Eco-Region NW

Construction benchmarking

Sustainable Construction Strategy Workshop

CCI NW, Manchester, 6 September 2005

Ian Cooper Eclipse Research Consultants

NWDA Training Programme

Measuring Sustainable Construction

Scope



Monitoring performance



Critical success factors



Key Performance Indicators



Sustainable Construction Indicators

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Radar Chart & Matrix

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Current progress in UK

Property Portfolio “Environmental Benchmarking” Club

Indicator Systems

All Construction KPIs

Pan-industry data on • Profitability • Productivity • Safety • Predictability: – Cost and time • Construction cost • Construction time • Client satisfaction: – Product and service • Defects

Typical KPI Chart

1 2 3

How do KPIs work?

Performance against each KPI is compared against graphs showing industry norms. A benchmark score of 50% indicates that your performance is equal to that of 50% of the industry

http://www.constructingexcellence.org.uk/kpizone

Headline KPIs

Environment KPIs

     Impact on the Environment – Product & Construction Process Energy Use (Designed) – Product Energy Use – Construction Process Mains Water Use (Designed) – Product Mains Water Use – Construction Process

Respect for People KPIs: KPIs for People Management issues

          Employee satisfaction Staff turnover Sickness Absence Safety Working hours Qualifications and skills Equality and Diversity Training Pay Investors in People

Why measure KPIs?

Remember the KPIs themselves are only the starting point. KPIs are a tool for continuous improvement

                

All stages Planning Design Corporate Social Responsibility

Include Corporate Social Responsibility within business strategy and policy documents

Economic sustainabilit y

For large-scale housing, mixed use and civi ls projects, report on relevant factors in regional or local economic strategy, and how development wil l promote vi ability.

Use the Design Quality Indicators, to deve lop appropriate levels of functionality and flexibility.

Appraise options using whole life costing.

Design for accessibility.

Construction process Finished product Planning Design

Use the Key Performance Indicators Maximise opportunities for local businesses, labour an d training.

Consider maintenance, operational (energy, water etc) and staff costs. Use feedback measure and tools (eg Post Occupancy Eva luation.)

See environment.

Social sustainability

Respond to regeneration impacts required in regional or local economic strategies.

See economic.

Use data from public consultations and participation.

For high density, mixed-use developments plan for high quality public space and safe public transport accessibility.

Larger schemes require affordable housing, and a mix of housing types and tenures.

Use the Design Quality Indicators, to engage everyone in the design process.

Construction process Finished product

Use the Respect for People Indicators Register sites with the Considerate Constructors Scheme and use CSCS.

Maximise opportunities for local businesses, labour an d training Consider staff costs, eg maximising satisfaction and productivity throug h a healthy environment.

See environment.

Encourag e community use of buildings, through the Design Quality Indicators or as policy.

Sustainability in Constructing Excellence: Checklist

The checklist is for appropriate for consideration by all construction projects, whether large or small. Constructing Excellence encourages the construction industry to consider all aspects of sustainability (economic, social and environmental) and to guard against undermining one section for the benefit of another.

Environmental sustainability

              Holistic environmental assessment tools have been developed: SPEAR, BREEAM Offices, Retail and Industrial, EcoHomes, CEEQUAL (civil engineering), Bespoke BREEAM for one-off projects, and t he Checklist for large mixed-use developments. If a de monstration project is using such a s cheme or an equivalent, it passes this section. Howeve r assessment is sometimes inappropriate, so the following checklist could be applied. The Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) provi de a s et of benchmarks for site and building performance that have been used on a number of demonstration projects and that Rethinking Construction has agre ed to use on a further 25 projects.

Planning

Reuse land. Treat contaminated land on-site. Reuse buildings.

Plan the footprint of the building with ecological features in mind.

Consider how bu ilding users will travel to and access the site, and facilities and amenities nearb y.

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Design

Design for minimum waste of materials. Provide facilities for the minimisation and management of waste.

Protect and enhance biodive rsity using the biodiversity EPI. Ensure natural features can be easily managed and maintained.

Specify local and low envi ronmental impact materials (eg use A-rated specifi cations from the Green Guide or equ ivalent and timber from certified well-managed forests). Use the embodied energ y Envi ronmental Performance Indicator.

Optimise passive energy use (eg solar gain). Minimise energy use (eg lighting, heating/cooling, ve ntilation, insulation). Consider Combined Heat and Power and renewable energy sources. Use the operational energy EPI.

Fit sub-metering and intelligent building monitoring systems.

Specify fl exible information and communication services.

Ensure high indoor air quality through effective ventilation, and specifying materials, finishes and cleaning products with minimal harmful effects.

Specify zero ozone depletion and low NOx systems and materials.

Ensure fittings are low water vo lume. Consider rainwater and grey water recycling. Consider permeable design for hard landscaping. Use the water EPI. Fit sub-metering.

Discourage single-occupant car use, through pu blic transport and cycling provision, making the deve lopment safe and secure, provi ding showers and changing rooms.

Consider ease of operation and maintenance through commissioning time and documentation.

Consider daylighting, ventilation, humidifi cation, personal control, and space for well-being and comfort. The Design Quality Indicators consider a range of environmental criteria.

Design for flexibility or deconstruction with minimum waste.

Construction process

Manage for minimum waste, using the waste EPI. Reuse waste on-site.

Protect and enhance existing ecological features (trees, hedges, ponds etc) using the biodive rsity EPI.

Minimise air pollution (dust & fumes) and noise pollution.

Minimise water use during construction, and gua rd against pollution.

Consider transport to and from site using the transport EPI. Consider energy use through plant and site services.

Sustainability in Constructing Excellence: Checklist

Constructing Excellence: definition of sustainable construction targets (2003)

We have s et targets for each of the areas that we are measuring. To begin with, we have s et targets for the first year based on national figures achieved in 2003, and we will revi se longer term targets and milestones next year once we have information about our own performance in the region.

Indicator Measure 2003 actual 2004 Year 1 target 2007 Year 3 target 2009 Year 5 target

Economic indicators

Client satisfaction Defects on project handover Predictability (project cost) Profitability Productivity % scoring 8 /10 or better % scoring 8 /10 or better % on target or better Median profit before interest and tax Median value added/employee (£000) 78 68 52 5.8

31 80 70 55 6 32 85 73 60 6.5

35 90 75 65 7 38

Social indicators

Employee satisfaction Staff turnover Safety Qualifications and skills Equality and diversity

Environmental indicators

Impact on the environment Energy use (designed) Energy use (construction process) Mains water use (designed) Waste – construction process Whole life performance Scoring 8/10 or better Median staff turnover (%) % achieving zero accident incidence rate Median % of direct employees qualified to NVQ or higher % scoring 8 /10 or better % scoring 8 /10 or better Median energy use kgCO 2 /100m 2 gross floor area Median energy use kgCO 2 /employee Median water use m 3 /100m 2 gross floor area Median waste removed from site m 3 /£100k project value % scoring 8 /10 or better 41 8 39 35 44 28 2444 67 43 29 65 40 30 45 7 41 36 45 30 2400 50 6.5

45 38 47 35 2375 62 35 35 60 30 40 55 6 50 40 50 40 2350

Towards Sustainable Construction: a strategy for the East of England

Constructing Excellence, CIC, GO-East & Sustainable Development Roundtable

Constructing Excellence view of Sustainable Construction

Not initially rapid step change or paradigm shift Significant improvement to be achieved over time Annual incremental improvement on business as usual Commitment to continuous improvement Balanced improvement across a wide range of indicators/areas

What landing point should the construction industry be aiming at?

Sustainable Development Sustainable Communities Sustainable built environment Sustainable Construction

Increasing number of actors

Possible types of change

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Business as usual +

minimum change

 Building & Planning Regulations 

Business as usual +

incremental change

 Constructing excellence & S B Code (?) 

Step change

– more efficient ways of working

 Step Change programme, Factor 4, 10 and 20 

Paradign shift

– new ways of living

 BioRegional & WWF’s One Living Planet Sustainability Forum: Framework Group - Vision Workshops

What type of change should the construction industry be pursuing?

Factor 20

large

One Planet Living Factor 10

voluntary

Factor 4 Constructing Excellence Business as Usual High-level climate change scenario

involuntary

Low-level climate change scenario

small

Sustainability Forum: Framework Group - Vision Workshops

Eco-Region NW Questions

How does the proposed Eco-Benchmark scheme relate to existing performance assessment of materials, elements, buildings and firms?

      Can the indus try report the resour ce intensit y o f it s outputs or operations?

Will we be ab le to compare the e cologi cal footprint per fl oor area of a flat in Manches ter aga inst a semi- detached terrace in rural Che shire?

Should we add an ecological footprint or carbon intensit y va lue to buil ding labels ?

Wha t demand will there be for buil ding s wit h relatively h igh standa rds of ene rgy effic iency?

Wha t is the p rospect of "EcoHo me " p il ot projects becomi ng the nor m for new buil d in the Un it ed Kingdo m?

Of what us e are sector-leve l EF, CO 2 , MFA, waste metrics for construction firms?