Transcript Slide 1

Osteoporosis
Let’s Work Together to Get
Bone Healthy!
The Osteoporosis Problem:
• Major health threat for an estimated 44 million
people 50 years and older including
– Hip
– Vertebral (spine)
– Wrist and other
• 10 million estimated with osteoporosis
• 34 million estimated with low bone mass
(osteopenia)
• 1 in 2 women and 1 in 4 men over 50 will have
an osteoporosis-related fracture
Source: National Osteoporosis Foundation Web site; retrieved October 2006 at http://www.nof.org
OSTEOPOROSIS RESULTS IN:
• Hip Fractures most devastating
– One in five elderly people die within a
year of the fracture
– One in four become disabled
– One in five must move to a nursing home
within a year
– Many become isolated and depressed
Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;
retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth
Osteoporosis Affects
Women & Men of All
Ethnicities
• Men
– 80,000 hip fractures/
year
• Women of all ethnic
backgrounds
– One in twenty AfricanAmerican women
– One in ten MexicanAmerican women
• People of all ages
– Increasing number of
women in 20s-30s
Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;
retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth
What is Osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis
causes weak bones.
Bones lose minerals
like calcium. They
become fragile and
break easily.
Normal
Bone
Bone with
Osteoporosis
Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;
retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth
Why is Bone Health Important?
Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;
retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth
Bones are living active tissue
• Calcium is needed for our
bones daily.
• Bones build to about age
30.
• We need to build up our
bones while young
Risk Factors
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Being Female
Advanced age
Thin, small-boned
Caucasian or Asian ethnicity
Family history of osteoporosis
Inactive lifestyle or extended bed rest
Risk Factors
• Abnormal menstrual history
• Late menarche
• Menstrual interruptions/irregularities
• Early menopause (< age 45)
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Estrogen deficiency: menopause
History of eating disorder/strict dieting
Low testosterone levels (men)
Low lifetime calcium intake
Risk Factors
• Certain medical conditions
– Bone fracture after age 40
– Rheumatoid arthritis
– Thyroid disorder
– Parathyroid disorder
– Poorly controlled Type 1 diabetes
– Lactose intolerance
– Digestion disorders
Risk factors
• Medication use
– Long-term corticosteroid use
– High doses thyroid hormone
– Anti-seizure or epilepsy medications
– Certain diuretics
– Excessive aluminum-containing antacids
– Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist
5 Steps to Better Bone Health
National Osteoporosis
Foundation
recommends…
5 simple steps to
prevent
osteoporosis.
Step 1 Balanced diet with daily
recommended amounts of
Calcium and Vitamin D.
Calcium
Age
0 to 6 months
7 to 12 months
1 to 3 years
4 to 8 years
9 to 18 years
19 to 50 years
Over 50 years
Calcium
needed/day (mg)
210
270
500
800
1,300
1,000
1,200
Source: The 2004 Surgeon General’s Report on Bone Health and Osteoporosis;
retrieved October 2006 at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bonehealth
Vitamin D
Main dietary sources of vitamin D are:
• Fortified milk
• Some fortified cereals
• Cold saltwater fish
(salmon, halibut, tuna, oysters & shrimp)
• Some calcium and vitamin/mineral
supplements
Vitamin D is created when you skin is exposed to sunlight
Step 2. Regular Exercise
Step 3
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol
Step 4:
Talk to your
healthcare provider
about bone health
Step 5:
Bone density
testing and
medication
when
appropriate.
Testing is simple
and painless
Get a Bone Mineral Density
(BMD) Test . . .
• All women age 65 and older
• Younger postmenopausal women with one
or more risk factors
• Postmenopausal women with fractures to
confirm the diagnosis of osteoporosis &
disease severity
Prevent before this…
Prevention and Treatment
You are never too old or too young
to improve your bone health
• Adults
– At least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity a
day
– Strength and balance training
– Protect from falls
– Eye exam to check for visual impairments
– Bone density test with a fracture after age 50, and
for everyone with risk factors
– Bone density test for all women over age 65
– Extra calcium and vitamin D over age 50
– Medication, if indicated, to prevent
bone loss or build new bone
Prevention and Treatment
You are never too old or too young
to improve your bone health
• Children & Teens
– Teens are at greater risk for poor bone
health because of rapidly growing bones
and poor diet
– At least one hour of physical activity a day
– Increase calcium during teens
• Babies
– Bone health begins before birth
Prevention is the KEY…
It is important to
• Build healthy bones
while you are young
• Continue a healthy
diet and lifestyle
throughout your
lifetime
Sources of Information
• Bone Health and Osteoporosis: A Report of the
Surgeon General, U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, 2004.
http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bone
health/content.html
• National Osteoporosis Foundation
http://www.nof.org
Websites For More
Osteoporosis Information:
• http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/bone
health/content.html
• http://chfs.ky.gov/dph/ach/osteo
• http://www.osteofound.org/
• http://www.niams.nih.gov/bone/
• http://www.strongwomen.com/
Presentation created by:
The Kentucky Department for Public Health
Arthritis & Osteoporosis Program