Transcript Document

⦿ Results of the study
1909 – September, Elbasan Congress decided on the opening of the
Normal School
01, December, 1909 – The First National Teacher Training School
(Normale) opened its doors
1923 – The Elementary Teaching-Practice school was opened,
1929 – “Revista Normalisti” (Journal), the first issue of teacher preparation
and scientific research,
1942 – “Luigj Gurakuqi” Normal School (named after the first head of the
school)
1945 – Normal School was named Pedagogical High School
1971 – High Pedagogical Institute (College), named after A. Xhuvani, an
outstanding scholar in the field of education
1991 – University status
2015 – “A. Xhuvani” University, Elbasan, three cycles of study (Bachelor,
Master, and Doctoral studies, 340 lecturers, 15.340 students)
•
⦿ Introduction
• To call attention to and highlight the contribution of the
Normal School, “Normalisti” Journal and the efforts of
Albanian scholars during the 1920’s
• Normal School
- an outgrowth of intellectual environment of the period
- a sign of intellectual renaissance
• A. Xhuvani Univeristy
- has its roots in the Normal School
- an inseparable part of the heritage of the university
• Nostalgia for the intellectual atmosphere of those years when
faculty were scientific scholars and good teachers
• “Normalisti” Journal
- Was begun over 70 years ago
- still a guiding instrument in the hands of our scholars
- still providing contemporary ideas about the pedagogical
thought of
the time
•
• To stress how relevant the teaching methodologies and
the philosophy of education of that time are to today’s
educational environment
⦿ Some citations from the
periodical printed media
⦿ Research questions:
‘ It (Normal School) raised the cult and the admiration
for school and education, through patience,
willingness, confidence, responsibility and high moral
virtues’.
• What is in the Normal School and Normalisti Journal that fascinates us in the
21st century?
• What pedagogical thought is embedded in the writings of “Normalisti”
Journal?
• After 70 years, why is the Normalist Journal still a guiding instrument in the
hands of our scholars and still providing contemporary ideas about the
pedagogical thought of the time. Is there any need to update them and
implement those ideas?
• Were those writings a sign of intellectual emancipation?
• Why were the Normal School and Normalisti Journal considered a tribune of
progressive debates and ideas for the development of the Albanian society
in general and of education in particular?
⦿ Conclusions
Normalisti Journal
• analytically defined the methodology of a lesson plan
• defined the forms and methods of the teacher to work with
the student
• initiated and developed the intellectual concept based on
self-demand and responsibility
• made possible the first elements of scientific research
• Promoted creative capacity and ability of the staff and
students
• gave to the Normal School the status of a teaching and
research institution.
• considered by the scholars of the time as an academy, an
institute, a university, of a precious national value.
• a milestone in the history of the national pedagogic
thought.
‘The language is breathtaking, it is still a model of
Albanian essay-writing that should be followed’.
‘It crosses the boarders of a school journal, in fact it
was, and is still a tribune of progressive debates and
ideas for the development of the Albanian society in
general and of the education in particular’.
⦿ Topics
•The features of Normalisti Journal
- Western illuminist advanced ideas, not
only from the viewpoint of school but
also in a wider sense, especially in human
sciences.
- Making known to Albanian society and
following generations the worldrenowned scholars who were dedicated
to the newly formed Albania
•Normalisti Journal hadtwo sections
- international pedagogic thought
- Albanian scholars in the field of
pedagogic movement in Albania
•Normalisti Journal
- played an important role in the
nation’s development of the time.
⦿ Objectives
• After 50 years of communism, in which Albania and
Albanian education were very narrowly defined, Albania
was opened in the 1990s.
• A re-examination of articles in Normalisti Journal shows
that Albanian scholars in the early part of the 20th
century espoused western ideas about society and
pedagogy, such as
• the concept of extracurricular learning and teaching
• the psychological features of teenagers
• concrete thinking vs. abstract thinking
• methods to overcome the difficulties of teaching
• the role of the teacher, the legal and moral authority of
the teacher
• the need for the teacher’s knowledge and passion
• active learning
The qualities of the teacher: a great man that puts to
work not only the hands but the minds of others as well
•
Education followed the principles of the progressive
pedagogy of the western world of the 1930s
•
Lesson Planning based on the Herbart model
•
Field trips
•
Creation of classroom materials
•
Acquisition of teaching skills
•
Students trained to have a certain code of ethics
•
Students taught to pledge loyalty to their country
•
Educated a craft spirit
•
⦿ Literature consulted
• Album Historiko – Pedagogjik, “100 Years, Normal School, 1909 –
2009), Reklama, 2009
• Cliff Schimmels, “A White Paper on Lesson Planning”, 1998 (On John
Dewey and Herbart Pedagogical Principles)
• Elbasani Enciklopedi, Botim i Bashkisë Elbasan, “Sejko”, 2003
• “Normalja në fokus të bashkëkohësisë”, përmbledhje studimesh, grup
autorësh, Elbasan, Silver, 1999
• Revista “Normalisti”, e përmuajshme shkencore, kulturore, letrare,
“Saide”, 1929, 1932, 1934, 1937
• Tomor Plangarica, “Univers i vlerave të munguara”, Sejko, 2002
Timeline
1909 – September, Elbasan Congress decided on the opening of the
Normal School
01, December, 1909 – The First National Teacher Training School
(Normale) opened its doors
1923 – The Elementary Teaching-Practice school was opened,
1929 – “Revista Normalisti” (Journal), the first issue of teacher
preparation and scientific research,
1942 – “Luigj Gurakuqi” Normal School (named after the first head of
the school)
1945 – Normal School was named Pedagogical High School
1971 – High Pedagogical Institute (College), named after A. Xhuvani,
an outstanding scholar in the field of education
1991 – University status
2015 – “A. Xhuvani” University, Elbasan, three cycles of study
(Bachelor, Master, and Doctoral studies, 340 lecturers, 15.340 students)
Foto Normale
Faculties
Dean
Faculty of
Natural Sciences
Departments
Mathematics &
Informatics
Physics
Biology
Chemistry
Academic staff
47 lecturers
Dean
Faculty of
Human Sciences
Dean
Faculty of
Education Sciences
Dean
Faculty of
Economics
Dean
Faculty of Medical
Technical Sciences
Departments
Departments
History & Geography
Albanian Linguistics
Literature &
Journalism
English & German
Italian &French
Civics Education
Social Sciences
Psychology
Teaching
Methodology
Physical Education
Academic staff
Academic staff
Academic staff
Academic staff
49 lecturers
37 lecturers
15 lecturers
75 lecturers
Departments
Business Administration
Finance
Economics
Law
Departments
Clinical Dep.
Infirmary Dep.
(nursing)
Number of students
Number of students
Number of students
Number of students
Number of students
1,597 students
2,754 students
2,671 students
2,565 students
1,664 students
⦿ Introduction
The Normal School grew in the conspicuous and prominent
intellectual environment typical for those years. That period,
for us, the followers of those outstanding scholars is a source
of meditation and indices. Reading, rereading, studying the
writings of that time, you cannot help nostalgia for those
times. Our nostalgia for the intellectual atmosphere of those
years has its roots in the pedagogical thought it provided; it is a
sign of intellectual renaissance; it derives from the need of the
intellectuals for social and pedagogical development. Today, we
lack real scientific scholars, who at the same time are real good
teachers. Our university has its roots in Normal School. It is an
inseparable part of the heritage of the university. “Normalisti”
Journal, not only at that time, but even now, after 70 years, is
still a guiding instrument in the hands of our scholars still
providing contemporary ideas about the pedagogical thought
of the time.
Introduction
• Normal School
– an outgrowth of intellectual environment of the period
– a sign of intellectual renaissance
• A. Xhuvani Univeristy
– has its roots in the Normal School
•
an inseparable part of the heritage of the university
• Nostalgia for the intellectual atmosphere of those years
when faculty were scientific scholars and good teachers
• “Normalisti” Journal
– Was begun over 70 years ago
– still a guiding instrument in the hands of our scholars
– still providing contemporary ideas about the pedagogical thought of
the time
⦿ Objectives
• This presentation aims at calling
to attention and highlighting the
precious contribution of the
Normal School, “Normalisti”
Journal and the efforts of the
Albanian scholars during the 30’
(1920 – 1930).
• The researchers also aim to stress
how actual and contemporary
still sound today the teaching
methodologies and the
philosophy of education of that
time.
Objectives
• To call attention to and highlight the
contribution of the Normal School,
“Normalisti” Journal and the efforts of
Albanian scholars during the 1920’s
• To stress how relevant the teaching
methodologies and the philosophy of
education of that time are to today’s
educational environment
• ⦿ Research questions:
• What is in the Normal School and Normalisti Journal that
fascinates us in the 21st century?
• What pedagogical thought is embedded in the writings
of “Normalisti” Journal?
• After 70 years, why is the Normalist Journal still a guiding
instrument in the hands of our scholars and still
providing contemporary ideas about the pedagogical
thought of the time. Is there any need to update them
and implement those ideas?
• Were those writings a sign of intellectual emancipation?
• Why were the Normal School and Normalisti Journal
considered a tribune of progressive debates and ideas
for the development of the Albanian society in general
and of education in particular?
Methods ????
⦿ Methods and projects
through the implementation of the project: ‘To raise the cult and the
admiration for school and education, through patience, willingness,
confidence, responsibility and high moral virtues’. The treatment of
these topics in the Journal is philosophic, pedagogic, inclusive,
comprehensive, and above all scientific. A lot of citations and
references are from outstanding scholars of world pedagogy. The
language is breathtaking, it is still a model of Albanian essay-writing
that should be followed.
When we refer to Normalisti Journal, though it is written on its cover,
a publication of the Normal School, it crosses the boarders of a school
journal, in fact it was, and is still a tribune of progressive debates and
ideas for the development of the Albanian society in general and of
the education in particular.
Topics
• The features of Normalisti Journal were those of the
western illuminist advanced ideas, not only from the
viewpoint of school but also in a wider sense, especially
in human sciences.
• Making known to the Albanian society and generations
outstanding scholars known worldwide, who were
dedicated to the newly found Albanian scholars and
writers.
• Normalisti Journal: There were two sections: one for the
international pedagogic thought and the other one was
for the efforts of the Albanian scholars in the field of
pedagogic movement in Albania.
• Normalisti Journal played an important role in the
nation’s development of the time.
Topics
• The features of Normalisti Journal
• Western illuminist advanced ideas, not only from the viewpoint
of school but also in a wider sense, especially in human sciences.
• Making known to Albanian society and following generations the
world-renowned scholars who were dedicated to the newly
formed Albania
• Normalisti Journal has two sections
• international pedagogic thought
• Albanian scholars in the field of pedagogic movement in Albania
• Normalisti Journal
• played an important role in the nation’s development of the
time.
Results of the study
After the 90’s, when Albania was opened, we have retaken and re-studied
the articles of Normalisti Journal, we have rediscovered the western ideas
about society and pedagogy of that time, and it seems to us they are ‘new
ideas’. The 50 years of communism have left scares and negative traces for
the whole society. We may mention various examples from different
articles of Normalisti Journal: as the concept of extracurricular learning and
teaching; the psychological features of teenagers; concrete thinking vs.
abstract thinking; methods to overcome the difficulties of teaching; the role
of the teacher, the legal and moral authority of the teacher. It’s interesting
to notice that according to the Journal, the definition of the authority and
the respect of/for the teacher comes from the ‘admiration the society has
for school and it depends on the teacher’s knowledge and his passion’. We
regret that today we have not come to that point to prepare teachers that
love profession, love their students, who are devoted and committed, and
have the adequate and sufficient knowledge for a future teacher as
compared to the teachers of those times.
• The contribution of this Journal is also on highlighting the good models
of teaching and learning, with the focus on ‘active learning’.
International experience was brought through the participation in
international congresses, conferences, publications, various activities
organized in the context of pedagogy in the civilized Europe.
Results of the Study
After 50 years of communism, in which Albania and Albanian
education were very narrowly defined, Albania was opened in
the 1990s.
A re-examination of articles in Normalisti Journal shows that
th
Albanian scholars in the early part of the 20 century espoused
western ideas about society and pedagogy, such as
• the concept of extracurricular learning and teaching
• the psychological features of teenagers
• concrete thinking vs. abstract thinking
• methods to overcome the difficulties of teaching
• the role of the teacher, the legal and moral authority of the
teacher
• the need for the teacher’s knowledge and passion
• active learning
Conclusions
Conclusions
This Journal defined analytically the methodology of a lesson
plan/class hour
It defined the forms and methods of the teacher to work with the
student
It initiated and developed the intellectual concept based on selfdemand and responsibility
The first elements of scientific research were made possible
The creative capacity and ability of the staff and students was
promoted
Judging from the level and content of the articles in the Normalisti
Journal, this journal gave to the Normal School the status of a teaching
and research institution. It was considered by the scholars of the time
as an academy, an institute, a university, of a precious national value.
This Journal is a milestone in the history of the national pedagogic
thought.
Conclusions
• Normalisti Journal
• analytically defined the methodology of a lesson plan/class
hour
• defined the forms and methods of the teacher to work with
the student
• initiated and developed the intellectual concept based on
self-demand and responsibility
• made possible the first elements of scientific research
• Promoted creative capacity and ability of the staff and
students
• gave to the Normal School the status of a teaching and
research institution.
– considered by the scholars of the time as an academy, an institute, a
university, of a precious national value.
• a milestone in the history of the national pedagogic thought.
Foto
Literature Consulted
• Album Historiko – Pedagogjik, “100 Years, Normal
School, 1909 – 2009), Reklama, 2009
• Cliff Schimmels, “A White Paper on Lesson Planning”,
1998 (On John Dewey and Herbart Pedagogical
Principles)
• Elbasani Enciklopedi, Botim i Bashkisë Elbasan,
“Sejko”, 2003
• “Normalja në fokus të bashkëkohësisë”, përmbledhje
studimesh, grup autorësh, Elbasan, Silver, 1999
• Revista “Normalisti”, e përmuajshme shkencore,
kulturore, letrare, “Saide”, 1929, 1932, 1934, 1937
• Tomor Plangarica, “Univers i vlerave të munguara”,
Elbasan, Sejko, 2002
• To raise the cult and the admiration for
school and education, through patience,
willingness, confidence, responsibility
and high moral virtues’.
• A lot of citations and references are
from outstanding scholars of world
pedagogy.
• The language is breathtaking, it is still a
model of Albanian essay-writing that
should be followed.
• It crosses the boarders of a school
journal, in fact it was, and is still a