Transcript Slide 0

Envirepel Technology Brief
July 7, 2015
Envirepel Energy Confidential
Biomass Renewable Energy Facility
“Goes In”
Biomass Fuel (Refuse
Derived Fuel from MSW,
Wood Wastes, Green
Waste, Organic Waste
Streams) 72 TPD typical
“The System”
EEI’s scalable low emissions and
low profile “make a gas, burn a
gas” biomass renewable wasteto-energy system.
“Goes Out”
Electrical Power
H2O
Low Air Emissions
(NOx, SOx, CO, THC,
PM)
Project Construction
Ash
Operating Costs (Staff,
Permits, Maintenance,
Consumables, etc.)
Revenues
Expenses
EEI Process
• Flexible fuel (waste) feedstocks
• Scalable plant size
• Low air pollutant emissions
• Small unobtrusive footprint
• Highly automated control system
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>1.5 tons/day for 3MW
Add-on Process
Methane Gas
Synthesis
Tailored Waste & Energy Solution
• Air & Discharge permitting achievable
• Tuned to local waste streams
• Sized to local waste and energy needs
• Flexibility site location
Biomass facility design incorporates established technologies in new
and innovative equipment designs to maximize reliable continuous
power generation with ultra low emissions.
Envirepel Energy Confidential
EEI System Advantages:
• Near Zero Emissions
– Process generates ultra-low levels of NOx and SOx; thereby, allowing a
facility to be permitted in the most stringent regulatory environments.
• Low Risk Technology
– Utilizes proven combustion technology and exhaust air treatment
equipment in conjunction with a control algorithm resulting in high
efficiency and near zero emissions performance.
• Substantially Improved Efficiency
– Process converts all carbon compounds in the biomass and other waste
fuels, including those that cannot be broken down in alternative enzymatic
conversion processes, to maximize BTU content extraction.
• Renewable Energy at Competitive Costs
– Facility costs comparable to conventional fossil fuel plant costs. With
Renewable Energy incentives, the business model only improves.
• Multiple Market Player
– Facility operates in the electrical power, waste disposition, and synthetic
fuels markets. These revenue sources may be balanced at the project level
and location according to market conditions to optimize revenue.
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EEI System Advantages:
• Near Zero Emissions
– Process generates ultra-low levels of NOx and SO2; thereby, allowing a
facility to be permitted in the most stringent regulatory environments.
• Low Risk Technology
– Utilizes proven combustion technology and exhaust air treatment
equipment in conjunction with a control algorithm resulting in high
efficiency and near zero emissions performance.
• Substantially Improved Efficiency
– Process converts all carbon compounds in the biomass and other waste
fuels, including those that cannot be broken down in alternative enzymatic
conversion processes, to maximize BTU content extraction.
• Renewable Energy at Competitive Costs
– Facility costs comparable to conventional fossil fuel plant costs. With
Renewable Energy incentives, the business model only improves.
• Multiple Market Player
– Facility operates in the electrical power, waste disposition, and synthetic
fuels markets. These revenue sources may be balanced at the project level
and location according to market conditions to optimize revenue.
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Envirepel Energy Confidential
Biomass Renewable Energy Facility
By The Numbers
• 99 TPD
• ~$15/T Tipping Fee
• Wide fuel BTU
content variance
Refuse Derived
Fuel (from MSW)
Wood wastes
Green wastes
Organic materials
~$10M Capital Rqmt
~$800K/Y
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Envirepel Energy Confidential
• NOx:
• SOx:
• CO:
• PM:
• THC:
7.0 lbs/Day
3.0 lbs/Day
2.0 lbs/Day
7.0 lbs/Day
2.0 lbs/Day
• Scalable 3MW
Modules
• 15,000 SQFT footprint
• Warehouse structure
• 12-14 months to
construct
• Ideally located at
landfill
• 2.75 MW base output
(power ~2,200
homes)
• 0.25 MW for facility
loads
• 0.95 Capacity Factor
• Sell at ~$0.12/KWH
• 2 TPD
• ~$12/T Concrete Filler
• Sterile
• 74.8% Silica Value
• 5400 GPD
• Reclaimed for facility
utilization
• Net producer of water
Biomass Renewable Energy Facility
By The Numbers
• 99 TPD
• ~$15/T Tipping Fee
• Wide fuel BTU
content variance
Refuse Derived
Fuel (from MSW)
Wood wastes
Green wastes
Organic materials
~$10M Capital Rqmt
~$1M/Y ($0.038/KWH)
• 834.3 MMBTU/Day
• Reduces Power
Output by 1MW
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• NOx:
• SOx:
• CO:
• PM:
• THC:
7.0 lbs/Day
3.0 lbs/Day
2.0 lbs/Day
7.0 lbs/Day
2.0 lbs/Day
• Scalable 3MW
Modules
• 15,000 SQFT footprint
• Warehouse structure
• 12-14 months to
construct
• Ideally located at
landfill
Add-on Process
• 2.75 MW base output
(power ~2,200
homes)
• 0.25 MW for facility
loads
• 0.95 Capacity Factor
• Sell at ~$0.12/KWH
• 2 TPD
• ~$12/T Concrete Filler
• Sterile
• 74.8% Silica Value
5400 GPD
• Reclaimed for facility
utilization
• Net producer of water
Envirepel Energy Confidential
Basic Open Loop Biomass Renewable
Energy System
Turbine
Evaporative
Cooler
System
Clean Wood Wastes
Fuel Delivery
System
Ambient Air Flow
Generator
Condenser
Combustion
Chamber
Deaerator
Tank
Extended Combustion
Chamber
Selective Catalytic
Reactor
Gasification
Chamber
Economizer
Steam Boiler
Continuous
Emissions
Monitor
System
Ash Bin
Flue
Recirculation
Gas
Stack
Induction
Fan
EAU Primacide
Generator
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Wet
Electrostatic
Precipitator
Scrubber
System
Reclaimed Water
System
Envirepel Energy Confidential
Dust
Collector
System
Low Emissions
Achieved by:
Advanced control of
air flow and O2
concentration.
EEI’s Gasification-Combustion Process
Biomass Fuel
“Make a gas, burn a gas”
Feedstock
Gasification
Innovative
proprietary ceramics
designed to achieve
optimal:
• Refractory properties
• Radiant heat gradient
• Temperature conditions
Combustion
Proven Emission
Control Equipment:
• Selective Catalytic
Reactor
• Cyclone Dust Collectors
• Spray Scrubber
• Wet Electrostatic
Precipitator
Cooling
Fuel near instantaneously releases substantial portion
of the energy that it contains as a gaseous mixture of
methane, carbon monoxide and hydrogen – “syngas”.
Syngas fully combusted in tightly controlled chamber.
H2 gas (from fuel moisture) reacts with combusted
gases to create acids (nitrous, sulfuric, hydrochloric,
etc.) precluding significant formation of traditional
NOx and SOx pollutants.
Temperature blanketing of combustion gases shuts
down thermal NOx production.
Dwell time to ensure complete combustion of carbon
monoxide and hydrocarbons.
Steam Plant for
Electrical Power
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How Does EEI Stacks Up?
Average U.S. Power Plant Fossil Fuel Emissions
(lbs/MWh)
Power
Plant
Type
Coal
Fired1
Natural
Gas
Fired1
Oil
Fired1
MSW
WTE1
EEI
REF2
SOx
13
0.1
12
0.8
0.047
NOx
6
1.7
4
5.4
0.084
Source: 1U.S. EPA, eGRID, http://www.epa.gov/cleanenergy/energy-and-you/affect/air-emissions.html. 2 EEI 3MW REF Process Workbook & Test Data.
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Envirepel Energy Confidential
Perspective…EEI Air Emissions Compared to
Major Source Categories in San Diego County
Average Annual Emissions 2008 San Diego County
(TPD)
CATEGORY
COT
NOX
SOX
PM
ON-ROAD MOTOR VEHICLES1
531.19
100.54
0.47
5.69
OTHER MOBILE SOURCES1
242.67
67.2
3.59
5.99
FUEL COMBUSTION1
21.78
8.59
0.38
1.92
MISCELLANEOUS PROCESSES1
28.07
2.74
0.22
184.86
WASTE DISPOSAL1
0.1
0.26
0.04
0.12
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES1
0.36
0.21
0.02
15.1
0.00096
0.003
0.0015
0.0035
EEI 3MW REF2
Source: 1California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, 2008 Estimated Annual Average Emissions San Diego County,
http://www.arb.ca.gov. 2EEI 3MW REF Process Workbook & Test Data.
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Ultra Low Air Pollutant Emissions
Average Air Pollutant Emissions for
EEI 3 MW Biomass Renewable Energy Facility
(lbs/hr)
(lbs/MMBTU)
(Tons/yr)
(lbs/day)
CO
0.08
0.03
0.37
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Nox
0.29
0.10
1.28
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SOx
0.13
0.04
0.55
3
PM
0.29
0.10
1.28
7
THC
0.08
0.03
0.37
2
Source: EEI 3MW REF Process Workbook & Test Data.
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No other technology in the Waste-to-Energy sector has
achieved these results. EEI Confidential
HDR Engineering, Inc. Air Emission Evaluation of
EEI Biomass REF Technology – January 2009
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Source: “Conversion/Gasification Technologies: Separating the Myths From Reality” HDR Engineering, Inc. Michael
Brown & Michael Greenberg, January 9, 2009.
EEI Confidential
Ash Generation
• Ash, a solid byproduct of the process,
represents approximately 2 percent
by weight of consumed waste fuel.
• The ash is sterile, chemically inert
and resembles fine grain sand.
• Based on laboratory analysis of ash
from EEI’s Test Cell, it has a silica
value of 74.83% and its composition
makes it compatible to be sold as
concrete filler.
• Ash is near continuously removed
from the gasification-combustion unit
via an encapsulated auger system
into an enclosed ash bin sealed off
from the atmosphere.
Ash is a revenue source;
sold as concrete filler.
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EEI
Ash Composition - Clean Wood Waste
from EEI Test Cell (R&D Unit)
Analyte
Silicon Dioxide
Aluminum Oxide
Titanium Dioxide
Iron Oxide
Calcium Oxide
Magnesium Oxide
Potassium Oxide
Sodium Oxide
Sulfur Trioxide
Phosphorus Pentoxide
Strontium Oxide
Barium Oxide
Manganese Oxide
Percent Present
53.76
12.72
0.57
4.03
11.31
2.74
5.68
4.93
2.44
1.23
0.07
0.19
0.33
Laboratory analysis by: SGS North America, Inc., Minerals Services
Division, February 25, 2008
Clean Wood Waste
Sterile Ash
75% Silica Value
National Project Schedule
Start
Month 4
Month 6
Month 13
Phase 1
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Site lease/purchase negotiated
Funding activities
Engineering design and development
Filing of permits
Power purchase agreement(s)
Public relations program initiated
Phase 2
•
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•
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Site preparation and clean-up
Vendor selection
Procurement of equipment and materials
Construction permits obtained
Phase 3
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Energy Confidential
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Mobilization and site construction
Building and foundations constructed
Assembly and installation of facility equipment
Integration of systems
Construction audit
Operational and capacity testing
Test Cell – 3 (TC-3) Open Loop
Biomass Renewable Energy System
• Research and Development combustion system that produces 6 MMBtu/hr
of heat & generates electrical power sufficient to power its systems.
• Built to the definitions of exemptions under APCD Rule 11, it is used solely
to develop the first article systems (hardware/software) of the company’s
first production article, our 2 MW Kittyhawk Project.
• Demonstrates the equipment and software designs work in a facility setting,
delivering less than 5% of the typical stack emissions of a conventional
WTE plant on a per MW basis.
• Monitored and operated via a fully integrated automated control system
allowing integrated facility control & operation, and remote viewing.
Fuel Delivery System
GasificationCombustion Unit
Steam Boiler Unit
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Test Cell – 3 Performance Parameters
Consumes 9 Tons/day
Delivers 75 kW
(limited by turbine)
Produces 6 MMBtu/hr
Ash 0.18 Tons/day
H2O 600 gal/day
Emissions
Pollutants
Average Level (lbs/hr)
CO
< 0.015
NOx
< 0.77
SOx
< 0.015
THC
< 0.015
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Test Cell – 3 Systems
Evaporative
Cooler
Turbine
Generator
Ambient Air Flow
Combustion
Chamber
Fuel Bin
Economizer
Steam Boiler
Ash Bin
Stack
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Confidential
Deaerator
Tank
Gasification
Chamber
Biomass Fuels
• Wood Wastes
• Green Wastes
• Refuse Derived Fuel
Emissions
Monitor
System
Condenser
Extended Combustion
Chamber
Flue
Recirculation
Gas
Induction
Fan
Induction
Fan
Scrubber System
Dust
Collector
System
EEI Test Cell Experience
•EEI operated its first research and
development units (Test Cell-1 and then
Test Cell-2) starting in 2007 in Vista, CA to
demonstrate emissions performance of its
proprietary gasification-combustion system.
•Performance of the Test Cells has met and
surpassed all design goals for low emissions
performance on a variety of feed stocks
(green waste, wood waste, refused derived
fuel (MSW), chipped tires, coal, etc.) and
resulted in the current EEI renewable energy
facility design.
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EEI Confidential
Kittyhawk 4.6 MW Open Loop
Biomass Renewable Energy System
Turbine
Evaporative
Cooler
System
Clean Wood Wastes
Fuel Delivery
System
Ambient Air Flow
Generator
Condenser
Combustion
Chamber
Deaerator
Tank
Extended Combustion
Chamber
Selective Catalytic
Reactor
Gasification
Chamber
Economizer
Steam Boiler
Continuous
Emissions
Monitor
System
Ash Bin
Flue
Recirculation
Gas
Stack
Induction
Fan
EAU Primacide
Generator
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Wet
Electrostatic
Precipitator
Scrubber
System
Dust
Collector
System
Reclaimed Water
System
EEI Confidential
Methane Gas Production – Process Flow
CO2 + 2H2O + energy → CH4 + 2O2
Combustion
Product
Exhaust
Gases
Nitrogen
Water
9 MW EEI
Biomass
Facility
City Water
Other Gases
including O2
•3 MW for Methane
Production
•0.5 MW for
Facility Loads
•5.5 MW for Sale
to the Grid
Methane Gas
2503 MMBtu/day
Oxygen
V1-V5
are readily available commercial-off-the-shelf reaction vessels.
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EEI Confidential
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Analysis
Decrease due to recycling & source
reduction or recession?
• Waste generation at 4.43 lbs per
person per in 2010 in U.S.
• In 2009, there were 1,908
MSW landfills.
• 38% are in the West, 35% in
the South, 21% in the
Midwest and less than 7%
in the Northeast.
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• Organic materials
continue to be the largest
component of MSW.
• Construction/demolition
wastes, non-hazardous
industrial waste and
wastewater treatment sludge
are not included in MSW.
These wastes approximately
double the amount of waste
landfills accommodate.
Envirepel Energy Confidential
Landfill Tipping Fees
• Regression analysis shows tipping
fees increased on average by $1.24/yr.
• From 2004 to 2010 tipping fees rose at
a rate similar to the 1995-2010 period
at $1.62/yr reaching an average fee of
$46 in 2010.
• The Northeast region had the highest
average tip fees, followed by the MidAtlantic and the West.
EEI business workbooks assumes
$15/T, but does not rely on tipping fees
for positive cash flow.
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Source:
National Solid Wastes Management Association www.nswma.org.
Envirepel Energy Confidential
Combustion With Energy Recovery
• Most of MSW combustion currently
practiced in incorporates recovery of
an energy product (steam/electricity).
– Resulting energy reduces the amount
needed from other sources, and the
sale of the energy helps to offset the
cost of operating the facility.
• Total U.S. MSW combustion with
energy recovery had a 2009 design
capacity of 94,721 tons per day.
– There were 87 WTE facilities in 2009,
down from 102 in 2000.
– In tons of capacity per million
persons, the Northeast region had the
most MSW combustion capacity in
2009.
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Permitting MSW combustion
facilities has brought growth
in this sector to a halt.
EEI Confidential
Natural Gas (Methane Gas)
Natural Gas
USD/MMBTU
$15.38
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Methane Gas production
provides EEI Biomass
REF projects significant
ROI potential.
Envirepel Energy Confidential
CO2 Recovery and
Conversion to Petroleum
• 160,000,000 tons of waste buried in U.S. Landfills each year
– Equal to 18,264 MW-YR of electrical production
• U.S. consumption of petroleum fuels in 2010- 166,140,000,000 gals
– 105,034,208,000 gals gasoline (all types)
– 16,720,704,000 gals jet fuel
– 44,387,680,000 gals fuel oil
• Envirepel Energy estimated fuel production rate from CO2 recovery
in TC-3 system (using 10% CO2 levels from Test work)
– 1636 gals fuel/MW/Day
• Annual Fuel Production Potential from U.S. Landfill capacity
– 261,759,901,000 gals or 157% of current US consumption
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Envirepel Energy Confidential
Permitting Issues for Mass Burn Facilities
• Some of major issues associated with mass burn facilities include:
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Ability to meet air quality requirements
Possible conflict with adjacent land uses
Disturbances to biological resources
Disposal of ash and other by-products
Possible classification of the ash as a hazardous material
Use of large amounts of water for cooling (if wet cooling towers are used)
Visual quality changes due to power plant structures and traffic patterns
Transportation impacts from numerous truck trips from refuse source to the mass
burn facility (collection and transportation would already be occurring, so facility
would only cause a change in traffic patterns)
– Likely public opposition because of uncertainties over health, safety, odor, and traffic
impacts (since it is most economical for the facility to be located near urban centers
where the waste is generated)
– Possible conflicts between using MSW for electricity generation and programs/goals
for waste reduction techniques and recycling
– Possible hazardous materials leakage that may necessitate site cleanup
EEI has comprehensively addressed each of these issues in its
design and in most cases turned them into assets. EEI Confidential
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Biodiesel Opportunity
Biodiesel Growth by Region, 2010-2020
Source: http://www.sari-energy.org/PageFiles/What_We_Do/activities/worldbiofuelsmarkets/Presentations/DownstreamBiofuels/Maelle_Soares_Pinto.pdf
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EEI Confidential
Biofuels and Biodiesel
Biofuels Consumption, 2004-2008
Liquid Fuel Components
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Envirepel Energy Confidential
Renewable Energy Cost Trends
Levelized cost of energy in constant 2005$1
At $0.04/kWh
EEI’s Biomass
REF is highly
competitive in
the renewables
market.
Source: NREL Energy Analysis Office (www.nrel.gov/analysis/docs/cost_curves_2005.ppt)
1These graphs are reflections of historical cost trends NOT precise annual historical data. DRAFT November 2005
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EEI Confidential
EEI Compared to the Energy Sector
Note: Does not include revenue from tipping fees collected for waste fuel.
EEI 15MW Facility
(95% Capacity Factor)
Source: NREL Energy Analysis Office (www.nrel.gov/analysis/tech_cost_dg.html)
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EEI 15MW Facility
EEI Confidential
Key Take Aways
•EEI’s game-changing technology:
– Supports responsible and sustainable solid waste disposal
– Provides cost effective renewable energy
– Promotes distributed grid development enhancing reliability and reducing
transmission losses
•EEI has demonstrated its technology through its Test Cell R&D
Prototype Units
– Over 3,000 hours of operating experience
– Performance met and surpassed all design goals for low emissions on a variety of
feed stocks (green waste, wood waste, refused derived fuel (MSW), chipped tires,
coal, etc.)
– EEI design based on actual operating experience
•EEI ready to proceed on commercial project with City of Vista
– Approximately 5 MW gross output unit
– City will be partner and enter power purchase agreement
– Clear path to achieving project permits
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Envirepel Energy Confidential