day continuous infusion to a onehour intravenous infusion. PK results of the one-hour intravenous infusion regimen are now presented. Schema Tail length (arbitrary units) Abstract TMZ 3 TMZ+MX 2 1 TMZ 3 TMZ+MX 2 1 0 0 0 2 4 Time (hr) 24 0 2 4 24 Time (hr) DNA strand breaks detected by Comet assay in PBMCs in patients treated with TMZ and MX. (A) DNA double strand breaks detected by neutral comet assay. (B) DNA single strand breaks detected by alkaline comet assay. The cells were mixed with low-melting agarose, lysed and the DNA was electrophoresed in both alkaline and neutral conditions to detect DNA single and double strand breaks, respectively. Conclusion ● TRC102 has a distinct PK profile in humans, corresponding to a 10-fold increase in estimated half-life when compared to dogs ● Prolonged half-life has allowed a convenient one-hour infusion regimen for further development ● TRC102 biologic activity has been demonstrated even at the lowest dose level Supported in part by: NIH grant R21 CA126149 ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00892385 0h