Transcript INTRODUCING PLANTATION SPECIES TO SITE

REFORESTATION: CLIMATIC
SIMILARITIES & SPECIES SITE CONDITIONS
WITH COMMON ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS
Climate - Plant Composition -Site
Conditions-or Combination of Methods with
Economics in Mind

…..Select
……..Plant
……….Harvest
INTRODUCTION

RH Group committed to Reforestation: either Enrichment Planting; Natural
Regeneration or Plantation Forestry
■ RH has vast experience in Plantation Forestry-Experiences from New Zealand
and Malaysia will be drawn to Projects in PNG

Reforestation Unit - Created & Staff Recruitment in Progress (my
recruitment)

Lands Unit-Created to Look into land issues relating to Reforestation

Focus on Wawoi-Guavi TRP area –Company has established processing plants
and need Resource Security (Replenishment)

Sizable Land identified in Wawoi-Guavi and Technically feasible for
Reforestation.

Nursery Establishment with carrying capacity of 500,000 seedlings in Kamusie
designed by experts from Malaysia in Consultation with RH (PNG) Group
OBJECTIVE
● Promoting our Concept for Reforestation – Creating
Partnership, Collaboration, Networking and
Develop Common Interest
● Sustain Resource Base & Operations - Kamusie &
Panakawa Processing Plants
● Resource/Forest Replacement –Requirement under
Forest Policy & Act
● Corporate Environmental Responsibility
REFORESTATION IN DEVELOPMENT
RH has demonstrate this sustainomics triangle and will
continue to do so with Reforestation Projects

Economic
•i
n
• b tr a
a s - ge
ic
n
n e e ra
ed t i o
n
s/
li v a l e
el
ih q u i
oo
t
ds y
n
io
at
is s
al
rn a c t
te
p
i n im
f
n/
t io e o
ua enc
al
• v c id
n
•i
Timber Products; Carbon credits;
Tourism;
Minor Forest Products;
E c o no m ic
Diversify Local Economy

Po ver ty
E quit y
Su sta inab ility
C o-ev olu tion
Social
• in te r- ge n e ra ti o na l e q u it y
• va l u es / c ul tu re
• e m p ow er m e n t
• in c lu sio n/c o ns u ltat ion
• g o ve rn a n ce
ECONOMIC:
ENVIRONMENTAL
Carbon sequestration; Wildlife;
Aesthetics; Landscape/Biodiversity
E nv ir on m e nt al
Restoration
So c ial
Reforestation
Environm ental
• r es ilien c e/b io div .
• n a tu ra l re so u rc es
• p o llu tio n

S u sta i n o m ic s
T ra n s-d i scip l in a ry
SOCIAL:
K no w le dg e Ba se
Employment; Recreation; Fuel wood
Taungya/Agroforestry;
(a)
Figure 1 (a). E lem ents of sustaina ble deve lopm ent
1 (b). Sustainable development triangle supported by the sustainom ics fram ew ork.
Source : adapted from M una singhe [3,4]
(b)
SPECIES CHOICE
●What kind of Species, How well they will grow, Where and
What are their end uses?
● Fast Growth with High Economic Value; End Uses;
Objectives; Economic Viability; Availability of Planting
Material
● Adaptability: How well species can thrive on site?
Ecology, Physiology, Genetics (3-yrs express biology of site)
● In making Decisions for Species Choice: Adaptability and
Species OR End Use and Species OR Both
● Right Choice-Ease of Silviculture
PLANTATION DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
•Reconnaissance to existing plantations incl. Ulabo, Lae (FRI) and SBLC

Provenance
Traditional Approach in ForestryLengthy Process
Genotype (wild population)-Provenance TrialProgeny Trials-Improved Genetic Material (Seed)Plantation

Species-Site Matching
Collect meteorological data-Compare
climatic similarities & introduce
species to site
Climate & Site with Species: Compare & ContrastsIntroduce to site w/ market, end-use, & value in mind
ESTABLISHMENT & MANAGEMENT

Seed & Nursery
•Nursery designed with carrying capacity for 500,000 seedlings for
our proposed Planting Target ( 500-700 ha/yr)
• Seed Important Reproductive material in Forestry
• Quality Seed & Planting Stock-Profitable Plantation
Out Planting & Stand Density
• Growing Space – Right amount of Space (Spacing depending on Species
& end uses)

Establishment & Management
• Weeding - Pruning – Thinning : Quality End Product
GROWTH & PERFORMANCE: ULABO,
MILNE BAY
Species
Age
Ht (m)
DBH (cm)
Vol (m3)
Vol/ha(500)
Vol/ha/yr
KamarereB
17
21
49
3.96
1980
116.47
Talis
17
18
43
2.61
1305
76.76
KamarereA
17
18
34
1.82
910
53.53
Teak A
17
11
33
0.94
470
27.65
Acacia
22
15
42
2.08
1040
47.27
Teak B
22
15
42
1.44
720
32.72
Walnut
5
6
24
0.27
135
27
●Commence 1985 w/ primary sp being Kamarere &
Talis
●Reach 1000m3 in 15-20 yrs
●Soil is sandy – sandy loam w/ 1500-3000 mm annual
rainfall
●Site influence growth & productivity
●Talis best for Swamp; Kamarere prefers deep soil
V=0.7854d2L; Volume of Individual
Tree * total sph=Vol/ha; Vol/ha is
divided by age to obtain vol/ha/yr
Note: Figures are estimates, MAI
changes w/ time reveling effect of site
& stand treatment on growth.
GROWTH & PERFORMANCE SBLC
Species
Age
Ht (m)
DBH (cm)
Vol (m3)
Vol/ha (625)
Vol/ha/yr
Kamarere
15
20
47
3.47
2168.75
144.58
Erima
15
25
49
4.71
2943.75
196.25
Teak
10
9
20
0.28
175
17.5
Talis
10
21
21
0.52
325
32.5
Gmelina
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Quandong
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
A.mangium
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
A.auriculiformi
s
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Black bean
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
●SBLC Reforestation 1976/77
●Over 10, 000 ha & harvesting 1999-present exceeds 208, 000 m3
●Teak excellent coppice (1 yr coppice from 1 yr stump 4 m in ht & DBH 3 cm
●Better managed-productivity-high
●High rainfall w/ deep sandy loam soils
GROWTH & PERFORMANCE –FRI, LAE
Species
Age
Kamarere
10 (1997)
E.pellita
DBH cm)
Vol (m3)
17
35
1.63
1087
108.7
13 (1994)
18
24
0.81
540.27
41.56
Talis
33 (1974)
20
51
4.08
2040
61.82
Taun
10 (1997)
11
26
0.584
648.8
64.88
Rosewood
10 (1997)
6
18
0.153
161
16.1
Kwila
10 (1997)
6
17.5
0.144
160.3
16.03
Black bean
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
Calophyllum NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA




Ht (m)
Vol/ha (1111)
Vol/ha/yr
Taun-fast growth ~Kamarere
Kamarere, Talis, Taun over 1000 m3 in 15-20 yrs.
Lae-site & climate similar to Kamusie
Rosewood & Kwila-slow growth
SITE PRODUCTIVITY
MAI (Volume) Kamarere at different age
Totality of Site Conditions Expressed on Growths of Kamarere (Impact of Site on Growth)
200
MAI (Volume) at Different Ages at Different Sites

180
160
140
120
Ulabo KamarereA
100
Bulolo Kamarere
80
SBLC Kamarere
60
40
20
0
0
5
10
15
20
Age (Years)
25
30
35
COMPARISION
Site
Climate
Soil
Productivity
SBLC
3500-4000 mm
rainfall w/ mean
temp of 30oC
Sandy loam
Kamarere, Erima,
Teak (Coppice)
good performance
Ulabo
1500-3000mm
rainfall; 28-32oC
Sandy-Sandy
loam soils
Talis (swamp sites),
Kamarere and
recently Walnut
good performance
Lae
4000mm rainfall, Deep, Clay-loam Talis, Taun good
humid w/ 28fertile soil w/ high performance
32oC
soil mc
Kamusi
e
Humid w/ 2832oC; 4000+mm
rainfall
Waterlogged, clay Kamarere, Talis &
soil conditions
Taun are expected
and deep soil
to perform well
MATRIX TO INTRODUCE SPECIES TO SITE (Table 6)
Species
Species Information
Kamusie
Condition
Kamarere
High value timber; fast growth rate reaching
1000m3/ha & 50 cm dbh in 15-20 years;
grows well on any site but prefers deep soil
with clay loam to sandy-loam soils; no major
pests & disease problem; silviculture &
ecology widely known; abundant seed
available through NTSC, Bulolo.
Best for Kamusie &
highly
recommended
Taun
High economic value, fast growth, reach 50 cm Best for Kamusie &
dbh in 20-25 years; grows in clay-loam soil
highly
with high rainfall; ecology & silviculture
recommended
slightly known and never planted in
plantation; abundant seed but poor storage
& careful seed handling
RECOM/CONCLUSIONS
● Kamarere, Talis and Taun - primary species - others secondary species.
● NFS Provide Policy and Legal Support with Incentives e.g., forgo
reforestation levies for companies who are actively doing
reforestation or consider counterpart funding.
● Reforestation Policy - Drives the Reforestation Projects on the Ground
● Consultation with Lands Department, PNGFA and Dept of
Environment and Conservation on land or lease agreements –how
best we can do reforestation on customary land.
● RH commence dialogue with PNGFA - possibility of RH purchasing
existing state plantations - reforestation and harvesting
concurrently.
ISSUES
• Land Tenure in relation to Reforestation
• Ownership: Who owns trees from Enrichment Planting/Natural
Regeneration or Plantation
• Landowner Participation/Benefits (Conflict of Land Use)
• Reforestation Policy (Excellent piece of Policy BUT still in Draft Form)
• “The timber industry as a key player needs to actively pursue reforestation.
Under this policy the government will address all the factors which have
prevented the industry from undertaking reforestation” (PNGFA NR
Policy (Draft) 2005 p.6).
...We will be thrilled by witnessing this happening…
THANK YOU