Transcript Course Outline Indonesian values and ideology

Course Outline
Indonesian values and ideology
Cekli Setya Pratiwi, SH.(UB), LL.M. (Utrecht)
+6281334931211 (mobile) , [email protected] (email)
Homepage: http://ceklipratiwi.staff.umm.ac.id
Objectives:
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To understand the values and ideology of Indonesia and the changes that occur can
be seen from the history of a place in Indonesian society over time, including
changes in the system of the Indonesian government after independence. The
change of Indonesian values also influenced by culture with its elements that cause
the formation of the culture. The existence and practice of negative values cause
many problems in society and government as an authoritarian system of
government, corruption, collusion and nepotism, separatism, anarchism, criminal
actions and others.
Therefore to prevent the existence of negative values is then subject Indonesian
values and ideology directed to Civic education. Civic education is one of the
compulsory course for all Students on undergraduate programs.This course has
purpose to equip and enrich the knowledge and ability of the students about
economical, political and legal system in Indonesia, the relationship between citizens
and the state as well as a preliminary national defense education in order to be a
civilized citizen who love his country.
After following this course students are expected to have an insight and a high
national consciousness, able to act intelligently, global-minded, patriotic spirit,
respect to human rights comprehensively thought-integral based on four pillars of
national and state the philosophy of Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the Republic
of Indonesia, national unity to achieve goals and national objectives.
Standards of Competency:
Students who take the course are expected to:
 Having understanding about the history of Indonesia society after its independence
 Having understanding that change the values of Indonesia also influenced by culture
with its elements
 Having understanding about the existence and practice of negative values cause
many problems in society and government
 Having knowledge about the importance of Citizenship Education for students
 Has the attitude and behavior in accordance with human rights
 Have awareness of rights and obligations as a citizen
 Have the awareness to defend the country
 Have awareness of democracy
 Have an overview of the national Indonesian insights
 Have the motivation to participate for achieving Indonesia’s resilience.
 Have the motivation to participate in realizing Politics and National Strategy
Topics:
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Introduction
History of Indonesian society after its independence
Indonesian values influenced by culture
Negative values caused some problematic in society
Economic System in Indonesia
MIDLE TEST 28th October – 8th November 2013
Understanding 4 Pillars Stateless (Pancasila,
Constitution of 1945, Unity in Diversity, NKRI)
Rule of Law and Democracy
Indonesia Customs and Religion
Geopolitics and Geostrategy of Indonesia
FINAL TEST 13 – 17 January 2014
MIDLE TEST 28th October – 8th
November 2013
Paper/ Essay 1500 words
It must be sent by email to [email protected] a week before
the date of Midle Test.
Type in Time New Romans font size 11 paper size A-4, space 1,5.
Optional Topics:
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Building a Culture of Shame,
Tolerance On Highway,
Queued Cultural,
Inter-Religious Tolerance,
Behavior and Culture Sportive,
Violence Amongst the students
FINAL TEST 13 – 17 January 2014
Student Paper Presentation
Tool: Power point and slide projector.
Duration: 7 minutes
Optional Topics:
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Culture of Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism Is the culture we belong to?
Poverty In Indonesia and solutions to overcome them
Action Anarchism In Among Students
Counteract Consumerism Culture among Students
Women's role in improving the welfare of the urban poor
The role of women in preventing domestic violence
The Role of Youths Facing the Free Market
Brought to earth of Pancasila among Students
Unity within diversity, Opportunity and challenge
Increase the Role of Civil Society to Participate in Government
Efforts Reduce Crime Numbers In Among Students
Culture of Literacy and the Law of Obedience Law, How Important is it?
Student Opportunities and Challenges facing Globalization and the Free Market
Sources of material:
Books:
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Sunarso, et al. Citizenship Education for Students. UNY., 2003.
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Eko Riyadi (ed.), Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia, Yogyakarta: PUSHAM-UII, 2008.
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S.Paul Verluyten, Intercultural Communication in Business and Organisations: An Introduction,
Uitgeverij Acco, Fourth Reprint, 2004.
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Ibn Chamim, A (Ed)., Pendidikan Kewargaengaraan Menuju Kehidupan yang Demokratis dan
Berkeadaban. Yogyakarta: Majelis Pendidikan Tinggi, Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Diktilitbang) Pimpinan
Pusat Muhammadiyah, 2003.
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Dikdik Baehaqi Arief, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (Civic Education), Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Untuk
Kalangan Sendiri, dapat diakses di http://baehaqiarif.files.wordpress.com/.../bahan-ajar-pkn.pdf
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Pimpinan MPR dan Tim Kerja Sosialisasi MPR Periode 2009-2014, Empat Pilar Kehidupan Berbangsa dan
Bernegara, Sekretariat Jenderal MPR-RI, 2012.
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MPR-RI, Panduan Pemasyarakatan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945
Dan Ketetapan MPR-RI, Sekretariat Jenderal MPR-RI, 2013.
Regulations:
Constitution of Republic of Indonesia Year 1945
The Act Number 39 Year 1999 about Human Rights
The Act Number 26 Year 2000 about Human Rights Court
Learning contract
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Student should reach minimum attendance 80% of 14
meetings
Student absences due to illness or have authorization
from the institution must include a doctor's license
accompanied by a letter or letter of assignment.
Student late more than 15 minute will not allow to joint
the class
Plagiarism in the working paper, the point will be reduced
by 50%
History of Indonesian society
after its independence
Chapter - 1
Sub Topics:
 Post Revolution
 New Order (Orde Baru)
 Indonesia in Transition (1998-1999)
 Reformation Era (1999-nowdays)
The name of “Indonesia”
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The name of “Indonesia” has already been existed far before Indonesia’s
sovereignty, known since the 18th century. It originally derives from the
Latin word Indus, meaning “India”, and the Greek word Nesos, meaning
“Island”.
As the meaning of its name, Indonesia consists of 17,508 islands that make
Indonesia as the largest archipelagic state in the world.
The Indonesian archipelago has been an important trade region since the
17th century, when the Sriwijaya Kingdom traded with China and India. This
was the beginning of the influence of Buddhism and Hinduism to Indonesian
culture.
In the 13th century, Moslem traders arrived in northern Sumatra that
further its influences spread over Indonesian areas adopted Islam. Islam
overlaid and mixed with existing cultural and religious influences,
particularly in Java area.
In 1512, the first Europeans arrived in Indonesia; Portuguese traders came
to Maluku and monopolized the sources of nutmeg, cloves, and cubed
pepper. It followed by Dutch and British traders.
Dutch colonialism and Japanese invasion
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The Dutch colonial era was started by establishing Dutch
East India Company (VOC) in 1602. After the bankruptcy
of VOC in 1800, the government of Netherlands took
over VOC and Indonesia became a nationalized colony.
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The Japanese invasion and short term occupation during
World War II ended Dutch rule, and encouraged
Indonesian leaders to proclaim Indonesia’s Independence
on August 17, 1945, three days after Japan surrendered.
Post Revolution
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The Republic of Indonesia first saw light on August 17,
1945, when its independence was proclaimed just days
after the Japanese surrender to the Allies.
Pancasila became the ideological and philosophical basis
of the Republic, and on August 18, 1945 the Constitution
was adopted as the basic law of the country.
Following the provisions of the Constitution, the country
is headed by a President who is also the Chief Executive.
He is assisted by a Vice-President and a cabinet of
ministers.
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The sovereignty of the people rests with the People's
Consultative Assembly (MPR). Hence, the President is
accountable to the MPR.
The legislative power is vested in the House of
Representatives (DPR).
Other institutions of the state are the Supreme Court,
the Supreme Advisory Council and the Supreme Audit
Board.
Soekarno became the first President and Chief Executive,
and Mohammad Hatta, the first Vice-President of the
Republic. On September 5, 1945 the first cabinet was
formed.
New Order (Orde Baru)
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The Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) attempted another coup on
September 30, 1965. The uprising, however, was abrupt and quickly stamped
out by the Armed Forces under Major General Soeharto, then Chief of the
Army's Strategic Command.
Under these explosive conditions, President Soekarno eventually gave in
and granted Soeharto full power to restore order and security in the
country.The transfer of power was effected by a presidential order known
as "the 11th of March order" of 1966.
Soon afterwards, on March 12, 1966, General Soeharto banned the PKI.
This decision was endorsed and sanctioned by virtue of the Provisional
People's Consultative Assembly Decree No XXV/MPRS/1966. He also
formed a new cabinet, but Soekarno remained as Chief Executive.
This brought dualism into the cabinet, particularly when Soekarno did not
show support for the cabinet's program to establish political and economic
stability. Hence, a special session of the Provisional People's Consultative
Assembly (MPRS) was convened from March 7-12, 1967.
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The Assembly resolved to relieve Soekarno of his
presidential duties and appointed Soeharto as Acting
President, pending the election of a new President by an
elected People's Consultative Assembly.
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Ever since taking office in 1967, the New Order
Government of President Soeharto was determined to
return constitutional life by upholding the 1945
Constitution in a strict and consistent manner and by
respecting Pancasila as the state philosophy and ideology.
Indonesia in Transition (1998-1999)
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Since the outset of the First Five-Year Development Plan
in 1969, Indonesia under the New Order Government of
President Soeharto had endeavored to achieve its
national development goals.
Indonesia, indeed, had been able to achieve substantial
progress in various fields which had been enjoyed by the
majority of the Indonesian people. Indonesia had gained
success in the national development.
Unfortunately, economic crisis, which began with the
monetary crisis, struck Indonesia as of July 1997.
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Since the middle of 1997, the people's standard of living dropped
considerably.The decline in the people's standard of living was aggravated
by various political tensions arising from the 1997 general elections.
The political system which had been developed since 1966 turned out to
be unable to accommodate the dynamism of the aspirations and interests
of the community. This led to riots and disturbances.
To a certain extend, they reflected the malfunctioning of the political order
and of the government, finally causing this situation to develop into a
political crisis.
The accumulation of the economic crisis and the political crisis became a
triggered factor for crisis in confidence. This applied not just to officials and
state-running institutions, but also began to touch on the system of values
and the legal foundations that underpin the state-running institutions.
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A number of student demonstrations ensued, including the
occupation of the People's Consultative Assembly/House of
People's Representatives compound.
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They appealed for political and economic reform;
demanded President Soeharto to step down and stamp out corruption,
collusion and nepotism.
Critical moments prevailed in the capital, Jakarta, and other towns from
12 to 21 May 1998.
On 12 May a tragedy happened in the Trisakti University
Campus, causing the death of four students.
On 18 May the leadership of the House suggested the
President resign.
The President's effort to accommodate the developing
aspirations of the people by forming a re-form cabinet and a
reform committee never materialized as there was no
adequate support from various circles.
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Finally, on 21 May 1998, President Soeharto, after a 32year rule of the New Order Government resigned.
Pursuant to Article 8 of the 1945 Constitution and the
People's Consultative Assembly decree no VII/1973, he
handed over the country's leadership to Vice-President
Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie.
Reformation Era (1999-nowdays)
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Now it is time for Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY). Reformation appears in
everywhere, every field, every aspect. Including in legal aspect, some of new body
was established for people wanted the transparency and clean governance.
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The constitution reformation amendment was held fourtimes. Now Indonesia use
the Constitution of Indonesia Republic Year 1945.
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Since 1999, people also wanted the state respect, guarantee and fulfill to human
rights of citizen. Legislative body has released the Law Number 39 Year 1999 about
Human Rights, and the Law Number 26 Year 2000 about Human Rights Court and
some International Human Rights conventions has been ratified.
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However, Indonesia still faces many problems such as legal problems (corruptions,
problems related to law enforcement system, terrorism, criminals), social problems
(poverty, human trafficking, people access to education and health, jobless), political
problems (money politic, public distrust), economical problems (free trade market,
consumerism, depend on import product), cultural problems ( crisis of “malu”
cultural, intolerance, disobedience, anarchism).