Transcript Tourism Planning Organizations

TOURISM
PETER ROBINSON
MICHAEL LÜCK
STEPHEN L. J. SMITH
15
Tourism Policy and Planning
Learning Objectives
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To understand the concepts of tourism
policy and planning
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To evaluate the role of policy and planning
in tourism development
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To critically assess the challenges faced by
tourism planners around development,
access, recreation and conservation
Tourism Policy
• Tourism policy is often closely linked to
– Employment opportunities
– Diversification for traditional rural
businesses
– Development of infrastructure
– Development of tourism strategy
– Enhanced quality of life
– Cultural preservation
– Inward investment strategies
Tourism Planning
Organizations
• International
– United Nations World Tourism
Organization (UNWTO)
• National
– National Tourism Organizations (NTOs)
– Destination Management (or Marketing)
Organizations (DMOs)
Tourism Planning
Organizations
• Local
– Councils
• Local authority involvement in planning
includes
– Coordination of different functions, such as rights of
way and access, conservation, licensing etc.
– Planning processes and regulation required for
developing new facilities
– Legislation and regulation, including licensing,
health and safety, food safety and environmental
health
Tourism Planning
Organizations
• Local authority involvement in planning
includes (cont.)
– Entrepreneurship, supporting new businesses,
offering favourable business rates and offering startup funding
– Stimulation of supply and demand through
investment in the activities of a DMP
– Marketing and promotion through a DMP or directly,
including promotion of the area as an investment
destination
Tourism Planning
Organizations
• Local authority involvement in planning
includes (cont.)
– Providing benefit to local communities and
enhancing civic pride
– Protecting public interest, ensuring communities
do not suffer the impacts of tourism development,
but can benefit from them
Why Plan for Tourism?
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Population changes
Changing visitor trends
The nature of the destination
Over-exploitation
Outbreaks of diseases
Congestion
Event safety
Resentment towards tourists
Increase in criminal activity
Destruction of host community values
Challenges in Tourism
Planning
• Managing seasonality
• Converting day trippers
• Managing impacts
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Environmental
Social
Cultural
Economic
Management Solutions
• Tools and techniques
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Managing visitor flows
Carrying capacity
Zoning
Education and interpretation
Encouraging local involvement
Planning Process
(Cooper et al., 2008)
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Recognition of planning need
Setting objectives for planning need
Surveying the existing data
Creating surveys to collect new data
Analysing primary and secondary data
Formulating an initial/draft plan
Developing recommendations
Implementing the plan
Monitoring and amending the plan
References
• Cooper, C., Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D. and Wanhill, S. (2008)
Interrelationships and Classifications. In: Tourism: Principles and
Practice, 4th edn. Prentice Hall, Pearson Education Limited, Harlow,
UK.