ADJUST INDIRECT FIRE 061-283-6003 SLIDE 1 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 1

SLIDE 2 ELEMENTS OF THE CALL FOR FIRE 1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION 2. WARNING ORDER 3. TARGET LOCATION 4. TARGET DESCRIPTION 5. METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT 6. METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 2

THE THREE TRANSMISSIONS 1. OBSERVER IDENTIFICATION WARNING ORDER 2. TARGET LOCATION 3. DESCRIPTION OF TARGET, METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT, AND METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL SLIDE 3 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 3

EXAMPLE OF A CALL FOR FIRE SLIDE 4 1. A57 THIS IS A71,ADJUST FIRE, OVER 2. GRID, AJ396701, DIR 2400, OVER 3. TANK IN OPEN, OVER IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 4

SLIDE 5

TARGET LOCATION I

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND The location will be given in a six or eight digit grid including the Grid Zone Identifier.

Also include a direction from you to the target in mils, degrees or a cardinal direction.

Example of directions 2400 mils 170 degrees Southwest Mils is always assumed 5

SLIDE 6

TARGET LOCATION II

A target location can also be given as a polar location.

That is done by given a direction and distance to the target from your location Example: DIRECTION 175 DEGREES, DISTANCE 2400, OVER IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 6

TARGET DESCRIPTION

1. What the target is ( troops, equipment, trucks).

SLIDE 7 2. What the target is doing (digging in).

3. The number of elements in the target (squad, platoon, three trucks).

4. Degree of protection (in open, in foxhole).

5. The target size and shape if significant.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 7

METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT I

The method of engagement is used by the trained observer to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target.

For the purpose of this class, this area will not be covered in great detail.

SLIDE 8 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 8

METHOD OF ENGAGEMENT II

If the target is within 600 meters of your location or the location of friendly troops, you will include DANGER CLOSE in your call for fire SLIDE 9 EXAMPLE: TANK IN THE OPEN, DANGER CLOSE, OVER 600 METERS IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 9

METHOD OF FIRE AND CONTROL

SLIDE 10 The method of fire and control is used by the trained observer to let FDC know how he wants to engage the target.

For the purpose of this class, this area will not be covered. IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 10

SLIDE 11

CORRECTIONS OF ERRORS

If the observer realizes that he has made an error in his transmission or that FDC has made an error in the read back, he announces CORRECTION and transmits the correct data.

EXAMPLE The observer transmitted LEFT 200, ADD 400, OVER.

He then realizes that he should have sent DROP 400.

To correct this element, he sends CORRECTION LEFT 200, DROP 400, OVER. The observer must read back the entire subelement.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 11

Situation 1

You have 2 tanks in the tree line at grid AJ560812 Direction to the tanks is 155 degrees at a distance of 2000 meters. Your call sign is H99 and FDC is B39. Formulate your call for fire.

SLIDE 12 B39 THIS IS H99, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

GRID AJ560812, OVER. DIRECTION 155 DEGREES.

2 TANKS IN TREE LINE,OVER. IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 12

Situation 2

You have a squad of infantry soldiers moving on your position at grid AK307998. They are Northwest from your OP at about 500 meters.

You are N24 and FDC is R81. Formulate your call for fire.

R81 THIS IS N24, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

GRID AK307998, DIRECTION NW, OVER.

INFANTRY SQUAD IN THE OPEN, DANGER CLOSE, OVER.

SLIDE 13 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 13

Situation 3

You see a company assembly area in a valley.

The distance to the target 3000 meters at a direction of 1730 mils. Your call sign G81 and FDC is P66.

Formulate your call for fire.

SLIDE 14 P66 THIS IS G81, ADJUST FIRE, OVER.

DIR 1730, DIS 3000, OVER.

COMPANY ASSEMBLY AREA IN THE OPEN, OVER.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 14

SLIDE 15

Message To Observer

After FDC receives the call for fire, it determines how the target will be attacked.

The decision is announced to the observer in the form of a message to observer or MTO.

The MTO consists of 4 items: 1. Units to fire 2. Changes to the call for fire 3. Number of rounds 4. Target number IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 15

EXAMPLE OF AN MTO

The battalion call sign is A8T36 Battery A call sign is R6G36 No changes to the call for fire are made.

FDC wants to shot 4 rounds per tube and wants to shot VT (Variable Time).

The MTO would be: T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OVER.

The observer reads back the MTO: T, G, VT IN EFFECT, 4 ROUNDS, OUT.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND SLIDE 16 16

ADJUSTING PHASE

KEY ELEMENTS 1. The observer-target (OT) Factor 2. Spotting 3. Corrections SLIDE 17 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 17

OT FACTOR

The OT factor is based on the distance from you to the target and is used to compute the correction that you are going to send to FDC.

SLIDE 18 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 18

Computing the OT Factor

Distance to target: 4200 meters Distance expressed to the nearest thousand: 4000 Divide by 1000=OT factor of 4 SLIDE 19 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 19

Left

Range Spotting

Over Right Short OT Line IMO, TRAINING COMMAND SLIDE 20 20

DEVIATION SPOTTING I

We can tell if the round is over or short of the target but we must be able to correct left and right to bring the round on the target. This can be done two ways. First by using the Reticle Pattern on the Binos.

This example shows that the round has impacted 50 mils to the left of the target SLIDE 21 Do not send any corrections of 30 meters or less!!!

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 21

DEVIATION SPOTTING II

Second we can use hand Measurements SLIDE 22 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 22

Adjusting the Round

The distance to the target is 4000 meters.

OT factor is 4 Round impacted 50 mils left of the target The correction is right 200 50(mils) x 4(OT)= 200 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND SLIDE 23 23

SLIDE 24

Range Corrections I

You always want to use a 400 meter bracket.

OT Line 1st Correction add/drop 400 2nd Correction add/drop 200 3rd Correction add/drop 100 4th Correction add/drop 50 FIRE FOR EFFECT First we want to bracket the target by having one round over and one round short. The first round impacted over the target so the correction would be DROP 400.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 24

Range Corrections II

SLIDE 25 OT Line The second round impacted short of the target so the correction would be ADD 200.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 25

Practical Exercise 1

SLIDE 26 The distance to the target 2200 meters The 1st round impacted 40mils to the right of the target. What is your correction?

LEFT 80, DROP 400 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 26

Practical Exercise 2

SLIDE 27 The distance to the target 3500 meters The 2nd round impacted 10mils to the left of the target. What is your correction?

RIGHT 30, ADD 200 IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 27

FFE PHASE

SLIDE 28 Your 3rd round has impacted and your next correction will be add 50 FFE. You will now get 6 to 8 rounds impacting on the target IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 28

SLIDE 29 At the completion of the FFE we must determine what effects we had on the target and send an End of Mission (EOM) to the FDC. Tell FDC what happened.

Example: TANK BURNING, END OF MISSION, OVER.

IMO, TRAINING COMMAND 29

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