Transcript National Thermal Power Corporation Limited

Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean
Development & Climate
Brown Coal ( Lignite ) Best Practices
Work Shop
India - Country Perspective
23-27 th June2008
THE INDIAN DELEGATION

NTPC Delegates :

I.K.Rajdeva,

A.Nagasundaram, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.

Saju K Sebastian, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd.

P.S.Chatterjee, Chief Design Engineer, NTPC Ltd.

CESC Delegates :

Souvik Dutta, Station Manager, Southern generating Station, CESC Ltd .

Kushal Bhowmick, Senior Manager ( Environment), CESC Ltd.
Additional General Manager, NTPC Ltd.
Robust Economic Growth – THE DRIVER
 THE GDP GREW AT 9.6% DURING FISCAL 2007,
AVERAGE RATE OF GROWTH OVER LAST 4 YEARS IS
8.6%.
 GDP GROWTH DURING 2008-09 IS EXPECTED TO BE
around 9%.
 GDP GROWTH TARGET OF 9% SET BY GOVT. DURING
XI PLAN (2007-2012).
 ELECTRICITY IS AN IMPORTANT INPUT TO THE MARCH
OF PROGRESS OF ANY COUNTRY TODAY.
 IT IS THEREFORE NATURAL THAT THE GROWTH IN
ELECTRICITY GENERATION & AVAILABILITY, BE
COMMENSURATE WITH GROWTH IN GDP.
Existing Generating Capacity- March 2008
Fuel wise break-up
(MW)
Sector wise break-up (MW)
Thermal
92,426
63.8%
Hydro
36,033
24.9%
4,120
2.8%
12,194
8.5%
Nuclear
Renewable
TOTAL
144,773 100.0%
Private
Sector
14%
Central
Sector
34%
State
Sector
52%
(Excluding captive capacity of 14636 MW connected to grid)
(All figures provisional from CEA)
Total generation in 2007-08 – 704.45 BU
YEARS
2007-08
2006-07
2005-06
60
63
61
64
.6
67
.3
64
.7
64
.4
69
.9
74
.8
77
. 03
72
.2
74
.3
72
.7
69
78
. 61
78
2004-05
2003-04
57
.1
73
2002-03
2000-02
55
.3
56
.5
68
2000-01
1999-2000
1998-99
1997-98
53
.9
55
56
.5
63
1996-97
1995-96
1994-95
1993-94
1992-93
1991-92
1990-91
1989-90
1988-89
1987-88
53
53
.2
52
.4
58
1986-87
1985-86
PLF (%)
ALL INDIA PLANT LOAD FACTOR (%)
- COAL FIRED THERMAL POWER STATIONS
48
Energy Shortage
9.8%
737
750
REQUIREMENT
700
8.3%
650
600
550
8.8%
7.8%
7.5%
546
7.1%
7.3%
591
631
665
624
559
579
523
507
548
500
450
9.6%
691
AVAILABILITY
519
483
467
2001
2002
498
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
DURING 2007-08, PEAKING SHORTAGES WERE 16.6%
2008
Per capita Consumption remains low
India
Egypt
China
Brazil
In
2006
665
618
NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY
TARGETS PER CAPITA
AVAILABILITY OF 1000 KWH BY
1,465
2012
1,684
2,340
Russia
6,425
Germany
7,442
Japan
8,459
USA
World Average
14,240
2,701
Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2007-08 – Data for 2004
Figures in kwh
Projected Capacity Requirements
778 GW
425 GW
132 GW
2007
220 GW
2012
2022
2032
Source: Integrated Energy Policy GOI
Large Capacity addition required to meet the
demand
CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED DURING 11th PLAN
(2007-12) (Conventional) – 78,520 MW
NUCLEAR,
3,380MW, 4%
HYDRO,
15,627MW,
21%
THERMAL,
59,5130MW,
75%
Thermal – 59,513MW
( Coal – 51,890 MW, Gas- 5343 MW, Lignite- 2280 MW)
Additional capacity expected
: New Renewables – 14,000 MW
: Captive
– 12,000 MW
11TH PLAN PROGRAMME (2007-2012)
(Thermal+Hydro+Nuclear)
 Proposed : 78,577 MW
 Expected : 78,520MW

9,263 MW capacity already commissioned

60,214 MW (77%) under construction

10,950 MW - Letter of awards yet to be placed

Fuel Availability for 96% of coal based stations – tied up

88% hydro capacity under construction /commissioned

All gas based projects under execution or gas tied up from
local sources
 Additional 13,000 MW gas based projects identified –
subject to gas availability
11TH PLAN PROGRAMME
NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY PLANTS
 Installed Capacity (as on 31.03.2008)- 11125 MW
 11th Plan target- 14,000 MW consisting of
• Wind Power
-
10,500 MW
• Biomass Power
Baggasse
Co-generation -
2,100 MW
• Small Hydro
(up to 25 MW)
1,400 MW
-
CAPACITY ADDITION DURING XIITH PLAN
(2012 - 2017)
PLAN
XIITH
TOTAL
CAPACITY
ADDITION
PLANNED
(MW)
THERMAL
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
(MW)
(MW)
(MW)
82200
40200
30000
12000
Energy Efficiency
NATIONAL
THERMAL
POWER
GOVERNMENT’S
STRAGTEGY
/ INITIATIVE
FOR EFFICIENCY
IMPROVEMENTLTD.
CORPORATION
- A PROFILE
Setting the Scene today for a futureoriented Sustainable Energy production
INDIA’s ENERGY PROGRAMS AND POLICIES

Improving energy efficiency

Promoting Hydro and renewable energy

Power sector Reforms

Promotion of Clean coal technology

Energy infrastructure Development

Coal Washing

Environmental Quality Management
DRIVERS FOR HIGHER PLANT
EFFICIENCY








Demand of power is set to grow with growing economy
Large capacity needs to be added to meet the projected
growth in demand
With Electricity Act 2003 coming into vogue, the power
market is set to attract a lot of investors and competition
With tariff based bidding becoming a norm, utilities have to
bring down their cost of generation to remain competitive
Increased emphasis on Environmental considerations for
clean technology
CDM opportunities arising out of global warming concerns
Fuel, Land & Water availability becoming more and more
difficult
Efficiency enhancement feasible in future plants as well as
existing plants
Major Initiatives ……

Improvement in efficiency and performance of existing
generating units through :
 Renovation and Modernisation schemes with emphasis on Energy
Efficiency
 Partnership in excellence.
 Establishment of Energy Efficiency cells at thermal power stations ( 37
cells in operation)

Energy Conservation through legislation
 Thermal Power Stations notified as Designated consumers

Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources

15,627 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIth Plan

30,000 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIIth Plan

Retiring 5000 MW old capacity with low efficiency in 11th Plan
Major Initiatives …..
Energy Conservation Act 2003 (EC Act)

Designated Consumers Notified

Thermal Power Station

Appoint Energy Manager

Get Energy Audits conducted by Accredited Energy Auditors

Implement techno-economic viable recommendations given by
Accredited Energy Auditor

Comply with norms of specific energy consumption fixed

Submit report on steps taken
Major Initiatives……

Adoption of Clean Coal Technologies
– Supercritical / Ultra supercritical Technology
– Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC)
– Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC)
Suitable for Indian Coal

Presently Working to develop a Demonstration
Project for IGCC along with suitable Partner,
development of core technologies for gasifier & Gas
cleaning systems suitable for High Ash Indian Coal.
Major Initiatives …..


Ultra Mega Power Projects(4000MW capacity)
based on Supercritical Technology at various
pithead and coastal locations. Envisaging
Mandatory Higher size thermal units (660/800
MW) with Supercritical Parameters.
It is estimated to commission




10 Nos. units of 660MW (XIth Plan)
2 Nos. units of 800MW (XIth Plan)
12 Nos. units of 660MW (XIIth Plan)
31 Nos. units of 800MW (XIIth Plan)
Major Initiatives …..
•
Supercritical Units of 660 MW Rating under construction
•
Supercritical Units of 800 MW Rating with higher steam
temperature conditions under consideration
Parameter
Main Steam
Pressure Kg/cm2
Main Steam
Temperature oC
Reheat
Temperature oC
660MW
800MW
247
247
535/565
565
565/593
593
The Efficiency Roadmap
Gross Efficiency, GCV Basis
43%
42%
320/600/620
41%
(800-1000 MW)
280/600/620
(800-1000 MW)
247/565/593
40%
(660/800 MW)
247/537/565
(660 MW)
39%
170/537/537
(500 MW)
38%
‘00
‘02
Xth
Plan
‘07
XIth
Plan
‘12
XIIth
Plan
‘17
XIIIth
Plan
‘22
Lower Plant Efficiency in India
The reported efficiency of Indian power plants
is generally lower as compared to efficiency of
plants abroad, primarily due to :
• Poorer condenser vacuum due to hot climatic
conditions
• Higher unburnt carbon losses in boiler due to low
grade high ash Indian coal
• Efficiency is reported on HHV basis of coal (same
as the practice followed in USA) as against LHV
used elsewhere.
Typical variation due to above = 3.0 to 4.0 % points (Approx.)
Heatrate Improvement over the Years
Major Initiatives Contd …..

Member of Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum
(CSLF)

Participating in FutureGen Project of USA


275 MW coal fired Zero Emission power plant

India contributing US$10 Million
Participating in Asia Pacific Partnership (APP) for Clean
Development and Climate
 The Indian Project Proposals in the TF Action plan
 Inputs like case studies & contact details of experts in areas of
India’s interest.

Work on Efficiency improvement of two thermal power
plants namely Ropar and Kolaghat thermal Power station
already started with support of USAID.
Major Initiatives …..
 Mapping of Thermal Power Stations under
Indo-German Programme
 33 thermal units mapped ( 31 thermal stations)
 85 Thermal Power Stations targeted
 Energy Conservation Awards
 National Award for improving performance
of Thermal Power Stations
 Awards for reducing T & D losses.
Efficiency Improvement through
Renovation and Modernization
A COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH ……
CONTINUE GETTING THE BEST OUT OF EXISTING FLEET
NEED FOR R&M – EXISTING UNITS

Improvement in performance parameters – PLF,
Availability, heat rate/efficiency, auxiliary power
consumption, partial loading & forced outage.

Restore derated capacity

Extension of economic life.

Obsolescence & non availability of spares (eg C&I)

Environmental issues/other statutory requirements.

Safety requirements.
POTENTIAL FOR EFFICIENCY
INTEGRATED R&M

A large number of 200/250 MW & some 500 MW Units are in operation
for more than 15/20 years and have considerable potential for life
extension & efficiency improvement
Total No. of
Units
Age
Nos. of Units as potential
Candidate
>15 years
>20 years
200/210 MW Units
(LMZ design)
53
--
53
200/210 MW units
(KWU design)
88
37
12
500 MW units
35
12
2
FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS R&M



Shift in focus from ‘Generation Maximization to ‘Plant
Performance Optimization’ – Older units have many
more opportunities to reduce heat rate than newer
units.
Retirement of very old small size low efficiency units
and replacement with higher efficiency units.
Use of high end technology solutions for efficiency
enhancement to manage rising costs & reduce carbon,
foot prints, e.g.,
Steam flow path modification
Steam turbine and boiler upgrades
Improved plant control
FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS R&M …



Additionality in efficiency improvement
Efficiency improvement as a result of normal
R&M, aims at to minimising losses ( to
approach design values)
Efficiency improvement through technology
intervention/enhanced R&M, targeting efficiency
enhancement even beyond design value.
Parameters For Performance
Monitoring

Unit Heat Rate

Unit Auxiliary Power consumption

Unit Specific secondary fuel oil
consumption

Unit Specific coal consumption

Plant Load Factor (PLF)

Planned Maintenance, Forced outage and
Operating availability
Projects for the Task Force
Sl. No.
Project Title
Proposing Country
1
Best Practices for Power Generation Activity Plan
USA, JAPAN, KOREA
2
Best Practices for Transmission and Distribution Activity Plan
USA
3
Best Practices for Demand Side Management Activity Plan
USA
4
Energy Regulatory & Market Development Forum
5
Trade Exhibitions/Conferences and Trade Missions
USA
6
Hydroelectric Generation Best Practices
USA
7
Combustion Optimization in Coal Based Power Plants
INDIA
8
Implementation of Artificial Intelligent Soot Blowing System for Improving the
Steam Generator Efficiency by Increasing the Effectiveness of Soot Blowers.
INDIA
9
SOx Reduction Technologies in Flue Gas
INDIA
10
Risk Evaluation and Prioritization (REAP) for Maintenance and Renovation &
Modernization (R&M) of Power Plants
INDIA
11
Life Extension & Remaining Life Assessment Of Power Plants
INDIA
12
Site visit of energy conservation and environment protection technology—
Application of Plasma Ignition Technology in Power generation
CHINA
13
Generator Transformer Programs (Inspection Procedures, Diagnostic Tools and
Maintenance)
INDIA
AUSTRALIA
Fly Ash Utilization Record – NTPC
AS A SAMPLE CASE ONLY
Highest ever utilisation of Fly Ash a testimony to ecology
preservation
25
Ash Utilisation in Million tonnes
22.3
19.6
20
15
12.7
10
7.5
5.7
5
3.0
3.7
0.3
0
1991-92
2000-01
2001-02
2002-03
2003-04
2004-05
2005-06
2006-07
Afforestation Efforts – A Priority for
sustenance of HUMANITY!!
Forest Banks concept
NTPC has created a Green wealth of 18.2
Million Trees by Summer 2007
Plantation of 1.25 Million trees around
Ramagundam Project has resulted in
Summer Peak temperature reduction
by 3 deg C
Ash Mound Reclamation and Dry ash
disposal system