Transcript Design 2: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with One

DELIVERY OF AEROSOLIZED DRUGS
THROUGH CONTINUOUS POSITIVE
AIRWAY PRESSURE (CPAP)
Team
Patrick Kurkiewicz
Annie Loevinger
Joe Decker
Steve Welch
Client
Dr. Mihai Teodorescu
Advisor
Professor John Webster
Outline
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Problem Statement
Background Information
Client Specifications
Design Options
Design 1: Jet Nebulizer
 Design 2: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with One-Way Valve
 Design 3: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with Flow Sensor
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Final Design
Future Work
Questions
Problem Statement


A method is needed for automated delivery of
bronchodilator drugs, like Albuterol, while using the
CPAP device.
Automated delivery should either be continuous or
at timed intervals over a patient’s sleep cycle.
Background

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
 Used
for sleep apnea and asthma patients
 Provides positive pressure to assist breathing
Image from Webster, J.G. 2009. Medical Instrumentation.
Background

Nebulizer: transforms liquid medication into mist
Jet Nebulizer
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Uses Pressurized Air
Efficiency 39+/-3%**
Ultrasonic Nebulizer
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Uses ultrasonic waves
Efficiency 86+/-5%**
patient
Image from www.mece.ualberta.ca/arla/tutorial.htm
Image from www.sonozap.com/nebulizer.htm
** Gessler T; Schmehl T; Hoeper M M; Rose F; Ghofrani H A; Olschewski H; Grimminger F; Seeger W. 2001. Ultrasonic versus jet nebulization of iloprost in
severe pulmonary hypertension. The European respiratory journal : official journal of the European Society for Clinical Respiratory Physiology 2001;17(1):14-9.
Client Specifications
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Compatible with CPAP
Automatically deliver albuterol sulfate
Cannot compromise quality of sleep
Design for clinical trials
Made for adults
Prototype can be computer interface
Design Options
Design 1: Jet Nebulizer in-line with
CPAP
+
+
-
Simple
Inexpensive
Loud
Requires separate flow generation
Design 2: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with
One-Way Valve

Nebulizer gas collects in side chamber during exhale,
taken up during inhale
+
-
Simple design
Collecting gas may re-condense
Design 3: Ultrasonic Nebulizer with
Flow Sensor

Flow sensor detects breathing rate, turns nebulizer
on/off based on inhalation cycle
+
-
More control
Complicated, requires more parts
Design Matrix
Efficacy
(25)
Safety
(20)
Compatibility
/Feasibility
Jet
Nebulizer
15
Ultrasonic
One-Way
Valve
Ultrasonic
Flow
Sensor
(20)
Patient
Comfort
(20)
Ease of
Use
(10)
Cost
(5)
Total
(100)
20
15
0
5
5
70
20
15
20
20
10
4
89
25
15
12
20
10
3
85
Final Design
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Ultrasonic nebulizer with one-way valve control
Existing CPAP and mask
Added programmable controls
Future Work
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Finish proof of concept testing
Construct prototype nebulizer
Prototype testing
 Drug
delivery
 Control efficacy
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Integrate design with CPAP
Questions?