Transcript Lockout/Tag-out Procedures

Fall Prevention &
Protection
Valley City State University | Facilities Services |
• This presentation will discuss:
• The working conditions that prompt use of fall
protection
• Options that are available to protect workers
from falls
• Ladder Safety
• Scaffolding Safety
Introduction
• Each employee or contractor on a
walking/working surface four feet or more
above a lower level must be prevented or
protected from falling.
• Prevention can be achieved by use of guardrails or
stair rails, personal fall arrest systems (a body
harness and lanyard that is attached to an
anchorage point),
General Requirement
• Must be designed, built, and maintained free of
recognized hazards.
• Must be designed, built, and maintained to support
the maximum intended load and should never have
the maximum intended load exceeded.
• Must have safe means of access and egress.
• Must regularly be inspected and maintained.
• Must have all hazardous conditions immediately
corrected, repaired, or temporarily guarded to
prevent use.
Walking/Working Surfaces
• A hole is defined as a gap
or opening of one inch in its
least dimension in a
walking or working surface.
• Holes must be protected by
standard railings with toe
boards or by covers.
• Skylight covers or guards
must be capable of
supporting at least 200
pounds.
Holes
Improperly
Covered
• All stairs with 4 or more
risers must have
standard stair rails or
handrails.
• The vertical height must
be between 30-34
inches from the surface
of the tread at the front
of the tread.
Stairways
• Fixed stairs must be provided for access from one
level to another where operations necessitate
regular travel between levels, such as each day or
each shift.
• Where handrails are provided, they must be used.
• Stairways with for or more risers or more than 30
inches high must have a stair rail along each
unprotected side or edge.
Stairways (cont.)
• A body harness and
lanyard attached to the
manufacturer’s
designed anchorage
point must be worn
when working from an
aerial lift.
• The area under the lift
in use must be blocked
to prevent pedestrian or
vehicle traffic.
Aerial Lifts
LADDER SAFETY
• All fixed ladders,
where the length of
the climb is more
than 20 feet, must
have:
• A cage, or
• A ladder safety
device
Fixed Ladders
• A harness and a lanyard is not
required when using a portable
ladder for its intended purpose.
• The ladder must be properly
erected, with the user facing it
and maintaining a position with
the belt buckle between the side
rails at all times.
Portable Ladders
• Use ladders only for their designed purpose.
• When using a portable ladder for access to an upper
landing surface, the side rails must extend at least 3
feet above the upper landing surface.
• DON’T tie ladders together to make longer sections,
unless designed for such use.
• DON’T load ladders beyond the maximum load for
which they were built, nor beyond the manufacturer’s
rated capacity.
General Ladder Requirements
• Ladders must be kept in a safe condition:
• Keep the area around the top and bottom of a ladder
clear.
• Ensure rungs, cleats, and steps are level and
uniformly spaced.
• Ensure rungs are spaced 10 to 14 inches apart.
• Keep ladders free from slipping hazards.
General Ladder
Requirements (cont.)
• Secure ladders to prevent accidental movement due to
workplace activity
• Only use ladders on stable and level surfaces, unless
secured
• Do not use ladders on slippery surfaces unless secured
or provided with slip-resistant feet
• Brace the bottom of the ladder with a 2x4 or by having
another person hold it, or by using a stake to prevent the
ladder from falling
OR
• By tying off to a secure anchor at the top of the ladder
to prevent the ladder from falling if left unattended.
Securing Ladders
• Non-self-supporting
ladders (which lean
against a wall or
other support)
• Position at an angle
where the horizontal
distance from the top
support to the foot of
the ladder is ¼ the
working length of the
ladder.
Ladder Angle
SINGLE EXTENSION
LADDER VIDEO
Step Ladder Video
SCAFFOLDS
• An elevated, temporary work platform
• Three basic types:
• Supported Scaffolds—platforms supported by
rigid, load bearing members, such as poles, legs,
frames, and outriggers
• Suspended Scaffolds—platforms suspended by
ropes or other non-rigid, overhead support
• Aerial Lifts—such as “cherry pickers” or “boom
trucks”
What is a Scaffold?
• Employees working on scaffolds are exposed
to these hazards:
• Falls from elevation—caused by slipping, unsafe
access, and the lack of fall protection
• Struck by falling tools or debris
• Electrocution—from overhead power lines
• Scaffold collapse—cause by instability or
overloading
• Bad planking giving way
Scaffold Hazards
• Falls may occur:
• While climbing on or off the scaffold
• Working on unguarded scaffold platforms
• When scaffold platforms or planks fail
• Fall Protection
• If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10
feet:
• Guardrails
• Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)
Scaffold Fall
Hazards/Protection
• Erect on stable and level ground
• Lock wheels and braces
• Scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and
uprights must be on base plates and mud sills
or other firm foundation
Scaffolding Supports
Scaffold Safety Video
• If fall hazards of 4 feet or more cannot be
controlled with standard rails or covers, or
• If the work cannot be performed with
scaffolds, lifts or ladders, then…
• A personal fall arrest system must be used.
Personal Fall Arrest System
• A personal fall arrest
system consists of:
• Body Harness
• Lanyard with locking
snap hooks, attached
to an appropriate
anchorage point.
Personal Fall Arrest
System (cont.)
• Body belts must
NEVER be used
for fall arrest.
Body Belts
• Personal Fall Arrest equipment must be
attached to an anchorage point:
• Capable of supporting 5,000 pounds/ person
attached to it, or
• Designed by a qualified person with a safety factor
or twice the maximum anticipated force generated
during the fall.
Anchorage Points
• Employees must NOT tie off to:
•
•
•
•
Conduit
Sprinkler pipes
Standard railings
Sharp-edged objects, such as I-beams (unless a
beam strap or other product designed to prevent
cutting the lanyard is used.)
Anchorage Points (cont.)
• The fall arrest system must limit the force on
a falling employee by:
• Using a deceleration device, such as a shock
absorbing or self-retracting lanyard.
• Limiting free fall to no more than 6 feet.
• Not allowing a falling employee to contact a lower
level.
• Anchorage points must be overhead whenever
possible.
Personal Fall Arrest System
• Personal fall arrest equipment must be
inspected prior to each use.
• Damaged or defective equipment must be
removed from service.
• After a fall, the personal fall arrest equipment
must be removed from service, and the
anchorage point must be inspected for
damage.
Personal Fall Arrest
Equipment
How to use a safety
Harness
THIS CONCLUDES THIS
PORTION OF THE TRAINING…
Take a 5 minute stretch break before we
continue to the next module.