Transcript Broadband Technologies – Trends in mobile broadband

Broadband Technologies –
Trends in mobile broadband
equipment for end users
Ljubica Marković, M.Sc.E.E, Marija Rajković,M.Sc.E.E,
Mirjana Arsekić-Kraković, M.Sc.E.E, Milan Janković, Ph.D.E.E.
12th Conference Regulatory Activity in Electronic Communications Sector, Budva, Montenegro, September 2014.
CONTENT
Review of WiFi technologies
Review of mobile technologies
More Powerful Smartphones
Mobile services and applications
IMT devices for 2020 and beyond
Impact of new legislation- Directive 2014/53/EU
Directive 2014/53/EU - Universal Charger
Directive 2014/53/EU- Radio receiver and antenna requirements
State of play in the RoS
Conclusion
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Wi-Fi exists in so many products
of so many types
Many thousands of Wi-Fi devices: mobile handsets, consumer electronics,
networking equipment, PCs and computing devices and other
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...but more importantly because it
appears that most of us can’t live without it
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Review of WiFi technologies 802.11b/g/n
 802.11b is on its way to the past!
 Most modern Wi-Fi devices operating at 2.4GHz support
802.11g/n (OFDM), 802.11b (CCK) & 802.11 (DSSS) rates
 The problem is that the low rates supported by CCK and
DSSS are incredibly wasteful of spectrum resources
 Some in the industry would like to ban completely the use of
CCK and DSSS, but a more likely scenario is that it is made
optional over a period of time & allowed to go gracefully
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Review of WiFi technologies 802.11a/n/ac
 WLAN 802.11 a/n: 5 GHz; 20, 40 MHz; rate from 54 Mbit/s to 600
Mbit/s)
 802.11ac, the next generation of Wi-Fi is here:



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
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
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Similar to 802.11n but better
Voice/video/data for consumer/enterprise
Evolutionary extension of 802.11n for 5GHz
Plus MU-MIMO & vehicle for standardised Suite-B
Similar range to 802.11n
Faster than 802.11n – realistically up to ~2.5 Gb/s
Wider bandwidth options in 11ac: 80MHz, 160MHz, and 80+80MHz
Multi-user MIMO in 802.11ac sends multiple frames to multiple
receivers
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Review of WiFi technologies –
802.11ad
 WLAN 802.11 ad: use of 60GHz, very high rate
( >1Gb/s) , beam formed, room area networking:
 About 7 GHz of spectrum available (varies by country)
 Can go very fast even with only one RF chain
 Potential for lower cost and lower energy per bit
 5mm wavelength and multiple (<64) antennas can
beamform for more range & less interference
 Room area networking : easily blocked by humans,
whiteboards, books, wall & concrete
 Potential applications : wireless docking , wireless
peripherals, Sync’n’go, HDMI replacement , WLAN
applications so that our workplace of the future is wire free
(except maybe the power cable)
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Review of WiFi technologies –
802.11ah
WLAN 802.11ah: focused on applications below 1
GHz for lower power/rates & longer range:
 Spectrum in Europe: 868-868.6 MHz,
 Channel width: 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 MHz
 Rate: > 100kb/s (less than traditional 802.11)
 Range < 1km
 new functionality: support for a large number of
stations, power saving enhancements, channel access
enhancements, throughput enhancements
Commercial chips from 2015.
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Review of WiFi technologies –
802.11af
 802.11af defines operations in TV White Space bands (the
repacking of TV bands in many countries has resulted in
opportunity for new unlicensed spectrum:
 New rules are being designed to protect existing users from interference from
unlicensed devices (e.g. digital TV and wireless microphones)
 Uses a database to avoid interfering with primary users: geolocation data base
contains info about protected users; it will be able to authorise the use of a
channel at a particular time, location & power for unlicensed operation)
 Spectrum : 470-698 MHz (UHF), VHF varies by country
 Channel width: 6, 7, 8 MHz (vs 20/40 MHz in 802.11n), scaled to TV channel
bandwidths
 Rate: Less than traditional 802.11 due to narrow channels
 Range : More (3.5x) than traditional 802.11 due to superior propagation of TVWS
 Regulations are not yet in place in most/all countries
 Likely some of today’s TVWS will be allocated to cellular In Europe, more is being
used for cellular and DTTV than expected
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Review of WiFi technologies –
802.11ax- HEW
 802.11 HEW SG has been discussing drivers, environments & applications
for Wi-Fi “next gen”:
 Increased usage of mobile devices: in dense environments and outdoors
 Evolution of Wi-Fi application:
 More uplink traffic
 More peer to peer operation
 Higher per user throughput
 Environments: enterprise, office, hotspots in public places, outdoor
hotspots, home/apartments, campus, airplane/bus/train/ship
 New applications: small wireless docking, unified communications, display
sharing, cloud computing, video distribution, Progressive streamingUser
Generated Content (UGC) Upload & Sharing, interactive gaming and realtime video analytics
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My life without a Smartphone?
Mobile World
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Review of mobile technologies (1)
 Mobile access :
 2G:
– GSM CSD (Circuit Switched Data): up/down 9.6 kbit/s
– GSM CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data): up/down 19.2 kbit/s
– 2.5G – GSM GPRS (General Packet Radio Service):
up/down 56-115 kbit/s
– 2.75G – GSM EDGE (Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution):
up/down 237 kbit/s
 3G:
– UMTS WCDMA: up/down 0.4 Mbit/s
– UMTS HSPA (High Speed Packet Access): up 5.8 Mbit/s
down 14.4 Mbit/s
– UMTS TDD: up/down 16 Mbit/s
– GSM EDGE Evolution: up 0.7 Mbit/s, down 1.6 Mbit/s
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Review of mobile technologies (2)
 4G:
–
–
–
–
–
HSPA+: up 5.8-168 Mbit/s, down 21-672 Mbit/s
LTE: up 50-75 Mbit/s, down 100-300 Mbit/s
LTE Advanced: up/dоwn 100 Mbit/s (movment) or up 1000 Mbit/s (stationary)
802.16e Mobile WiMAX: up 17 Mbit/s, down 37 Mbit/s
802.16m Mobile WiMAX (WirelessMAN –Advanced): up 376 Mbit/s, down 365 Mbit/s
 Mobile handsets available with combination of GSM 900/DCS 1800/
UMTS 900(FDD VIII)/UMTS 2100(FDD I)/LTE 900(FDD VIII)/LTE 1800(FDD III)/
LTE 2100(FDD I)/LTE2600(FDD VII) frequencies
 Europe has seen a significant technology shift in recent years, with the proportion
of 3G handsets increasing sharply. From around a fifth of total handsets in 2008,
3G devices now account for over half of all devices in Europe, a figure that we
expect to peak at almost 61% in 2015.
 LTE devices today represent only a small proportion of devices, at just 0.3% at the
end of 2012.
 LTE network coverage slowly improves and the price of 4G devices declines
further, LTE should account for 20% of total devices by 2017.
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Review of mobile technologies (3)
 Rolling out mobile broadband in Europe using the 800MHz band will make a
significant contribution to economic growth
 BCG suggests it could add €119B to EU GDP in the period out to 2020 as well as
contributing a further €23B to public funding during this period.
 The GDP impact comes from a range of factors:
 the creation of new business activities
 improved productivity for businesses accessing and using the internet
 the revenues and network investment from the mobile operators themselves.
 Additional challenges for countries who delay the release of spectrum to cause
interference in neighboring countries.
 Benefits will be substantially reduced if the countries with derogations delay
releasing this spectrum until 2017, which could reduce:
 the overall GDP benefit in 2020 by €16B (a 13% reduction compared to the base
case) and the tax benefit by €3B.
 the number of new jobs created would fall by 67,000 and the number of number
of new businesses by 26,000
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More Powerful Smartphones
 The European mobile industry is one of the most successful in the
world and has a strong track record in innovation and developing
new services.
 Smartphones are becoming far more powerful than the desktops
of just a few years ago.
 Competition and price cuts have increased the affordability of
mobile services for consumers, leading to penetration rates in
terms of both unique subscribers and smartphones that are
amongst the highest in the world.
 EU institutions and the mobile industry have a common agenda
namely building a Connected Europe which:
 Encourages investment in mobile connectivity
 Enables innovation in new content and services
 Builds consumer confidence in mobile services and applications
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Mobile Services and applications (1)
 More advanced computing capability and connectivity, typically include
the features of a computer with those of another popular consumer
device, such as a personal digital assistant (PDA), a media player, a digital
camera, direct Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, SRD (5725-5875 MHz) and/or a GPS
navigation unit
 Later smartphones include all of those plus the features of a touchscreen
computer, including web browsing, 3rd-party apps, motion sensors and
mobile payment
 Currently, about 80% of handset sales worldwide are for devices driven
by Google‘s Android and Apple‘s iOS mobile operating systems
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Mobile services and applications (2)
 Third Wave opens up opportunities for a range of
new services:
 mCommerce: ticketing, payments,access control,
couponing
 mEducation: learning solutions
 mHealth:care remotely,wellness and prevention,
chronic desease menagement, diagnosis
 mAutomotive: eCall
 Smart Cities: Climate Street, fire brigade, police,
traffic management
 mIdentity: accessing personal data securely,
banking and financial services, signing documents
on the go, mobile voting, access to eGovernment
services (e.g. pensions, social security payments),
birth/life events registration (e.g. birth, death,
marriage certificates), unlocking secure premises
etc.
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Mobile services and applications (3)
 ”Mobile payments” is a broad concept and it can refer to
different things including:




premium SMS based transactional payments
direct mobile billing
Mobile web payments (WAP)
contactless payments (Near Field Communication –NFC payments)
 One of the key enablers of mCommerce is SIM-enabled Near
Field Communications:
 (NFC) - a contactless radio technology that can transmit data between two
devices within a few centimetres of each other. NFC 13,56 MHz chips are now
being embedded into mobile phones, enabling an array of new digital services
 NFC mobile services deployed in a number of French cities (Nice, Strasbourg)
 Swedish mobile operators Telia, Tele2, Telenor and Three have launched
“WyWallet”
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IMT devices for 2020 and beyond
The high-level requirements of future IMT devices :
 very high system capacity and extremely high data rates
 massive deployment of ubiquitous machine-type devices
connectivity
 variety of applications and environments
 reduced cost, best ever/better energy saving and system
robustness
 high-level of security
 more efficient spectrum utilization
 enhanced self-awareness and self-adaptability
 very high mobility with a high level of user experience
 very low latency and higher reliability
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Impact of new legislation Directive 2014/53/EU
 Facilitate access to market
 2014/53/EU: Radio Equipment Directive (RED):
Member states no longer required to notify interfaces which:
a) Are covered by a Commission Decision under 676/2002/EC (Radio
Spectrum Decision), or
b) Correspond to a class of equivalent interfaces that can be used anywhere
in the Union (specified via implementing act)
 Manufacturers no longer required to inform Member State before
placing on the market equipment that uses non-harmonised spectrum
 Manufacturer to check in EFIS if frequencies are available
 Frequency & power to be included in user instructions
 No ‘Alert symbol’
 Requirements to be invoked as necessary: ....“can only load compliant
software”
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Directive 2014/53/EU Universal Charger
 Directive includes specific requirements for Universal
Charger as the essential requirements
 In particular, mobile phones that are made available on the
market should be compatible with a common charger
 Interoperability between radio equipment and accessories
such as chargers simplifies the use of radio equipment and
reduces unnecessary waste and costs
 A renewed effort to develop a common charger for
particular categories or classes of radio equipment is
necessary, in particular for the benefit of consumers and
other end-users
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Directive 2014/53/EU- Radio receiver
and antenna requirements (1)
 Increased emphasis on efficient use of spectrum, in
particular by improving radio receiver requirements
 Clear scope (but still some boundaries: purpose of spectrum
use)
 Technical support relating to performance of antennas of
mobile phones
 Sensitivity varies significantly between phone models
 Higher Performance antennas requirements (B2B)
 Need to ensure it will not increase SAR exposure (vulnerable
consumers)
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Directive 2014/53/EU- Radio receiver
and antenna requirements (2)
 Revision of Harmonised Standards to provide presumption of
conformity with R&TTE (RED) to ensure enhanced receiver
requirements
 A labelling scheme appeared more problematic
 There was no clear consensus whether such a label would be
well understood by consumers, although certain Member
States considered that such a scheme would be important to
improve transparency for consumers
 Other member states pointed to network coverage as being a
strong contributing factor to problems experienced by users,
and emphasised the work undertaken in CEPT to harmonise
the harmonisation of methods to assess licensing conditions
for coverage
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State of play in the Republic of Serbia (1)
 In total revenues in the
electronic communications in the
RoS in 2013, the largest share in
total income has been realized
from the provision of mobile
telephony services in the
amount of 878 million EUR,
which represents 57% of total
revenue.
 The largest share in terms of
investments in the telecom
market in SEE went once again to
mobile telephony with 60.4%.
Source: RATEL -An Overview of Telecom Market in the Republic of Serbia in 2013
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State of play in the Republic of Serbia(2)
Import of products by value in mil.EUR
Vendors by value in %
30%
20%
10%
Samsung
Rest
Nokia
Cisco
Huawei
LG
Asus
HP
Sony
ZTE
Toshiba
0%
The countries from which the imports, the value of the mil.EUR
250000000
200000000
150000000
100000000
50000000
0
China
Korea
Vietnam Slovakia
India
Germany
Taiwan
Hungary
Source: Chember of Commerce and Industry od Serbia
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Conclusion
 The third wave of mobile connecting almost anything and anyone
presents an opportunity to drive growth and innovation
 Building consumer confidence and trust in mobile services and
applications
 Helping consumer choices: meaningful & consistent rules for all services
 Network and information security: focus on cooperation at international
level
 Data protection: need for consistent privacy experiences
 Protect children from the risks that come with increased access to the
Internet, mobile operators should working closely with governments and
NGOs to empower them to take appropriate action when required.
The race starts now !
Ready?
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Thank you for your attention
Regulatory Agency for Electronic Communications
and Postal Services
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