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DIGIReal Architecture
New roles for the model
Dr.Ir. Henri Achten
February 2004, ČVUT, Prague
Molab/Gappa, Faculty of Architecture
DIGIReal Architecture
New roles for the model
Dr.Ir. Henri Achten
February 2004, ČVUT, Prague
Molab/Gappa, Faculty of Architecture
DIGIReal Architecture
New roles for the model
Dr.Ir. Henri Achten
February 2004, ČVUT, Prague
Molab/Gappa, Faculty of Architecture
DIGIReal Architecture
New roles for the model
Dr.Ir. Henri Achten
February 2004, ČVUT, Prague
Molab/Gappa, Faculty of Architecture
DIGIReal Architecture
• Part I: Current trends
• Part II: DIGIReal architects
Part One: Current trends
DIGIReal Architecture
• Current trends in architecture
Part One: Current trends
DIGIReal Architecture
• Current trends in society
Part One: Current trends
DIGIReal Architecture
• Architect between architecture
and society
Part One: Current trends
DIGIReal Architecture
• New strategies
Part One: Current trends
DIGIReal Architecture
• New role of the model
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Increased rigour in form-finding process
• Feasibility tests during design process
• Accurate and reliable costing
• Increased degree of prediction
• Use of CAM techniques
Part Two: DIGIReal architects
DIGIReal Architects
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
Part Two: DIGIReal architects
DIGIReal Architects
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
Peter Eisenman
Theory
• Concepts:
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Some books:
Peter Eisenman:
Diagram diaries
Luca Galofaro:
Digital Eisenman
Jean-François
Bédard:
Cities of artificial
excavation
Artificial
excavation
• Tracing
• Layering
• Deformation
• Techniques:
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Shear
Interference
Intersection
Distortion
Scaling
Superposition
Rotation
Peter Eisenman
Theory
• Artificial excavation
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Site as palimpsest.
• Find traces of history.
• Interpret form and meaning.
• Derive new forms and meaning by
layering and deforming.
Peter Eisenman
Theory
• Shear
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Skew objects
• Interference
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Study interactions
• Intersection
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Emergent shapes
• Distortion
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Transform shapes
• Scaling
• Rotation
Peter Eisenman
Theory
Superposition
• Layer historical analysis.
Peter Eisenman
Method
• Historical reading of the site
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Superposition
• Deformation strategy
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Diagrammatic image
• Elaboration
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Design
Peter Eisenman
Method
• Indexical Time
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The trace and superposition form points in
time.
Movement in time from one location.
Dynamics of the design are forced by
changing perspectives.
Aronoff Centre,
’88-’96
Columbus Convention Centre,
’89-’93
Wexner Centre,
’83-’89
Wexner Centre,
’83-’89
Peter Eisenman
Method
• Diagrammatic image
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Additional elements
• Outside architecture
• Related to project
• Informing and
deforming
Peter Eisenman
Method
• Diagrammatic image
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Add to superposition
• Deform composition
Peter Eisenman
Model
• Diagrammatic model
• Physical scale model
• Computer model
Part Two: DIGIReal architects
DIGIReal Architecture
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
UN Studio
Theory
• Concepts:
• Techniques:
• Movement patterns
Deep plan
• Public construction • Continuous
surfaces
• Diagram
• Non-orientable
• Hybrid
surfaces
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Some books:
Van Berkel & Bos
Move 1-3
Van Berkel & Bos
UN Studio UN Fold
UN Studio
Theory
• Deep Plan
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Connection of movement, urban
design, structural design, and brief.
• Public construction
• Plan results from forces
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Play with influences. End of hierarchy.
• New task of the architect
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Searching for complexity.
• Between art and airports.
UN Studio
Theory
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Hybrid
Manimal
Continuity
No edges
UN Studio
Method
• Analysis site
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Urban space
• Movement patterns
• Analysis brief/design task
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Activities in time
• Public/private relationships
• Concept for the design task
UN Studio
Method
• Choose a diagram:
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Image with multiple meanings
• Multiply, generate, instrumentalise
• Against typological fixation
• Introduction of concepts outside
architecture
UN Studio
Method
• Diagram is not a blueprint
• Activate via format of diagram
• Use via a mediator
UN Studio
Model
Part Two: DIGIReal architects
DIGIReal Architecture
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
Greg Lynn
Theory
• Concepts:
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Some books:
Greg Lynn:
Folds, Bodies and
Blobs
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Greg Lynn:
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Animate Form
Greg Lynn & Hani
Rashid:
Architectural
Laboratories
Greg Lynn:
www.glform.com
Force
Curvature
Multi-type of
performance
envelope
Topology
Multiplicities
• Techniques:
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Spline
NURBS Surface
Animation
Metaballs
Blebs, flowers,
strands, lattices
Greg Lynn
Theory
• Type and instances
• Ideal type notion
• Multi-type of performance
envelope
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Size, position, rotation, direction,
speed are determined by elements
of the design
• Surface results from elements
Greg Lynn
Theory
• When space is not neutral
• When architectural elements are
responsive
• When structure is in a process of
becoming
• …How to investigate architecture?
Greg Lynn
Theory
• Study of architecture via computer
model
• The computer mediates:
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Topology
• Time
• Parameters
Greg Lynn
Theory
• Topological elements are the
result of a calculation
• Topological line is a movement
through control points (spline)
• Topological surface is also
movement through control points
(nurbs surface)
Greg Lynn
Theory
Greg Lynn
Theory
• Spline and NURBS surface
denote influence of vectors
• Multiplicities
• Curvature of line or surface
reflects conditions
• Relations can be studied with
animation
Greg Lynn
Method
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Analyse brief for major spaces.
Decide on computational structure.
Relate structure to the site.
Determine forces on structure.
Greg Lynn
Method
• Keyframe major conditions on
structure.
• Animate and study interactions.
• Freeze and develop one or more
instances of the animation.
Greg Lynn
Model
• Bleb: A volume that appears from
a self-intersecting surface
bleb
NURBS-surface
sections
Greg Lynn
Model
• Flower: The transformation of a
tube to a plane by increased
flattening of section.
sections
Greg Lynn
Model
• Shred: Creating openings by
means of duplicate control curves.
Duplicate
control lines
Surface per two
control lines
Continued surface of other
control lines
Greg Lynn
Model
• Strand: Creating spaces as
bundles of lines.
Profiles
Path
curves
Greg Lynn
Model
• Lattice: Space grid structure
Surface
Surface after
creation of
lattice
Greg Lynn
Model
• Rapid prototyping and CNC milling
techniques.
Part Two: DIGIReal architects
DIGIReal Architecture
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
Frank Gehry
Theory
Some books:
Walker Art Center:
The Architecture
of Frank Gehry
Mildred Friedman:
Gehry Talks
Coosje van
Bruggen:
Guggenheim
Museum Bilbao
Irena Fialova:
Dancing Building
• Concepts:
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Continuous
form
• Surface
• Complexity
• Contradiction
• Techniques:
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Model
• Incremental search
• Physical to digital
model
• Verification model
Frank Gehry
Theory
Architect’s house,
DeMenill house, New York
Santa Monica 1977-1978 1978 (not completed)
Loyola Law School, LA Benson house, Calabasas,
1981-1984
1981-1984
Frank Gehry
Theory
Vitra Furniture Museum, Weil am Rhein, Lewis residence, 1985-1995
1987-1989
Lyndhurst, (not completed)
Nationale Nederlanden
building, Prague,1992-1996
Frank Gehry
Theory
Walt Disney Concert Hall, Guggenheim museum, Bilbao
LA, 1987-2003
1991-1997
www.greatbuildings.com
Neue Zollhof,
Dusseldorf,
1994-1999
Experience Music
Project, Seattle,
1995-2000
Frank Gehry
Method
• 1989:
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20 Employees
• 2 Computers (word processing
and accounting)
• Walt Disney Concert Hall, Los
Angeles project (1987 - )
Frank Gehry
Method
Frank Gehry
Method
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James Glymph joins office
The Barcelona fish
Very fast realisation
CATIA (Computer Aided ThreeDimensional Interactive
Application), Dassault Systèmes
Frank Gehry
Method
• Dancing
house,
Prague
• First building
with CATIA
• Gehry/
Milunic
Frank Gehry
Method
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Sketches
Scale models
CAD models
Verification models
Finalised design
Frank Gehry
Method
Gehry office workshop
Frank Gehry
Start of the
design process
Method
Frank Gehry
Model
Building studies of Nationale Nederlanden
Building, Prague
Studies of “Ginger” part of Nationale
Nederlanden Building, Prague
DZ Bank, Berlin
Frank Gehry
Nationale Nederlanden building, Prague
Model
Experience Music
Project
Walt Disney Concert Hall, LA
Telluride residence
Physical model to digital model,
Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao
Frank Gehry
Model
• Verification
models to
check
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Design
• Database
For:
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Drawings
• CAM
Frank Gehry
Model
Realised building
Verification model
Verification model
DIGIReal Architecture
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Peter Eisenman
UN Studio
Greg Lynn
Frank Gehry
Workshop 2004
• Design of a conference centre.
• Work method of one of the architects
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Peter Eisenman, UN Studio, Greg Lynn,
Frank Gehry
• Explore and study role of the model.
• Final result is design.
Workshop 2004
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Program:
Monday: Lecture, start of workshop
Tuesday: Consultation (morning)
Wednesday: Consultation, short
presentation of project (13:30h)
• Thursday: Consultation (morning,
afternoon)
• Friday: Final presentation (10:00h)
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E-shop:
17:00
11:00
11:00,
16:30
• 11:00
• 16:30
All information on:
• http://www.e-architekt.cz/workshop04