Transcript EN ATTENDANT LE FORUM…

Pilot PES scheme in the Chon-Aksuu
watershed, Kyrgyzstan
Mariya Genina,
The Regional Environmental
Centre for Central Asia (CAREC)
13 March, 2012
Payment for ecosystem services (PES)
PES – contractual transaction between buyer and
seller of an ecosystem service or land
use/management practice likely to secure that
service.
Payments can be: Monetary, In-kind, Service, Reward
The Chon Aksuu watershed
Downstream activities:
 Irrigated crop growing –
Water Users Association
Upstream activities:
 Forestry – Forest administration
 Livestock breeding – Pasture Committee
 Mushroom/medicinal plants picking –
Individual businesses
 Tourism – Individual businesses
Project goal
To introduce PES and «reward for carbon
storage» to ensure long-term sustainable
use of the local ecosystem services of
the Chon-Aksuu river watershed thereby
improving livelihood of local
communities.
Main issues in the watershed
Water quality and quantity for irrigation use – high
level of suspended sediments, water shortages
1. Forest degradation:
- Deforestation
- Soil degradation in the forest
- Weak natural regeneration
Erosion
Decrease of water
storage in the soil
2. Overgrazing of pastures
Soil conservation upstream
Reforestation
Better water quality for irrigation
Managing the problems through PES
Pasture committee
Mushroom pickers
Forest administration
Tourists
Payment flow
Ecosystem services flow
Water Users Association
4 contracts:
- 1 multilateral
- 3 bilateral
The payment
1.
The Water Users Association pays in labour
The Forest Administration: 10 man/day a year
to help in tree plantation, fencing, etc;
The Pasture Committee: 20 man/day a year
for pasture quality improvement.
2.
The Mushroom Pickers Association pays in
labour the Forest Administration: 30 man/day a
year to help in soil preparation, tree plantation,
etc.
3.
Tourists pay in cash the Forest Administration
the entrance fee in the valley: 20soms/person
(0,5 USD), 50soms/car (1 USD).
The conditionality
-
The Forest administration must:
Allocate 10% of the fee collected among tourists to tree plantation;
Fence new plantations;
Fence important places for natural regeneration;
Work together with the Pasture Committee and the village
administration.
The Pasture Committees must:
- Prepare a Pasture Management plan;
- Follow recommendations on maximum pasture load, repare key
infrastructures to enable the access to remote pastures, fence temporary
some pastures for regeneration;
- Limit and control grazing in the forest areas.
Key point for the sustainability of the overall
mechanism – monitoring
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) plan/group
Coordination Committee
Monitoring of water quality by water users
Next steps

To improve the present PES scheme – by including other users
(medicinal plants pickers, bee keepers, etc), targeting, further
research, monitoring and evaluation;

To facilitate the development of national policies and
regulations on PES in Kyrgyzstan – complementary PES
contracts in Chon Aksu, involvement of Biosphere Reserve;

Reward for carbon storage - in discussion with the National
Agency for Environmental Protection and considering
involvement of national industries;

Learn from other experiences – study tour to Vietnam, side
events and regional conferences;

Replicate the experience and conduct new pilot projects in
Central Asia – interview-based surveys, spread the experience
on various contract conditions, payment types, scheme designs,
sustainability and potential benefits.
Ecosystems
•Improved health of waterrelated ecosystem services;
•Conservation of forest
exosystems;
•Improved water efficiency
in irrigation (in future).
•
•
Community.
Increased environmental
awareness;
New and voluntary bond
between local
communities.
Current and expected benefits
of PES scheme
•
•
ES sellers
Improved pastures and
livestock health;
Improved efficiency of
reforestation, soil
conservation and water
management programs.
•
•
•
•
ES buyers
Improved crop yields and
reduced filtration costs;
Avoided conflicts
between forest units and
mushroom pickers;
Better mushroom yields;
Landscape beauty.
Scalability of solution
The solution is scalable, however there is need for…
Stronger local NGOs/associations as intermediaries;
Commitment of the government at all levels toward PES
through policy making and involvement (e.g. as buyers);
Efforts to improve the population's trust to public authorities
(e.g. allowing the creation of public funds managing cash
payments in a transparent way).
A wider awareness on PES at all levels;
Diverse local experience on various aspects of PES;
Advocacy and learning from international experience (e.g.
Vietnam).
Replicability and factors for success
A strong intermediary organization;
Well-defined land ownership/long-term rent rights;
Sufficient time for awareness raising;
Clear scientific data and assessments on the status
of ecosystems and necessary activities;
The size and form of payment is accessible to the
‘buyers’ and is interesting for ‘sellers’;
A monitoring plan, reconciled with all the
stakeholders, to ensure the sustainability.
References:
Simon Charre presentation, Chon Aksu project manager,
CAREC (9 Dec, 2011)
Some lessons learnt from the study tour to Vietnam (Feb
2012)
Leimona Beria presentation, RUPES coordinator
(8 Sept 2011, Astana)
Sibylle Vermont presentation, FOEN, (21 Sept 2011, Astana)
Perelet R.A. presentation (3-4 May 2011, Astana)
National expert assessments on PES in Kazakhstan
(Nugumanova L. and Kaliaskarova Z. 2011
Key messages:
Cooperation
Communication
Link to
ecosystems
Direct benefits
for livelihood and
ecosystems
MERCI / THANK YOU
solutionsforwater.org
Mariya Genina,
CAREC
[email protected]
worldwaterforum6.org