Transcript Bangor, Wales, UK - DIME | Dynamics of Institutions and

The Co-evolutionary Transition Model:
Advantages of a Regional Innovation
Systems Approach to Green Innovation
Phil Cooke
Aalborg & Cardiff Universities
The Transition Model: Assessment
• Co-evolutionary Transition Model postulates marketdriven emergence of green ‘niches’
• ‘Niches’ merge to form ‘technological regimes’
• Regimes co-evolve with society to produce new ‘sociotechnical landscape’
• Little concern for governance, regulation, subsidy
• Neglects ‘innovative territories’ i.e. ‘green regional
innovation systems’ and ‘green cities’
• It is surprisingly ‘linear’ with little ‘systems interaction’
• Nevertheless, it is really the only ‘meta-theoretical
framework’ for conceptualising a ‘post-hydrocarbon’
socio-technical landscape’
• Contrast with RIS + RV ‘platform’ of Exploration < >
Examination < > Exploitation Interactive Innovation
Europe’s 100 Fast Growth Potential & Beneficial Environmental SMEs
Source: Library
House/Guardian 2008
ISRAEL
Bangor, Wales, UK (2)
• DeepStream develops technology for energy
management
• 3D circuit sensor adding ‘embedded intelligence’ to
electrical equipment and infrastructure
• Markets – consumer appliances, building automation;
‘smart grid’, industrial plants, energy management
systems
• VP with ‘wireless’ device background;
• CEO an inventor, 5 IPRs, €30 million patent for former
employer
• VC – Doughty Hanson Tech Fund, 3i, HSBC, WAG
Ebonex® Abertillery, Wales, UK (10)
• Ebonex is an advanced conductive ceramic product
• Suited to power storage – makes batteries more
powerful, smaller, lighter and longer-lasting
• Markets – vast, but include hybrid and electric vehicles
sector
• Chair & CEO – battery businesses
• VC – (UK) Finance Wales, Chord Capital, Scottish
Equity Partners,
• (EU) Espirito Santo Ventures, Bankinvest
• (US) Enertech Capital, OnPoint Technologies
Bridgend, Wales, UK (14)
• Transforms manufacturers’ food waste, animal
by-products and excess packaging into energy
• In UK 17 million tons food waste
• Thermomechanical (waste drying) technology
produces biomass energy fuel
• Chair –Waste management; CEO environmental
engineering
• VC – Finance Wales, Oxford Capital Partners,
Foursome Investments
Cardiff, Wales, UK
(37)
• Globally leading solar technology
• Derived from innovations in materials science and
nanotechnology
• Advanced solar cells closely approach photosynthesis
• Mobile telephony, laptops, sensors, water purification,
ultra-low LED lighting, optimises low-light conditions
• Chairman – politician (Speaker of California legislature)
• CEO – Solar technology
• VC – 4RAE (Netherlands); Morgan Stanley Principal
Investments (US)
Pelikon (Caerphilly, Wales, UK)
(80)
• World leader in development and commercial application of
pSEL technology
• pSEL technology - Pelikon exploits Liquid Crystal and EL
(electroluminescence) technologies to create pSEL Hybrid
display panels
• pSEL consumes less power than conventional backlit
displays
• Applications for billions of units
• Important link in chain for reduction in energy consumption
• Chair – telecom
• CEO – fibre optics
• VC – Advent Venture Partners
Top European Fast Growth Eco-Businesses In Wales
Pelikon
Kgs Lyngby, Denmark (11)
• BioGasol has developed a technology concept within
lignocellulosic biofuels (2G bioethanol)
• BioGasol has developed proprietary technologies within
pre-treatment, biogas production and a unique C5fermentation for maximum ethanol production
• Using the yields obtained in the pilot plant 1.36 USD per
Gallon is a valid estimate of the Minimum Ethanol Sales
Price (MESP) declining to 1.0 USD/gallon
Fredericia, Denmark (20)
• Leader in construction of offshore wind farms
• Utilises leg-suspended crane vehicles
• Highly demanding expertise and bespoke
technology
• Have 160 employees of which 50 are based in
Fredericia.
VESTESEN A/S wind/diesel desalination
Viby, Denmark (43)
• With sufficient wind power to cover the consumption, the
diesel engine is disconnected from the generator by
means of a magnetic clutch and shut down to save fuel
• During these periods the grid is solely supplied from the
wind turbines (100% wind penetration) and there is no
idle consumption of the diesel engines.
• All waste energy from cooling of the diesel engines and
the surplus wind energy (wind power production
exceeding the consumer power demand) can be utilized
for fresh water production based on desalination of sea
or brackish water.
Stirling Denmark, Kgs
Lyngby, Denmark (47)
• Electricity From Biomass
• Conversion of low-value biomass into
high-value, clean electricity and heat in
small (35-500 kWe electric and 1402,000 kWth heat) energy plants
• Stirling vision is to become “The Rural
Powering Company”
AQUAporin, Kgs Lyngby, Denmark (89)
• An essential building block in the water membrane
technology of Aquaporin A/S is the aquaporin molecule
• Nanotechnology – membranes for water purification
• Derived applications in the field of biosensors.
• Aquaporin's goal is to use aquaporins as cornerstones in
water filtering devices to be employed in industrial and
household water filtration and purification.
SCION : Kongens Lyngby (& Hørsholm), Denmark
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DTU Technical University of Denmark
SCION science Park
Collaboration with venture funds and science parks
Both in Lyngby and Hørsholm, DTU houses Denmark’s largest science
park, Scion•DTU,
High-tech and/or small new entrepreneur businesses can rent office
space
Gain access to the unique facilities and competences of the world of
research.
SCION Eco-innovators: Links, related
variety & niches but no cluster
SCION Hørsholm
SCION Kgs Lyngby
European Wind Farms
AQUAporin
Related Variety
Industry Partners
Classification of Top Eco-innovators in Denmark & Wales
Denmark
• BioGasol – Biofuels
Wales
• DeepStream – Energy Mgt.
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• AtraVerda – Batteries
A2SEA – Wind
• Vestesen – Wind
• Inetec – Biomass
• Stirling – Biomass
• G24 – Photovoltaics
• AQUAporin – Nano
• Pelikon -Photoluminescence
The North Central Jutland Wind Turbine Cluster
Source: Danish Wind Industry Association Data, 2007
Environmental Innovation in Wales:
30 Solar Energy Equipment Manufacturers
PHOTOVOLTAICS CLUSTER
Royce Renewables
PJB Systems
Sharp Solar, Dulas; PV Systems;
Corus Colours, ICP Solar, Jantec
Solar, IQE
VE Heating
Bright Light Solar
LlaniSolar
Sunset Solar
Solar Housing
Sundance Renewables
Thermonax
SB Alternative Energy
MicaulSolar
Solarfit
Solarfit
Kingspan
ICP Solar
G24i
Eco Energy Systems
InterSolar
Clear Sky KDUK
Hydrogen Fuelled Vehicle Firms and Infrastructure: Wales
Connaught Engineering
Tribrid Bus
Baglan Energy Park
The Narrow Car Company
HFC Inventor Sir William Grove,
born Swansea, 11th July, 1811
Conclusions
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Strong evidence that green innovation is regional
Some modest evidence of path dependence
Top Danish innovative firms in Wind/Biofuel
Top Welsh innovators in Process technologies and
Photovoltaics
Hence some support for ‘related variety’
Some modest evidence of agglomerating if not ‘clustering’
Though lack of connectivity suggests only modest
agglomeration, not easy to see ‘niches’, even less a ‘green
regime’
DTU key to KL ‘agglomeration’ (Public support /subsidy?)
In Wales corporate more than university spinoffs (CEO
data, etc.)
• Exploration < > Examination < > Exploitation RIS theory
with related variety ‘platforms’ seems superior in explaining
‘green innovation’ emergence