WMES3103 : INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

WEEK 13 DIGITAL LIBRARIES 1

 Go to the Internet  Use a good search engine  Look for DIGITAL LIBRARIES  l Definition – http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/ARL/definition.htm

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DIGITAL LIBRARY

 New area – emerged in the US in the 1990s  Various names to imply the same entity  Digital library - dLib  Electronic library – eLib  Virtual library  Different perceptions  As an international entity – encompasses every information source available on the Internet  As an institutional project  Information sources available on the Internet only  Internet + CD-ROMs & other local networked resources 3

 DL – considers information sources available on the Internet  DL – a compilation of materials published electronically and those converted to digital form – questions – what should be digitised, how to do it, quality, cost  Definition – various – takes into account storage and dissemination of information in electronic format 4

Definition and Purposes of a Digital Library Association of Research Libraries :October 23, 1995 

Definition

The elements that have been identified as common to these definitions are:

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The digital library is not a single entity;

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The digital library requires technology to link the resources of many;

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The linkages between the many digital libraries and information services are transparent to the end users;

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Universal access to digital libraries and information services is a goal;

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Digital library collections are not limited to document surrogates: they extend to digital artifacts that cannot be represented or distributed in printed formats.

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DLs are constructed – collected and organized – by a community of users. Their functional capabilities support the information needs and uses of that community. DL is an extension, enhancement, and integration of a variety of information institutions as physical places where resources are selected, collected, organized, preserved and accessed in support of a user community.

 Baker, J. www.gslis.ucla.edu/DL/ Jan 1996 6

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Digital libraries basically store materials in electronic format and manipulate large collections of those materials effectively.

 http://dli.grainger.uiuc.edu/glossary.htm

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 Provides access to documents in various languages  Provides access to documents in various forms  Various DL integrated to form a global or universal DL  DL encompasses various aspects of computing – database management, human-computer interaction, information science, library science, multimedia language and system, networking, communications 8

 The information retrieval component is important in DL  To ensure effectiveness of use  To ensure ease of use  DL must support a large collection of documents, searching, cataloging / indexing 9

 Problems  A system / software that can integrate various DL  Payment – required or not required ? Mode of payment?

 Searching for sources in languages other than English 10

    Normally developed by an institution Initial – Core Project – prototype of an ELib using journal articles – chemistry – full-text of article – create an index for searching – build seraching mechanisms eg. Boolean operators – add documents – testing of various interfaces ENVISION project – 1991 Digital Libraries Initiative – 1994-1998 - 6 universities in America – each one studies a different component of ELib – all 6 integrated at the end of the project – focus = document collection, searching, interface 11

 Sometimes developed by a country – history, culture, achievements  Europe – ERCIM  UK – eLib Initiative  New Zealand  Australia  Singapore  Malaysia ????

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MALAYSIA

 Projects from government and non government agencies  Smart school, ejournal (UKM, UM, UUM, dll), CLJ Online  Academic libraries – cyber or digital  Should be centralised at one agency  MIMOS? MDC? Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia?

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 Example : FSKTM –3181 & 3182 projects  History  E-history book - 1  E-history workbook - 1  E-conference proceedings - 1  E-historical buildings - 4  E-historical personalities - 2  Interface - 1  Query - 1 14

DIGITAL OR NOT DIGITAL?

 Pustaka Maya Tan Sri Lim Goh Tong - HUKM  Perpustakaan Digital Siti Hasmah – MMU  Perpustakaan Sultanah Zahariah – UTM – eIlmu  MIMOS Digital Library http://www.digilib.mimos.my/ 15

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