Transcript Scottsdale Presentation

Is Zinc The Answer to
Our Energy Independence?
Can Zinc Replace Polluting Fossil
Fuels For Transportation, Power
Generation, Mining & Other
Industries?
Answers By:
Sadeg M. Faris & Tsepin Tsai
eVionyx Inc.,
Hawthorne New York
2-27-08
Harvesting
Food Cycle
Harvesting
Fuel
Fuel Cycle
Is Zinc The Answer to
Our Energy Independence?
• Non-Flammable Zinc Fuel Energy, Beats Proposed
Alternatives such as Hydrogen. Biofuels, Lithium
batteries
• NiZn battery and Zinc Fuel Hybrid is the Anwer is
driver of the Zinc Economy
Nickel Zinc
Batteries
Zinc Air
Fuel Cells
The Proven Hybrid Solution
• Already proven in an all electric hybrid
vehicle establishing Guinness Record
• Combing Zinc Fuel Cell Energy with NiZ
Battery for high power
Hybrid
Controller
We Are Inviting Partners To
Champion The Zinc Economy
• To Sponsor the Promotional Electric Bus Project
• To Invest in two enabling technologies
– eVionyx, Inc. : Pioneering in Metal-Air Fuel Cell technology
– Xellerion, Inc. : Pioneering in NiZn Battery Technology
Electric Mobility Victory Bus
• Range 375 miles
• 10,000 mile Endurance
• Refuelable with nonflammable Zinc Fuel
• Hybrid with NiZn Battery
Experimental Demonstration of
Metal Fuel Harvesting Cycle
Recharged Fuel
Zinc
Zinc fuel
Harvesting
reducer
Power out
For
consumption
Farming
oxidizer
Metal Fuel Cell
Charging Station
Zinc oxide
Recycling
Consumed Fuel Zinc Hydroxide and ZnO
Energy
In from
Sun
EMVictory Bus
An Epic > 10,000 Mile Journey
Demonstrating The Viability Of
Renewable Non-Flammable Zinc Fuel
A Case For The Zinc Economy
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
Energy Historical Perspective
Mobility Historical Perspective
Alternative Energy Sources
Zinc Based Technologies
eVionyx Catalyst for Zinc Economy?
The EMVictory Bus Project
Why 10,000 Miles?
Technology Details
Mining & Metal Industry History
of Innovations
• Steam Engine As Pumps for Mines
• Steam Engines For Industrial
Revolution
• Mining Tools for Oil Discovery
• Nuclear Fuels
Fuels During Second Industrial
Revolution, Edison’s
•
•
•
Food
Coal/Steam/el
ectric
Hydro-electric
All these have
solar origin
Fuels for
th
20
•
•
•
•
Food
Coal/Steam/electric
Hydro-electric
Petroleum:
gasoline, diesel,
kerosene, gas
•
Nuclear
Century
All these have
solar origin
Fuels for
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Food
Solar PV
Wind
Hydro
Coal/Steam/el
ectric
Petroleum
Nuclear
th
21
Century?
Hydrogen. Ethanol,
Methanol
Fusion, Biomass
Many uncertainties
Fuels for
th
21
Century?
Instead of Gatherers of Fuel
We Have to Farm It and Harvest It
Energy from the Sun
Farming Harvesting
Food Fuel
Metal Fuel
Carbon-Less Energy for 21th Century?
Nuclear, Direct Solar, Wind, Hydro
Grid
For Grid-less
Mobile Applications . What Choices Do
We Have?
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
Mobility Means Autonomy
Consumers are accustomed to ~300
mile range.
Refueling in < 5 minutes
This Is Why Case For Zinc Can Easily
Be Made
Why Zinc?
Typical Modern Small Car Needs 150
Wh/Mile
300 Mile range requires 45KWh
At ~$500-$1000/KWh for Lithium. The
Cost is prohibitive and may not fit in
the car
Why Zinc?
On the other hand Zinc Fuel Cell
> 300 Wh/Kg
> 500 Wh/L
Easly fit in cars and buses at ~ 1/3 the
cost.
In Addition, Refuelability and
Rechargeability Makes the
Zinc Economy
Viable
1995
H2 Economy
Biomass Economy
Lithium Economy
Zinc Economy
2000
2005
2010
Why Nickel Zinc Battery ?
> 60 Wh/Kg & > 100 Wh/L
No cooling required
High Current Density
Material Reusable
Lowest Cost per Mile
Why Nickel Zinc Battery ?
By Itself May Beat Other Batteries
But The Combination with Zinc Fuel,
Is Unbeatable
Electrochemical Power
Cells
Open Systems
Hybrid Systems
Closed Systems
Energy Density
>1000 WHr/Kg
Power Plant
Hierarchy
Open System Generator
RefRec Metal Fuel Cell
Closed System
Rech NiZn Battery Pitch 1
E1
Rech NiZn Battery Pitch 2
E2
Rech NiZn Battery Pitch 3
E3
Pg
P1
Power Density
P2
>1000 W/Kg
P3
Zinc Air Fuel Cell Stacks: 10 kW/300AH
Nickel Zinc Rechargeable
Batteries
Hybrid
Controller
Zinc Air Fuel
Cells
Experimental Demonstration of
Metal Fuel Harvesting Cycle
Recharged Fuel Zinc
Harvesting
Zinc fuel
reducer
Power out
For
consumption
Farming
oxidizer
Metal Fuel Cell
Charging Station
Zinc oxide
Recycling
Consumed Fuel Zinc Hydroxide and ZnO
Energy
In from
Sun
Metal Fuel Technology Demonstration
Exceeded 100 Oxidation-Reduction
Cycle In A Single Cell
120Ah, sintering, USC(1:3:0.8)-coated, anode frame sealed by ABS
120
Discharging Capacity / Ah
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
5
9
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
41
45
49
53
57
61
65
Cycle Number / N
69
73
77
81
85
89
93
97
101 105 109 113 117
Metal Fuel Technology Demonstration
Exceeded 100 Oxidation-Reduction
Cycle In A 12 V Module
RefRec Module (100Ah)
120
Set2 Ch3
Discharging Capacity / Ah
100
80
60
40
20
0
1
5
9
13
17
21
25
29
33
37
41
45
49
53
57
61
Cycle Number / N
65
69
73
77
81
85
89
93
97
101 105
109
Why Invest in eVionyx’ Zinc
Mr. Zinc
Technology ?
1.
2.
Zinc replaces carbon
Achieve Energy
Sovereignty.
3.
Zinc Power for Mining
& Metal Industries
Carbon-less Economy
Transportation Fuel
Expand Zinc market to
billions of tons
Zinc Industry becomes
Energy Industry
4.
5.
6.
7.
Key eVionyx Enabling
Technologies
Air Diffusion Electrode
Hydroxide Conducting Membrane
Metal-Air Fuel Cell
NiZn Battery
All Electric Hybrid Approach
eVictory
Car
Successfully Demonstrated Metal
Fuel Cells for Electric Mobility
Time: Oct. 2, 2000 / Location: USA
Distance Record: 334 KM
System: Zn-Air (refuelable)
Vehicle: Modified Honda Insight
MeVictory
Car
Successfully Extended the range
To another Guiness Record
Time: Oct. 11, 2003 / Location: Malaysia
Distance Record: 524 KM
System: Zn-Air (refuelable) / NiZn hybrid
Vehicle: Modified Honda Insight
Zinc Fuel Cell
In The Back
Nickel Zinc Battery
In The Front
Historical Milestones of Human Mobility
Muscle
Power
18th Century
Watt’s Steam Engine
Steam Automobile
1885 Bicycle
Drake’s first Oil Well
1896 Gasoline Automobile
19th Century
1908 Ford Company
1907 Peking to Paris Race
1908 First Model T
Launch of Gasoline Mobility
1960 OPEC Formation
1973 Arab Oil Embargo
1980-2006 Wars In Oil Regions
20th Century
eVionyx Contributions
2000 Metal Fuel eVictory
2003 Metal Fuel
MeVictory
The Road Ahead
EMV
August 2008 EMVictory
The Dawn Of New Era For Human Mobility
Non-Flammable Metal Fuel For Electric Mobility
21st Century
Electric Mobility Victory (EMVictory)
Bus Proposal
The success of eVictory and MeVictory Cars in demonstrating
>500km range is the driving force to
Plan the next milestone for Electric Mobility
Triumph of Grid-less Mobility on the 100 year Anniversary of
the Peking to Paris Race
Project Summary
• eVionyx proposes to use its all-electric hybrid
system (Zn-Air fuel cell and NiZn battery) to
apply electric bus to demonstrate a driving
distance of more than 600 km between
refueling.
• The energy source is eVionyx’s Zn-Air refuelable
Metal-Air Fuel Cell
• The power booster is Xellerion’s NiZn high
performance battery.
Technical Specifications of
EMVictory
• Estimated Electric Bus Parameters
– Voltage: 312V
– Peak Power: 100 kW
– Constant Power: 45 kW @60 km/hr
To Achieve 600 km,
- Running time: 10 hours
- Energy required: 450 kWh
Preliminary Project Timeline
• First EMVictory Bus Project Organizational
Meeting { October x}.
• EMVictory Plan & Budget Ready
• EMVictory Plan &Budget Approved
• EVionyx Canada (EVC) Incorporated and
launched
• EVC Energy Lab Established
• EMVictory Project Execution Begins
• EMVictory Design Ready
• Demonstrate Metal Fuel Cell Module Design
• EMVictory Bus Trial Run Winnipeg to
Toronto June 15
• Begin EMVictory Bus Epic Journey August
from Winnipeg
• Return Triumphantly to Winnipeg after
>10,000 Mile
eVionyx’s Unique
All Electric Hybrid
Approach
All Electric Hybrid Vehicle
Hybrid Controller
NiZn Booster
Zinc Fuel Cell
Zinc Air Fuel Cell Stacks: 10 kW/300AH
Nickel Zinc Rechargeable
Batteries
Hybrid
Controller
Zinc Air Fuel
Cells
All-Electric Hybrid
Refuelable Metal-Air Fuel Cell
e-
eOH-
A
I
R
C
a
t
h
o
d
e
OH-
OH-
Metal Fuel
Separator Zinc
Anode
Fuel Cell
NiZn Battery Pack
• Xellerion NiZn Battery Pack
– High power capacity
– Safe
– Environmentally friendly
– Low cost
12V/50AH NiZn Pack
375 Mile Electric Bus
Design Parameters
All Electric Hybrid System Diagram
Motor
Motor
Controller
Zn-Air Fuel Cell –Sub-system 1
NiZn
Booster
All-Electric
Hybrid
Controller
Zn-Air Fuel Cell –Sub-system 2
Zn-Air Fuel Cell –Sub-system 3
Zn-Air Fuel Cell –Sub-system 4
Zn-Air Fuel Cell
Full System
Full System
– No of sub-system: 4
– Nominal voltage: 312 V
– Total Capacity: 1440 AH
– Total energy: 450 kWh
– Power: 100 kW
Weight Estimate:
– Fuel Cell System Weight ~ 800 kg
– Zn Fuel Weight ~ 1000 kg
– Total 1,8000 kg
Zn-Air Fuel Cell
Sub-System
Sub-system:
– Energy: 112 kWh
– Nominal Voltage: 312 V
– Capacity: 360 AH
Zn-Air Fuel Cell –Sub-system 1
– Power: 25 kW
Weight Estimate:
– Fuel Cell System Weight ~ 200 kg
– Zn Fuel Weight ~ 250 kg
– Total 450 kg
NiZn
Booster
NiZn Booster
– Nominal Voltage: 312 V
– Capacity: 120 AH
– Energy: 36 kWh
– Peak Power: >100 kW
– Peak Current: > 300A
– Weight Estimate: ~ 600 kg
All Electric Hybrid System
Summary
Total Power: 180 kW
Zn-Air Fuel Cell 80 kW
NiZn booster
100 kW
Total:
180 kW
Total Energy: 486 kWh
Zn-Air Fuel Cell
NiZn Booster
Total:
Total Weight: 2400 kg
Zn-Air Fuel Cell
600km Zn Fuel
NiZn booster
Total:
800 kg
1000 kg
600 kg
2400 kg
450 kWh
36 kWh
486 kWh