Transcript Lessons and regional linkages through the Tool Box in the

Lessons and regional linkages through
the Tool Box in other GWP regions
D. Thalmeinerova, GWP
ToolBox experience (up to now)
• Transfer of IWRM knowledge from CEE to CACENA
using ToolBox
• Localized version of ToolBox in SEA
• ToolBox as “planning” tool in IWRM process in SAF
• ScoreCard project in West/East Africa
CEE / CACENA
• Three pillars of ToolBox activities:
– Dissemination of knowledge on IWRM
– Training “sessions” based upon the needs and demands
– Development of case studies
• Main mission:
– to support the water community to recognize the characteristics
of tools suited to improve water governance
– to facilitate capturing and exchanging experiences derived from
IWRM processes
Activities in CEE
• To provide source of knowledge on IWRM and supplement “EU
duties”
– EU Water Framework Directive appears to be a complex and
plentiful approach that to be understood
– “rote” (mechanical) transposition of EU water related directives
might miss the aim of IWRM
• To develop case studies
– Totally 81 case studies elaborated in period 2004-2009 (mainly
on involvement of the public at the planning process – new
aspect in post-socialist countries)
• To incorporate IWRM issues in education curricula of universities
Activities in CACENA
• ToolBox as a source of training documentation: 8
seminars in CACENA (2004 – 2008)
– “Themes” selected by participants
– Tool Box database (including case studies) used for
presentations
ToolBox as a “manual” for new
water initiatives (e.g. projects to
be financed)
Value added of the Tool Box in CEE/CACENA
• Contribution to capacity building
• Stimulation of “joint effort” of water experts who acted in
isolation of each other (or fighting against each other)
• Better (illustrative) interpretation of IWRM concept
(rather than popularization of the term “IWRM”)
Some shortcomings of ToolBox
• in CEE:
– ToolBox competes with EU guidelines
• in CACENA:
– Language problem
– Printed version most comfortable then internet
connection
Lessons learnt in CEE and CACENA
• Clear structure of ToolBox portrays IWRM approach
– Clear understanding that river basins are units for
water resources planning
– Increased awareness that different sectors have to
work together (including water sectors!!!!)
– Participatory approach is not a “break” but
“accelerator” of future actions committed
• Projects being developed are now confronted
whether (if) IWRM components are present
ToolBox activities in SEA
• In 2005, a prototype of IWRM ToolBox web site in SEA launched
• Intention was to motivate users to study the “IWRM Tools” and to
get them to contribute cases and become part of a “ToolBox
Community”
GWP-SEA ToolBox
(Cases Grouped by IWRM Themes)
GWP-SEA ToolBox
(All Cases Grouped by Country)
Activities in SAF
• Project: Unpacking the IWRM
ToolBox using the Lower Manyame
IWRM Demonstration Project
– Lessons learned in developing
IWRM Plan
– Discussion how each tool is
applied in the IWRM plan
– Publication disseminated to
other basins
• ToolBox training for WaterNet
students
– Regular training for MSc IWRM
students
Application of GWP ToolBox in national
water planning
•
ToolBox used in Eritrea, Malawi, Ethiopia and
Zambia (PAWD initiative)
– as a reference source to improve water
governance
– as a framework for analysis of the water
resources situation
Eritrea (institutional arrangements)
• Specific challenges to be addressed in course of
IWRM planning
– Weak integration and coordination of water sector institutions;
– Lack of clarity in the mandates of the various government agencies;
– Inadequate capacity (institutional and human) to study and assess
the nation water resources, prepare development plan and
implement and monitor projects;
– Low capacity of the existing WRM institution (WRD) to fulfil the
mandate & responsibilities; and
– Inadequate qualified expertise and infrastructure for research
Outcome: A new Institutional framework has been
proposed
•
Proposed Institutional Framework
National Level
Water Authority
National Water Advisory
Board
Audit
Gender Advisor
Transboundary Water Mgt
Finance & Adminst.
Regulatory
& Plan
Research
& Inform.
ERI-CWP Forum
Dev’t &
Mgt
HRD &
Training C.
Implementing Bodies
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Local Level
Sub local
Level
Zoba Water
Service/Sewerage
Sub-Zoba Water
Supply & Sewerage
Services
Contractors
Major Cities Water
Supply & Sewerage
Services
Consultants
NGOs/Agencies
Eritrea (water resources management functions)
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Enforcement and compliance,
Recovery of cost of WRM,
Collecting water resources information and operating databases,
Preparation of WR and environmental assessments,
Monitoring of water availability and use
Conflict mediation;
Outcome: Management Instruments developed for
better water resources management
•
A new legislation drafted:
– Regulation for the Issuance of Permits for water use and construction of
hydraulic works (Draft 2007)
– Regulation for the issuances of waste water permits (Draft 2002)
– Guideline for community managed water supply, sanitation and hygiene
(2008 operational)
– Water resources sector plan (2008-2015)
Lesotho: Road Map for IWRM
Areas for change defined using ToolBox “categories”
Working questions:
Q 1: Is it [specific tool] relevant to Lesotho?
Q 2: Is the element [of a tool] adequately developed and available?
Q 3: Is the element [of a tool] functioning according to intention?
Recommendations were made on various
elements under these change areas to be applied
Enabling Environment (A TOOLS)
Q1:
Q2:
Q3
Tools of the ToolBox as a basis
A1 Policies – setting goals for water use, protection and conservation
Scores by National Stakeholders
In Lesotho during workshop
A1.1 – A national water resources policy
Yes
3
2
A1.2 – Policies with relation to water resources
Yes
1
1
A2.1 – Water rights
Yes
4
1
A2.2 – Legislation for water quality
Yes
4
1
A2.3 – Reform of existing legislation
Yes
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A3.1 – Investment policies
Yes
1
1
A3.2 – Financing options I – Grants and internal sources
Yes
4
1
A3.3 – Financing options II – Loans and equity
Yes
4
1
A2 Legislative framework – Water policy translated into law
A3 Financing and incentive structures – financial resources to meet water
needs
Other countries` experience
•
Ethiopia (ToolBox for capacity building)
– A Regional Training of Trainers (TOT) Course on Conflict
Management and Negotiation Skills for IWRM
– Financial instruments
– Water/GP modeling
– IWRM Facilitation skills
•
Zambia (ToolBox as analytical tool)
– Applied in Root Cause Analysis
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Malawi (ToolBox as strategic intervention tool)
– Used together with Problem Tree method
Results achieved in PAWD program
• Toolbox has supported IWRM Planning in Africa
• IWRM Plans developed in 5 countries: Zambia, Malawi, Kenya,
Senegal and Mali
• Cases for the IWRM Planning documented and uploaded on the
GWP website for information sharing with others
Lessons learnt in application of ToolBox in
IWRM planning (PAWD countries)
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IWRM planning process – always make linkages to broader national economic
development goals
IWRM plan needs to be focused and realistic to attract political support and funding
for implementation
Integration in IWRM is not easy and examples from elsewhere though useful may not
be relevant as this depends on context
The toolbox should be used as a reference and not guidelines
Toolbox need to be updated (climate change issues and issues of water
infrastructure are less developed)
Water Governance ScoreCard
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Program for Effective Water Governance (7 countries involved: Benin,
Burkina Faso, Ghana and Niger and in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda)
Diagnosis and mapping of water governance in a visually clear standard
format
– ScoreCard methodology
– ToolBox structure used in assessment