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SURPASS hiD 6600
Enhanced QoS Solution
Technical Sales, COM FN A SB / May 2006
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Agenda
 Introduction
 SLA service attributes
 SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution
 Upstream mechanism
 Downstream mechanism
 SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities
 Summary
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Introduction
Quality of Service (QoS) implies the ability to differentiate between
traffic streams and to define a level of performance for those traffic
streams across network.
When does QoS become a challenge?
 When moving from a "network per-service" model to a “converged
network” model with multiple services over a single network.
 When moving to real-time or mission-critical services such as video
streams or IP-telephony.
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The Carrier Network is the basis of all new services
For
One network
> 9 services per customer
High Speed Internet
OAM
(Operation, Administration Maintenance)
Business VPN services
Business internet services
Real time applications
Games / E-Learning
hiD 6670
Mobile
hiD 6630
hiX 5635
hiD 6650
VoD
IPTV
Voice
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How can all services live on the same network?
Powerful QoS mechanism with:
- Service differentiation
- Priority up to the individual service level
- Classification and traffic conditioning
- Scheduling algorithms
- Congestion avoidance
- Rate limiting & shaping
Service providers use QoS to gain more money from the network and
need QoS to offer, monitor and enforce Service Level Agreements (SLA).
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SLA Service Attributes
SLA =
Bandwidth Profile

Performance guarantee
CIR/EIR/CBS/EBS
*CBS/EBS – Committed/Excess Burst Size
*CIR/EIR – Committed/Excess Information Rate
Service Performance

Frame Delay

Frame Jitter

Frame Loss
Voice
Business services
 Low delay and jitter
 Guaranteed bandwidth
 Low packet loss
 Low packet loss
 Sub-second protection
 50ms protection
Video
HS Internet
 Low delay and jitter
 Guaranteed bandwidth
 Low packet loss
 Best Effort for excess
 High bandwidth per subscriber
bandwidth
 Sub-second protection
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SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS Solution
Upstream mechanisms –Traffic from the customer towards the network:
 Classification, marking, shaping and policing
 Congestion avoidance
 Egress hierarchical shaping (for SP)
 Priority queuing
 Connection Admission Control (CAC)
 Scheduling
Upstream
Carrier
Network
Downstream
Downstream mechanisms - Traffic from the network towards the customer:
 Hierarchical shaping
 Traffic shaping
 Rate limiting
 Priority queuing: per port, user, individual service
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Upstream Ingress Bandwidth Profiles
Ingress Bandwidth Profiles:
 Per Ingress UNI
 Per EVC (Ethernet Virtual Circuit)
 Per CoS (Class of service) ID
EVC1
UNI
EVC2
EVC1
Ingress Bandwidth
Profile Per Ingress UNI
EVC3
UNI
EVC1
UNI
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC1
EVC2
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC2
EVC3
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per EVC3
CE-VLAN CoS 6
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 6
CE-VLAN CoS 4
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 4
CE-VLAN CoS 2
Ingress Bandwidth Profile Per CoS ID 2
EVC2
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Upstream Bandwidth Profile SLA – Color aware
 CIR (Committed Information Rate) Minimum BW guaranteed for an Ethernet service.
 Policing is enforcement of CIR
CIR Conformant
Traffic ≤ CIR
 Zero CIR means Best effort (no BW is guaranteed)
 Traffic above the CIR is marked or colored
 EIR (Exceeded Information Rate)  Service frames colored yellow may be
delivered but with no performance commitment.
EIR Conformant
Traffic ≥ CIR
 PIR (Peak Information Rate) Maximum rate at which packets are allowed to be forwarded. No traffic
 PIR = CIR + EIR (greater or equal to the CIR)
 Service frames exceeding PIR are red packets and
are unconditionally dropped
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Traffic ≥ PIR
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Upstream Classification and Traffic conditioning
 Classifier identifies groups of packets to receive a specific service and carries
information about traffic class
 Traffic conditioning defines the service eligibility and marks the drop precedence
traffic class
A
Classifier
User
traffic User flow classification
 ingress port





traffic class
B
traffic class
C
L2 802.1q VLAN tag
L2 Src/Dst MAC or Ether type
L2 802.1p bits
L3 TOS/DSCP bits
L3 IP Source/Dst
address/subnet
Low Drop
Precedence
High Drop
Precedence
Marker & Filter
Traffic Conditioning
Mechanism
 Meter
 Marker
 Dropper
Dropping
Both classifying and marking are performed at the Ingress port.
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Upstream Ingress Policer
 Policing purposes
 SLA enforcement; Policer restricts some traffic to ensure subscribers don't
send traffic beyond their subscribed rate
 Protect the carrier Network
 Policing per classified flow (e.g. Port, Port+VLAN, Port+VLAN+TC etc.)
Package:
HSI – 5Mb
VPN – 4 Mb
IPTV – 8 Mb
Voice – 128Kb
Ingress
VPN - 4Mb
HSI – 8Mb
Egress
VPN - 4Mb
HSI – 5Mb
HSI
Mb
HSI 84Mb
ISPs
VPN 4Mb
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Upstream Policing - Dual Token bucket
 Dual rate token bucket with a programmable CIR and PIR, as well as CBS and MBS.
 The meter may also be color-aware, to take the previous marking of the packet into
the metering process.
Confirmed rate tokens entering
@ PIR per second
Confirmed rate tokens entering
@ CIR per second
Outgoing Frames
at a regular rate
with controlled burst
Incoming
Frames
Conforming Frames
Peak Rate
Bucket
Committed Rate
Bucket
Violating Frames
Bucket size
according to MBS
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Dropped
Exceeding Frames
Bucket size
according to CBS
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Upstream Ingress scheduling & Queuing
1G
1G
Scheduling: Choosing which queue to serve in each
packet transmission.
Switch

One scheduler per egress port
fabric

Eight queues per scheduler
managed by the fabric adaptor
1G
1G

1G
The scheduler send credits to the
queues assigned to it by using
two scheduling algorithms
1G
Voice
VOD
IPTV
HSI
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Upstream Scheduling - Algorithms
Strict Priority Queuing
 Queues are processed in descending order (highest to lowest).
 Queues assigned as high priority are serviced until they empty.
 Low priority queues potentially can be starved, in order to avoid
it, high priority traffic should be kept small.
Weighted Fair Queuing
 WFQ applies a "weight" to a queue that indicates the importance
of the queue in relation to the available resources.
 The weight is used to ensure that more important queues get
serviced more often than other less important queues.
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WRED - Congestion Avoidance
Congestion avoidance mechanism to ensure higher-priority traffic gets through, in
case of the buffer becoming full.
WRED (Weighted Random Early Detection)  Extension to RED that allows discrimination between different traffic classes.
 Drop packets randomly whenever a buffer becomes mildly congested
 Drop low priority frames first, according to drop precedence
 Gives precedence to new packets.
high priority frames threshold
Drop low priority frames first
low priority frames threshold
DA
SA
FCS
Incoming frames
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Queue per egress,
per CoS
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SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Diffserv Mode
*10%
*30%
*24%
*18%
*2%
*12%
*4%
*Default configuration *EF/AF = Expedited/Assured Forwarding
 Multi-field classification
 Policing and shaping according to the customers CIR/EIR/ CBR/EBS
 Discarded according to WRED mechanism.
 Drop precedence is supported (Low + High DP).
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SURPASS hiD 6600 QoS Packages – Enhanced Mode
*8%
*10%
*10%
*14%
*24%
*20%
*2%
*8%
*4%
*Default configuration *GBW = Guaranteed Bandwidth
 “Diffserv” mode functionality
 Special mode for E-Line services with guaranteed BW end to end
 Connection Admission Control (CAC)
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Upstream Process Summary
Understanding each element part in the QoS flow
Hierarchical Packet
shaping Processors
Fabric
Adaptor
Fabric
Module
Packet
FabricProcessors
Packet
Processors
Adaptor
Hierarchical
shaping
Ingress port
 VLAN manipulation
 Queuing
 Classification
 WRED
Priority queuing per
Port/VLAN/Service
to the Service
provider
 Policing
 L2 Process
 Multicast:
Card Duplication
Controller
Hierarchical
Packet
Packet Processors
shaping Processors
Fabric
Adaptor
Fabric
Adaptor
Packet
Processors
Hierarchical
shaping
Egress port
 Packet switching
 Queue
Scheduling
 Multicast:
Port Duplication
 VLAN Manipulation
 Rate Limiting
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Downstream mechanism
Understanding each element part in the QoS flow
Hierarchical Packet
shaping Processors
Fabric
Adaptor
Fabric
Module
Packet
FabricProcessors
Packet
Processors
Adaptor
Hierarchical
shaping
Ingress port
Egress port
Per port, VLAN, Service:
 Rate limiting
 Shaping
 Queuing
 Scheduling
Controller
 WRED
Hierarchical
Packet
Packet
Processors
shaping Processors
Egress port
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Fabric
Adaptor
Fabric
Adaptor
 Packet switching
May 2006
Packet
Processors
 Queue
Scheduling
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Hierarchical
shaping
Ingress port
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QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation level
Why do we need it ?
-
Multiple vendors and technologies at the access – different capabilities of QoS
No ability to differentiate between services of the same service provider.
Reduce the costs of the VDSL / ADSL2+ equipment – “Simple DSLAM”
Maintain knowledge of different access vendor’s equipment.
Use the existing access device and provide enhanced QoS per individual service.
SIEMENS Solution with SURPASS hiD 6600:
- Additional daughter card for the relevant LICs.
- Manage QoS from the SURPASS hiD 6600 per:
- Port, Customer EVC, Customer service.
- Port, Service provider VLAN / Service
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Downstream Bandwidth Profiles
Per Port
 Done in the 1st aggregation toward the DSLAM.
Egress Bandwidth
Profile Per Egress UNI
UNI
 Performing user level scheduling.
 Providing a different queue for each service per user.
Per EVC
EVC1
EVC2
 Egress bandwidth profile per EVC.
UNI
 Different profile for each EVC.
EVC3
 Elastic data can use the unused capacity for other services.
Per service
CE-VLAN CoS 6
CE-VLAN CoS 4
 Egress bandwidth profile per CoS.
EVC1
UNI
CE-VLAN CoS 2
 Mapping each service to the suitable CoS bits.
 Hard QoS for the EVC services.
EVC2
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Hierarchical Shaping – Example
Port
500 Mbps per
Business Customer
AND
100 Mbps – Finance Department
VLAN1
100 Mbps – Sales Department
VLAN2
300 Mbps – R&D Department
VLAN3
Port
AND
35 Mbps VPN
Service 1
20 Mbps Video Conference
Service 2
45 Mbps Internet
Service 3
VLAN1
Port
VLAN2
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Enhanced QoS per subscriber from the first aggregation layer
TC 6
Skymax
Access agnostic
QoS policy per
subscriber
VoIP
IPTV
VLAN 100
TC 5
IP/MPLS
Video
TC 7
Voice
hiD 6600
hiD
6600
hiD 6600
ISPs
TC 0
Data
ASPs
Video Servers
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Hierarchical Scheduling – Example
Residential
customer
*TV Unicast
TV Multicast
VoIP Bearer
Individual Service
VoD
WFQ
Data Premium
WFQ
Voip control
Data - Elastic
OAM & Management
*Used for Microsoft TV application
 Up to 16 traffic class per subscriber.
 Discarded according to WRED mechanism.
 Rate limiting according to single leaky bucket mechanism.
 Hierarchical scheduling functionality can be use in PNI ports also.
PNI = Provider network interface
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Practical Example For Business Customer - Downstream
30 Mb
PIR
Business Package:
20 Mb
30Mbps PIR
15Mbps CIR
Recognize the
service according to
DSCP/TOS/IP and
prioritize it.
15Mbps EIR
EIR
10 Mb
CIR
0 Mb
VLAN 200
Video Conf.
hiD 6600
hiD 6600
Voice
hiD 6600
Data / VPN
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Summary
 Introduction
 SLA service attributes
 SURPASS Carrier Ethernet QoS solution
 Upstream mechanism
 Downstream mechanism
 SURPASS hiD traffic management capabilities
 Summary
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Thank you for your attention
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