Utilizing the World Wide Web for Research

Linda Mills Library Media Specialist Greensburg Elementary [email protected]

http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/ index.htm

Why Research?

       Productive member of society Life long learners Develop a deep understanding of a subject Create and share knowledge Speak to an audience Present a well reasoned point of view Indiana Language Arts Standards

Language Art Standards (2006)

5.5.3 (moved and changed-Under Research Applications) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that: --Uses information from a variety of sources (book, technology, multimedia) and documents sources (title and author).

--Demonstrates that information that has been gathered has been summarized.

--Organizes information by categorizing and sequencing.

Examples: Holocaust, Solar System, Lewis and Clark, American Revolution

Second Grade Language Arts

2.5.8 (added) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that: --Uses a variety of resources (books, technology, pictures, charts, table of contents, diagrams) and documents sources (titles and authors) --Organizes information by categorizing it into single categories (such as size or color) or includes information gained through observation.

Examples: Penguins, Snakes, Spiders, Landforms, Biographies, Landmarks

Language Arts Standards

LA 3.5.8 ( added ) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that: --Uses a variety of sources (books, technology, pictures, charts, table of contents, diagrams) and documents sources (titles and authors) --Organizes information into more than one category (such as living and nonliving, hot and cold) or includes information gained through observation.

Examples: Habitats

Fourth Grade Language Arts

4.5.3 (moved and changed--Under Research Applications) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that: --Uses a variety of resources (books, technology, multimedia) and documents sources (titles and authors) --Demonstrates that information that has been gathered has been summarized.

--Organizes information by categorizing it into multiple categories (such as size or color) or includes information gained through observation.

Example: Scientists

Digital Information Fluency

    Ability to find, evaluate and use digital information efficiently, effectively, and ethically DIF is knowing how digital information is different than print information Having the skills to use specialized tools Developing the dispositions needed in digital environment

Examples of student research

        Penguins Continents Animals/Biomes Scientists Space Lewis and Clark Holocaust ABC books

Research Models

        The Big6 Pathways to Knowledge Research Cycle Kids Connect Toolbox Information Search Process Savvy Seven 8W’s of Information Inquiry Stripling Pitts Research Process

Big6

( http://big6.com

) • • • • • • • • • • • • • Information fluency tips Copyright information Locating resources Evaluating resources • Search challenges modules • http://21cif.imsa.edu

Use of Information

Engage (e.g., read, hear, view, touch) Extract relevant information

Synthesis

Organize from multiple sources Present the information

Evaluation

Judge the product (effectiveness) Judge the process (efficiency)

Pathways to Knowledge

http://www.sparkfactor.com/clients/follett/home.html

     

Appreciation and Enjoyment

Examine the world.

Presearch

Develop an overview; explore relationships

Search

Identify information providers; select information resources; seek relevant information

Interpretation

Interpret information

Communication

Apply information; share new knowledge

Evaluation

Evaluate process and product

Research Cycle by Jamie Mckenzie

http://questioning.org

 Questioning  Planning  Gathering  Sporting and sifting  Synthesizing  Evaluating  Reporting

Information Search Process

http://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Feb-99/kuhlthau.html

 Initiation  Selection  Exploration  Formulation  Collection  Presentation

Savvy Seven

http://www.davidvl.org/savvy7.html

       What is the Question? What Resources Should I Use? How Do I Find the Information? How Do I Gather the Information? Which Information Do I Use?

How Do I Share What I Learned?. How Do I Evaluate My Work?

Pitts/Stripling

http://witloof.sjsu.edu/courses/250.loertscher/modelstrip.html

Step 1:

Choose a broad topic.

Step 2:

Get an overview of the topic.

Step 3:

Narrow the topic.

Step 4:

Develop a thesis or statement of purpose.

Step 5:

Formulate questions to guide research.

Step 6:

Plan for research and production.

Step 7:

Find / Analyze / Evaluate sources.

Step 8:

Evaluate evidence / Take notes / Compile bibliography.

Step 9:

Establish conclusions / Organize information into an outline.

Step 10:

Create and present final product.

8 W’s by Annette Lamb

http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic71.htm

       What is the Question? What Resources Should I Use? How Do I Find the Information? How Do I Gather the Information? Which Information Do I Use?

How Do I Share What I Learned?. How Do I Evaluate My Work?

Using Books

 Books used first as a basic of knowledge  Maybe a picture book  Maybe a non fiction book  Maybe a group of books  Background knowledge needed for elementary students

Where to find books?

 Library Media Specialist  Lists of great books  Magazines  Bookstore browsing  Talking to others  Conferences

Don’t make young students search

(especially in the beginning) Doesn’t come naturally even if they are Digital Natives and not Digital Immigrants http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20 %20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20 %20Part1.pdf

 Need to be taught how to search   Need to be taught how to evaluate Need to know what to search for

What? No Google? Instead use……

         Pathfinders Webquests Noodletools Online encyclopedias Directories or Kid Search Engines Reference sites Specific subject areas Teacher sites Maps and Cams

What is a Pathfinder?

      Around since the ‘70s to help library users navigate resources Establishes a plan of action Now Web-based and even more necessary!

Sharable 24/7 Scalable —makes teachers’ and librarians’ advice vastly available Models selection, evaluation, strategies, and balance!

Why Pathfinder for Students?

     So they won’t miss the really good stuff! Promote a wide and balanced range of relevant resources Multiple formats/Displays range of information choices Can students discern quality?

Move students from reliance on free Web or their favorite search engine

Pathfinders also…….

      Inspire thoughtful, comprehensive research Have annotations Select only the best Have broad spectrum of resources Have been evaluated by someone Are entry point to the oral defense

Pathfinders

   Help navigate through a wealth of search choices and resources by developing a path for a student to follow Examples and template for a pathfinder http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/pathmenu.html

My webpage – Go to Presentations http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Libra ry/index.htm

Pathfinders to try

 Internet Public Library Pathfinders http://www.ipl.org/div/pf/ Great sites to try for lots of links.

 Morton Grove Public Library Webrary http://www.webrary.org/rs/bibmenu.html

 Site defines the difference between a bibliography and pathfinder and provides links to both.

 Potamus Place Pathfinders http://www.potamusplace.net/pathfinder.shtml

 From the Cleveland Heights-University Heights Library system. Includes several well-organized pathfinders for school projects.

  Travilah Web Walkabout http://ntweb.mcps.k12.md.us/schools/travilahes/walkabout.html

 Educational Resources which include pathfinders. Excellent site! Joyce Valenza's Online Lessons and Activities http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/jvles.html

– You'll find high quality examples of high school pathfinders, as well as a pathfinder template at this site. Take time to visit all of Ms. Valenza's site. She provides exceptional resources for the LMS.

 Lakewood Public Library http://www.lkwdpl.org/schools/schlpath.htm

– Class Assignment Pathfinders (Lakewood, Ohio) for elementary, middle and high school.

Pathfinders to try…….

Infozone Pathfinders http://www.imcpl.org/kids/guides/index.html

– The Indianapolis Marion County Public Library provides an extensive list of well-organized, well-designed pathfinders for kids. Pathfinders are indexed by subject, as well as alphabetically. Cross references to related pathfinders are included. Book cover images add a great visual connection  Walter Johnson High School Research Pathfinders http://www3.mcps.k12.md.us/schools/wjhs/mediactr/resproj2.html

 A treasure trove of pathfinders for high school students.

 Eduscapes http://42explore.com/ Why start with a search engine, when you can find a pathfinder to fit your needs at 42eXplore? When learning something new, it's nice to have more than one resource to explore. This web project provides "four to eXplore" for each topic. On each page you'll find definitions, activities, the 4 good starting points, and many more links and resources for the thematic topic.

Pathfinders to try…….

Wenatchee School District Pathfinders The Library Media Web pages at these schools have information pathfinders to support state and local curriculum standards:  John Newbery Elementary School http://nb.wsd.wednet.edu/lmc/pathfinders/pathfinder.htm

 Pathfinder Template http://home.wsd.wednet.edu/pathfinders/template_pathfinder.htm

 Basic template used by library media specialists in Wenatchee  Pathfinders, Subject Guides and Thematic Resources http://42explore.com/  An extensive resource about pathfinders and more, developed by Annette Lamb and Larry Johnson. As always, these folks provide a thorough, well-organized resource. It's a pathfinder developer's dream

Webquests

 Inquiry oriented activity  Information is drawn from web  Focus on using information and synthesizing it, NOT searching for it  http://webquest.sdsu.edu/

Noodletools

 Helps develop research skills  Bibliography maker  Helps develop search strategies  Articles about research  Location www.noodletools.com

Pay vs. Non-Pay Sites

Pay sites

 Online encyclopedias  United Streaming  Other data bases

Non cost Sites (Invisible sites)

 INSPIRE--free to ALL people in Indiana  Databases of magazines resources  http://inspire.net

Online Encyclopedias

 Encyclopedia(s)  Atlas  Dictionary  Search features  Videos--Animations--Magazines

Wikipedia

Good or bad?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

Try one

 Groliers ID: greensburg password:home World Books ID:greensburg password: home http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Li brary/encyclopedia.htm

United Streaming

http://www.unitedstreaming.com

 Great way to get full length videos  Great way to get snippets of videos  Lots of images  Can use on computer for whole class  Students can use individually

Premise “If people believe that they have searched the entire Internet when they run a search on a search engine, they are sadly mistaken —they are only seeing a subset of what is available.” Vint Cerf,

Financial Times,

12/5/01

Need to teach students to:

 Evaluate sites  How to be safe on the Internet  How to choose keywords  How to

not

plagiarize

Evaluating Websites

         Author’s expertise Publisher reliable Links from author’s page Reliable pages link to this page Information from traditional sources Updated or published Information accurate Bias in perspective Evidence in support

Kathy Schrock

      Sponsored by Discovery School Rich in grade level appropriate materials Searching terminology Evaluation skills http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/ http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/ evalelem.html

Quick

 Quality Information Checklist  United Kingdom  8 step evaluation guide and online quiz  http://www.quick.org.uk

Cyberbee

 Rich site with a variety of materials  Evaluation guide  Research tools  Web projects  www.cyberbee.com/guides.html

Cypersmart

      Useful site for teaching children how to use the Internet effectively and safely. Learn to evaluate and cite the web sites Developed by McMillian/McGraw Hill Designed for K-8 Includes lesson plans, teacher support materials and ISTE NETS alignment http://www.cybersmartcurriculum.org/hom e/

Great Sites Selection Criteria

 American Library Association  Selection criteria for Great Sites  Four evaluation points: authorship/sponsorship; purpose; design/stability; and content.

 http://www.ala.org/parentspage/great sites/criteria.html

Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

 Information fluency tips  Copyright information  Locating resources  Evaluating resources  Search challenges modules  http://21cif.imsa.edu

Various sites to use

     Directories/Kid Search Engines Reference sites General sites Specific subject area sites Image sites

Links

My webpage: http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Libra ry/index.htm

Find these under Presentations and then Utilizing the Worldwide Web for Research

Locating Resources

         Don’t waste time searching for things Search familiar print sources online Use unique terms Use +, and “” operators to narrow search Search best sites in depth Refine your search strategy Use synonyms Focus on format Search the invisible web

What is the Invisible Web?

    ‘Stuff’ that search engine crawlers cannot or will not add to their databases.

Two to 50 times larger than the visible Web Invisible Web resources often much higher quality than the visible Web Great article by Chris Sherman entitled “The Invisible Web: Uncovering Sources Search Engines Can’t See” in

Library Trends

http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1387/is_2_52/ai_112542832

Websites Explained

     Deep Web refers to everything else.

Surface Web refers to Internet resources indexed by general search engines.

Invisible Web refers to Internet resources accessible only by specialized search tools.

Opaque Web refers to Internet resources that are unlinked.

Dark Web refers to Internet resources that are off limits except to the privileged few.

New vocabulary

 What is Web 2.0?

 Blogs, podcast, wikis, webinar,video broadcasting, music files, photo sharing

Integrating digital content into projects

       Respect copyright laws Use the browser’s find feature Use bookmarks/favorites to organize documents Create an annotated URL list Cite Internet documents correctly Incorporate text from the web in reports and presentations Incorporate images

Remember…….

       Teach research model to be effective Use pathfinders Evaluate information Teach students to be good consumers Explore sites in depth Use site map Important information may be just a click away

Becoming Researchers

 Prepare yourself for change  Teach students directly  Teach the teachers  Propose a research model for your school  Gain administrative support

Last but not least……

Have fun!!!!