Transcript Nuclear Safety Richard McPherson Executive Vice President

UNITED STATES SUBMARINES
World War II
to
Global War on Terrorism
Richard McPherson
Executive Vice President
DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.
www.downrangeglobal.com
World War II
Japan Attack on Pearl Harbor
Damage did not include Submarines
or the Fuel Depot
Submarines diesel-electric
Range 10,000 miles
After Attack on Pearl Harbor
December 7, 1941 order issued by Chief
of Naval Operations
"EXECUTE UNRESTRICTED AIR AND
SUBMARINE WARFARE AGAINST
JAPAN"
WW II Submarines
World War II Gato Class
Submarines
Displacement: (tons)1526 surfaced, 2424
submerged
Length 311' 9“ Beam 27' 4“ Draft 15‘
Test Depth 300‘
Speed: (in knots) 20.75 knots surfaced
8.75 knots submerged
Torpedo Tubes 6 forward, 4 aft
Torpedo load out 24
Escape Training Tank Pearl
Harbor
Qualified in Submarines
Coveted “Dolphins”
World War II US Submarines
U.S. Submarines - 55% of all Japanese
tonnage sunk in the war
U.S. Submarines - 1.6% of U.S. Navy
Japanese lost 1,178 Merchant Ships 5,053,491 tons.
Japanese Navy lost 214 ships and
submarines -577,626 tons
Total Japanese loss 5,631,117 tons - 1,392
ships.
Japan ended war with 12% of her merchant
fleet intact - no fuel to run more than a few of
them.
Congressman Andrew May
To the media in June 1943, upon being briefed
about US Submarines
“Don't worry about our submariners; the
Japanese are setting their depth charges too
shallow ”
May's revelation cost the U.S. Navy as many as
ten submarines and 800 crewmen"
WW II US Submarines
488 War Patrols
52 Submarines Lost
4,023 Men Lost
On Eternal Patrol
End of World War II
"We shall never forget that it was our
submarines that held the lines against
the enemy while our fleets replaced
losses and repaired wounds"
─Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz, USN
Commander Submarine Forces
Pacific during WW II
"I can assure you that they went down
fighting and that their brothers who
survived them took a grim toll of our
savage enemy to avenge their deaths"
─Vice Admiral C.A. Lockwood, USN
US Navy Nuclear Power
1948 Navy Nuclear Power Program
1952 First Navy Nuclear Prototype
1953 USS Nautilus SSN 571 Launched
1955 USS Nautilus SSN 571:
“Underway on Nuclear Power”
Total Time - Less than 8-years
Following World War II
The Cold War
Korea
Vietnam
The first Gulf War
The second Gulf War
Global War on Terrorism
Cold War Submarines
Diesel-Electric
Nuclear Fast Attack
Nuclear Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM)
Fleet Ballistic Missile “FBM”
Submarines
Soviets launched Sputnik in October 1957
Nuclear Deterrent from Attack
1950’s “41 for Freedom”
Deployed first in 1959 (49 years)
Two Crews Blue and Gold
24 Hours a Day “Deterrent Weapon System”
More than 3,500 SSBN patrols accounting for
over 130,000 man-years spent on patrol
USS Stonewall Jackson
SSBN 634
USS Dixon AS 37
Submarine Tender
Diego Garcia, Indian Ocean
USS Thresher SSN 593
Lost April 10, 1963
USS Scorpion SSN 589
Lost May 22, 1968
1980’s Los Angeles Class
National Security Strategy
"Nuclear weapons serve as a hedge
against an uncertain future, a guarantee
of our security commitments to allies,
and a disincentive to those who would
contemplate developing or otherwise
acquiring their own nuclear weapons"
Trident Class FBM’s
Trident “FBM” Submarines
18 Trident Submarines (1981)
More than half the Nation's strategic
arsenal carried by TRIDENT submarines
Less than 1.5 % of naval personnel
Cost of less than 35 % of the strategic
budget -That's a bargain
That's leverage, and that's relevance
Global War on Terrorism
Began in 1960’s
1973 (Oil became economic weapon)
1979 (Iran declared war on America)
1983 (Marine barracks Beirut, Lebanon)
1992-2000 (Terrorism flourished unabated )
September 11, 2001
Modified Trident Submarines
Global War on Terrorism (GWOT)
Special Operations Forces (SOF)
Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS)
154 Tomahawk missiles (TLAM’s)
On patrol about 70% of the year
Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs)
Trident for GWOT
USS Seawolf SSN 21
USS Seawolf SSN 21
USS Seawolf SSN 21
Strengthened sail permit operations under polar
ice cap
Eight-tube, double-deck torpedo room
simultaneously engages multiple threats
Highest tactical speed of any US submarine
Propulsion system ten times 70 times quieter
than Los Angeles 688-class submarines
Hull made high-pressure HY-100 steel
HY-100 steel used in Navy's deep-diving SEA
CLIFF and TURTLE capable of depths in excess
of 10,000 feet
USS Virginia SSN 774
USS Virginia SSN 774
USS Virginia SSN 774
S9G reactor 29.84 MW (40,000hp), one shaft pumpjet-propulsor
Displacement, 7,800 tons submerged Length: 377 feet. Draft: 32
feet. Beam: 34 feet. Speed: 25+ knots Depth: Greater than 800 feet
Four 21" Torpedo Tubes, Vertical Tubes: 12 Vertical Launch System
Tubes, Weapons: 38 weapons, including: Vertical Launch System
Tomahawk Cruise Missiles, Mk 48 ADCAP Heavyweight Torpedoes,
Advanced Mobile Mines, Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUV’s)
Special Warfare: Dry Deck Shelter. Advanced SEAL Delivery
System
Sonar's: Spherical active/passive arrays. Lightweight Wide Aperture
Arrays. TB-16, TB-29, and future towed arrays. High-frequency chin
and sail arrays
Countermeasures: 1 internal launcher (reloadable 2-barrel) 14
external launchers
Crew: 113 Submariners
USS Virginia SSN 674
Covert Strike land-attack missiles from vertical launchers and
torpedo tubes
Anti-Submarine Warfare advanced combat system flexible payload
of torpedoes
Anti-Ship Warfare advanced combat system and torpedoes
Battle Group Support with advanced electronic sensors and
communications equipment
Covert Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance, using
sensors to collect critical intelligence and locate radar sites, missile
batteries and command sites as well as to monitor communications
and track ship movements
Covert Mine laying against enemy shipping
Special Operations, including search and rescue, reconnaissance,
sabotage, diversionary attacks, and direction of fire support and
strikes
DSRV 1 Mystic
US Naval Nuclear Power
TODAY
U.S. Navy Submarines on patrol are
undetected awaiting the President and
National Command Authority’s orders to
launch any type of attack as ordered
U.S. Navy Submarines are conducting
clandestine operations in support of the
Global War on Terrorism (GWOT)
RADM Earl P. “Buddy” Yates
“When the funds for America’s National
Defense are drying up the last thing to be
funded to keep us free is the Trident
Submarine”
Admiral Buddy Yates is a Naval Academy
graduate and Naval Aviator who served in
World War II, Korea and Vietnam - he
knows about America’s national security
Author
Richard McPherson is a Submariner, and
life member of United States Submarine
Veterans Inc., serving as the Base
Commander of the Los Angeles –
Pasadena Base and President of the Los
Angeles Chapter of Submarine Veterans
of World War II. Since the 9/11 attack on
America he has been working on issues
related to the global war on terrorism
(“GWOT”).
QUESTIONS
United States Submarines
Richard McPherson
Executive Vice President
DownRange Global Solutions, Inc.
E-mail: [email protected]