Transcript The Title of Your Amazing Senior Project Here Your Name

The Effect of Athlete’s Perceptions of Coaching Behavior and Coaches’ Perceived
Behavior on Burnout in NCAA Division III Collegiate Athletes:
A Proposal of Research
Tianna Homad and Rebecca Y. Concepcion, Ph.D.
Department of Exercise Science | Pacific University | 2043 College Way | Forest Grove, OR 97116
Background
Burnout is a term that is thrown around by
coaches and athletes all the time in the
athletic world. It is defined as a
multidimensional response to the ongoing
stresses of competitive sport involvement
that is characterized by feelings of
physical/emotional exhaustion, a lack of
perceived accomplishment, and a
depersonalized attitude in relation to
others (Vealey et al, 1998). Due to the
pressures placed on student-athletes at
the Division III level, these athletes will
most likely experience burnout at some
point during their collegiate careers.
The coach-athlete relationship is an
integral part of athletics and influences the
satisfaction of athletes in their competitive
sports careers. In the collegiate athletic
world, the coach-athlete relationship is
dynamic which can cause many frequent
and intense interactions. The behaviors of
coaches has the obvious potential to
influence the development of burnout in
athletes by affecting their psychological
well-being such as their self-confidence,
motivation, enjoyment, and anxiety.
Coaching behaviors are described in
terms of training and instruction, decision
making style (democratic or autocratic),
social support, and feedback (Price &
Weiss, 2000).
There has been little previous research
examining burnout in athletes as
compared to burnout in coaches or
athletic trainers. However, research has
shown that positive influence from
coaches was related to lower levels of
burnout while negative coach influences
was related to higher levels of burnout.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between an athlete’s perception
of their coach’s behavior and their level of burnout while also investigating the coach’s
own perception of their coaching behavior.
Hypotheses
1.Athletes who perceive their coaches as demonstrating positive coaching behaviors
(high levels of training/instruction, positive feedback, social support, and democratic
coaching style) will have lower levels of burn out than the athletes who perceive their
coaches as demonstrating negative coaching behaviors (high levels of autocratic
coaching style).
Methods
Subjects
o Participants will be NCAA Division III college athletes and head coaches who are at least 18 years of
age
Instruments
oAthlete Demographic Information
oCoach Demographic Information
o Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ; Raedeke & Smith, 2001)
Reduced Sense of Accomplishment (=.86)
Emotional and Physical Exhaustion (=.92)
Sport Devaluation (=.92)
oLeadership Scale for Sports – Athlete’s Perspective (LSS; Chelladurai & Saleh, 1980)
Training and Instruction (α=.93)
Democratic Behavior (=.87)
Autocratic Behavior (α=.79)
Social Support (α=.86)
Positive Feedback (α=.92)
o Leadership Scale for Sports – Coach’s Version (LSS; Dwyer, J.M. & Fischer, D.G, 1988)
Training and Instruction (=.86)
Democratic Behavior (=.77)
Autocratic Behavior (=.36)
Social Support (=.61)
Positive Feedback (=.75)
Procedures
o Institutional Review Board Approval will be obtained
o Participants will be contacted through email to complete an online survey via
SurveyMonkey.com. They will be able to complete the survey on their own time and in the
location of their choosing
o Participants will complete the informed consent before participating
o They will then complete the demographic information, ABQ, LSS-Athlete perspective, and
lastly the LSS-Coach’s version questionnaires
o Participants who fully complete the survey will be eligible to win one of four $20 gift
certificates
o Data will be obtained and analyzed
Acknowledgment
This project is funded by Pacific University’s Arts and Sciences
Undergraduate Research Grant.
References
Chelladurai, P. & Saleh, S.D. (1980). Dimensions of leader behavior in sports: Development of a leadership scale.
Journal of Sport Psychology, 2, 34-45.
Dwyer, J.M. & Fischer, D.G. (1988). Psychometric properties of the coach’s version of the leadership scale for sports.
Perceptual and Motor Skills, 67, 795-798.
Price, M.S. & Weiss, M.R. (2000). Relationship among coach burnout, coach behaviors, and athlete psychological
responses. The Sport Psychologist, 14, 391-400.
Raedeke, T. D., & Smith, A. L. (2001). Development and preliminary validation of an athlete burnout measure. Journal
of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 23, 281-306.
Vealey, R.S., Armstrong, L., & Comar, W. (1998). Influence of perceived coaching behaviors on burnout and
competitive anxiety in female college athletes. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 10, 297-318.