Transcript FCC presentation at 6th TLEP WS
Future Circular Collider (FCC) Study
M. Benedikt
gratefully acknowledging input from FCC global design study team
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Outline
• • • •
Introduction, motivation, scope Parameters & design challenges Study organization and status Summary
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Summary: European Strategy Update 2013
Design studies and R&D at the energy frontier
….“to propose an ambitious
post-LHC accelerator project at CERN
by the time of the next Strategy update”:
d) CERN should undertake design studies for
accelerator projects in a global context,
• • •
with emphasis on proton-proton and electron-positron high- energy frontier machines.
These design studies should be coupled to a vigorous accelerator
R&D programme, including high-field magnets and high-
gradient accelerating structures,
in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide.
•
http://cds.cern.ch/record/1567258/files/esc-e-106.pdf
strategy adopted at Brussels in May 2013, during exceptional session of the CERN Council in presence of the European Commission
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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• • •
Future Circular Collider Study - SCOPE CDR and cost review for the next ESU (2018)
Forming an international collaboration to study:
•
pp-collider (FCC-hh)
main emphasis, defining infrastructure requirements
~20 T
100 TeV pp in 80 km 80-100 km infrastructure
in Geneva area
e
+
e
collider (FCC-ee)
as potential intermediate step
p-e (FCC-he) option Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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CepC/SppC study (CAS-IHEP), CepC of 2014, e
+
e
-
CDR end collisions ~2028; pp collisions ~2042
Qinhuangdao (
秦皇岛）
CepC, SppC 54 km 70 km
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Yifang Wang th January 2015
“Chinese Toscana”
5
Previous studies in Italy (ELOISATRON
300km
), USA (SSC
87km
, VLHC
233km
), Japan (TRISTAN-II
94km
)
ex. ELOISATRON
Superdetectors: 25th Workshops Supercolliders Proceedings of the 19th and of the INFN Eloisatron Project
ex. SSC ex. TRISTAN
Tristan-II Exploit synergies with other projects and prev. studies
ex. VLHC
VLHC Design Study Group Collaboration
June 2001
. 271 pp.
SLAC-R-591, SLAC-R-0591, SLAC-591, SLAC-0591, FERMILAB-TM-2149 http://www.vlhc.org
/ SSC Low Energy Component Prototypes
option 1
Synchrotron, IEEE Press, 1997
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC hadron collider motivation: pushing the energy frontier
• • •
Seems the only approach to reach the 100 TeV c.m. range in the coming decades. Access to new particles (direct production) in the few TeV to 30 TeV mass range , far beyond LHC reach.
Much-increased rates for phenomena in the sub-TeV mass range →increased precision w.r.t. LHC and possibly ILC
M. Mangano
The name of the game of a hadron collider is energy reach
𝐸 ∝ 𝐵
𝑑𝑖𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑒
× 𝜌
𝑏𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔
Cf. LHC: factor 3-4 in radius, factor 2 in field
factor 7-8 E Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC-hh integration and options
LHC Geneva SPS PS LHC 27 km, 8.33 T 14 TeV (c.m.) “HE-LHC” 27 km,
20 T
33 TeV (c.m.) L. Bottura B. Strauss FCC-hh (alternative) 80 km,
20 T
100 TeV (c.m.) FCC-hh (baseline) 100 km,
16 T
100 TeV (c.m.)
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Hadron collider FCC-hh parameters
• • • • • • • • • • • • •
Energy Circumference Dipole field (50 TeV) Dipole field (3 TeV inject.) 100 TeV c.m
.
~ 100 km (baseline) [80 km option] ~ 16 T (baseline) [20 T option] ~ 1 T (baseline) [1.2 T option] Bunch spacing
Bunch population (25 ns) Emittance normalised #bunches
Stored beam energy 25 ns [5 ns option]
1x10 11 p 2.15x10
10500 -6 m, normal.
8.2 GJ/beam
Available from SPS/LHC today
3 TeV injector baseline for FCC-hh
# Interaction Points b *
Luminosity
2 main experiments 1.1 m [baseline]
5x10 34 cm -2 s -1
[baseline]
Synchroton radiation arc ~30 W/m/aperture (fill. fact. ~78% in arc) Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Preliminary layout
First layout developed (different sizes under investigation) Collider ring design (lattice/hardware design) Site studies Injector studies Machine detector interface Input for lepton option Will need iterations
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Site study 93 km example
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015 Preliminary conclusions: • 93km fits geological situation really well, likely better than a smaller ring size.
• 100km tunnel seems also well compatible with geological considerations.
• The LHC could be used as an injector J. Osborne & C. Cook
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FCC-hh: high-field magnet R&D
•
FHC baseline is 16T Nb 3 Sn technology for ~100 TeV c.m. in ~100 km
-
Develop Nb 3 Sn-based 16 T dipole technology (at 4.2 K?)
, conductor developments short models with sufficient aperture (40 – 50 mm) and accelerator features (margin, field quality, protect-ability, cycled operation).
Goal: 16T short dipole models by 2018/19 (America, Asia, Europe)
•
In parallel HTS development targeting 20 T (option and longer term) Goal: Demonstrate HTS/LTS 20 T dipole technology
: • 5 T insert (EuCARD2), ~40 mm aperture and accelerator features • Outsert of large aperture ~100 mm, (FRESCA2 or other)
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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20 T: Nb-Ti & Nb 3 Sn & HTS
high-field dipole magnets
Arc magnet system will be the major cost factor for FCC-hh
“hybrid magnets” example block-coil layout
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015 only a quarter is shown L. Rossi, E. Todesco, P. McIntyre
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SC magnets for detectors
Need BL 2 ~10 x ATLAS/CMS for 10% muon momentum resolution at 10-20 TeV.
Solenoid: B=5T, R in =5-6m, L=24m
> 5000 m 3 of Fe in return joke
size is x2 CMS. Stored energy: ~ 50 GJ
alternative: thin (twin) lower-B solenoid at larger R to capture return flux of main solenoid
Forward dipole à la LHCb: B~10 Tm
F. Gianotti, H. Ten Kate
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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•
FCC-hh: some design challenges
Stored beam energy: 8 GJ/beam (0.4 GJ LHC) = 16 GJ total
equivalent to an Airbus A380 (560 t) at full speed (850 km/h)
Collimation, beam loss control, radiation effects: very important Injection/dumping/beam transfer: very critical operations Magnet/machine protection: to be considered from early phase Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Synchrotron radiation of protons
At 50 TeV even protons radiate significantly Critical energy 4.3keV, close to B-factory Protons loose energy
Radiation damping
Emittance improves with time Useful for lumi levelling?
• Transverse damping time ~1 hour
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Synchrotron radiation/beam screen
High synchrotron radiation load (SR): ~30 W/m/beam (@16 T)
5 MW total in arcs
(LHC <0.2W/m, total heat load 1W/m) • • • •
Beam screen to capture SR and “protect” cold mass Power mostly cooled at beam screen temperature; Only minor part going to magnets at 2 – 4 K Optimisation of temperature, space, vacuum, impedance, e-cloud required.
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
contributions: beam screen radiation)
• •
Contributions to cryo load: beam screen (BS) & cold bore (BS heat radiation) At 1.9 K cm optimum BS temperature range: 50-100 K; But impedance increases with temperature
instabilities 40-60 K favoured by vacuum & impedance considerations
100 MW refrigerator power on cryo plant
P. Lebrun, L. Tavian
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Lepton collider FCC-ee
• Here the name of the game is
luminosity: as many collisions as possible
high beam current, small beam size.
• The energy reach of circular e+e- colliders is limited due to synchrotron radiation of charged particles on curved trajectory: D
E
∝
(E kin /m 0 ) 4 /
r m prot = 2000 m electr
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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Lepton collider FCC-ee parameters
•
Design choice: max. synchrotron radiation power 50 MW/beam
• Defines the max. beam current at each energy • 4 Physics working points • Optimization at each energy (bunch number & current, etc).
Parameter E/beam (GeV) I (mA)
Bunches/beam Bunch popul. [10 11 ]
Z 45 1450
16700 1.8
28.0
WW 80 152
4490 0.7
12.0
H 120 30
1360 0.46
6.0
tt bar 175 6.6
98 1.4
1.7
LEP2 104 3
4 4.2
0.012
L/IP (10 34 cm -2 s -1 ) • Large number of bunches at Z and WW and H requires 2 rings.
• High luminosity means short beam lifetime (few mins) and requires continues injection.
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC-ee: RF parameters and R&D
• • •
Synchrotron radiation power: 50 MW per beam Energy loss per turn: up to 7.5 GeV (at 175 GeV, t)
• • System dimension compared to LHC:
LHC 400 MHz
2 MV and ~250 kW per cavity, (8 cavities per beam) FCC-ee: ~600 cavities 20 MV / 180 kW RF
12 GV / 100 MW
•
R&D Goal is optimization of overall system efficiency and cost!
1. SC cavity R&D
•
large
𝑄 0
, high gradient, acceptable cryo power!
Recent promising results at 4 K with Nb3Sn coating on Nb at Cornell, • 800 ℃ ÷ 1400 ℃ heat treatment JLAB, beneficial effect of impurities FNAL.
2. High efficiency RF power generation from electrical grid to beam
• Amplifier technologies • Klystron efficiencies >65%, alternative RF sources as solid state amplifier, etc.
3. High reliability Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC-ee top-up injector
Beside the collider ring(s), a booster of the same size (same tunnel) must provide beams for top-up injection o o o o same RF voltage, but low power (~ MW) top up frequency ~0.1 Hz booster injection energy ~5-20 GeV bypass around the experiments injector complex for e + and e beams of 10-20 GeV o Super-KEKB injector ~ almost suitable
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015 A. Blondel
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RF?
FCC-ee preliminary layout
INJ + RF EXP + RF INJ + RF RF? COLL + EXTR + RF COLL + EXTR + RF RF? EXP + RF EXP + RF Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
EXP + RF RF? 23
• • • •
FCC study status
Study launched at FCC kick-off meeting in Feb. 2014 Presently forming a global collaboration based on general MoU between CERN and individual partners. Specific addenda for each participant.
First international collaboration board meeting on 9. and 10. September 2014 at CERN. Chair Prof. L. Rivkin (PSI/EPFL).
Design study proposal for EU support in the Horizon 2020 program was submitted, evaluation expected for Jan 2015.
• First FCC Week workshop from 23. to 27. March in Washington DC.
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC work plan study phase
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2
Prepare Kick-off, collaboration forming,
study plan and organisation Ph 1: Explore options “weak interaction”
Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3
4 large FCC Workshops Workshop & Review
identification of baseline Ph 2: Conceptual study of baseline “strong interact.” Workshop & Review, cost model, LHC results
study re-scoping?
Ph 3: Study consolidation 1 st 23 FCC workshop – 27 March 2015 Workshop & Review
contents of CDR Report Release CDR & Workshop on next steps
Q4
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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CERN roadmap and FCC planning
CDR and Cost Review 2018
Kick-off meeting: 11 th Nov. 2013 (Daresbury) FCC Kick-off meeting February 2014 Study CDR and Cost Review for 2018 Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
Project 26
FCC MoU Status
42 collaboration members & CERN as host institute , 7. Jan. 2015 ALBA/CELLS, Spain U. Bern, Switzerland BINP, Russia CASE (SUNY/BNL), USA CBPF, Brazil CEA Grenoble, France CIEMAT, Spain CNRS, France Cockcroft Institute, UK U Colima, Mexico CSIC/IFIC, Spain TU Darmstadt, Germany DESY, Germany TU Dresden, Germany Duke U., USA EPFL, Switzerland Gangneung-Wonju Nat. U., Korea U Geneva, Switzerland Goethe U. Frankfurt, Germany GSI, Germany Hellenic Open U, Greece HEPHY, Austria IFJ PAN Krakow, Poland INFN, Italy INP Minsk, Belarus U Iowa, USA IPM, Iran Istanbul Aydin U. ,Turkey JAI/Oxford, UK JINR Dubna, Russia KEK, Japan KIAS, Korea King’s College London, UK Korea U. Sejong, Korea MEPhI, Russia Northern Illinois U., USA NC PHEP Minsk, Belarus PSI, Switzerland Sapienza/Roma, Italy UC Santa Barbara, USA U Silesia, Poland TU Tampere, Finland Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC Work and Organisation (i)
-
Work/meeting structures established based on INDICO, see: FCC Study: https://indico.cern.ch/category/5153/
-
In particular: FCC-hh Hadron Collider Physics and Experiments VIDYO meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5258/ Contacts: [email protected]
-
FCC-ee Lepton Collider (TLEP) Physics and Experiments VIDYO meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5259/ Contacts : [email protected]
Future Circular Collider Study
Michael Benedikt Epiphany 2015 Cracow, 8 th January 2015
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FCC Work and Organisation (ii)
-
FCC-hh Hadron Collider VIDYO meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5263/
-
Contacts: [email protected]
-
FCC-hadron injector meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5262/
-
Contacts: [email protected]
-
FCC-ee (TLEP) Lepton Collider VIDYO meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5264/
-
Contacts: [email protected]
,
-
FCC infrastructure meetings
-
https://indico.cern.ch/category/5253/
-
Contacts: [email protected]
Future Circular Collider Study
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++...
First FCC Week Conference Washington DC 23-27 March 2015
http://cern.ch/fccw2015
First FCC Week, Washington DC 23-27 March 2015 – DRAFT SCHEDULE
hoping to see you there!
Conclusions
• There are strongly rising activities in energy-frontier circular colliders worldwide.
• The FCC collaboration is being formed with CERN as host laboratory, to conduct an international study for the design of Future Circular Colliders (FCC).
• Worldwide collaboration in physics, experiments and accelerators will be essential to advance and reach the goal of a CDR by 2018.
• FCC presents challenging R&D requirements in SC magnets, SRF and many other technical areas.
•
Need to establish global collaboration and use all synergies to move forward!
Future Circular Collider Study
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