Transcript Retirement Incentives - The Truth About Cars

THE WAISSI ENGINE
“simplest combustion engine”
Presentation at
Xxxxxxxxxxx
May 29, 2013
Gary R. Waissi, Ph.D.
Robert Waissi, M.A. Industrial Design
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
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contact information
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
4336 W Hackamore Drive
Phoenix, Arizona 85083
U.S.A.
Email: [email protected]
www.facebook.com/waissiengine
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
References:
1. U.S. Pat. No. 8,109,244 B1, Waissi, G., Crankdisk Bearing Alternatives for the Waissi Type Opposed Piston
2.
3.
4.
5.
Internal Combustion Engine (2/7/2012).
U.S. Pat. No. 5,402,755, Waissi, G., Internal Combustion (IC) Engine (4/4/1995).
Internal Combustion Engine with Minimum Number of Moving Parts, Futuristic Concepts in Engines and
Components, SAE SP-1108, Paper # 950090, 1995.
Crankdisk Bearing Support for the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R., (pending).
Alternative Crankdisk Bearing Support for the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R.,
(pending).
6. Bearing Ring and Piston of the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R., (patent application
to be filed).
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
TOPICS







Background
The Engine
Advantages
Piston speed, acceleration, piston force simulation
Simple Engine Animation
Engine- and engine part solid models
References
7/7/2015
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Background
Major Boxer Engine Manufacturers (horizontally opposed cylinders)
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Volkswagen (type I, type II, type III, type IV engines)
Porsche (912, 914, 911, Boxter)
BMW (motorcycles, e.g. R1200; R90S; R65, R50, R5; many models…)
Honda (motorcycles, e.g. Valkyrie/GL1500, Goldwing)
Subaru (EJ series (EJ15,16,18,20); EA series (EA53, EA 61,62, 63, 64, 65, 71, 72 , etc; many models))
Aircraft Engines

Continental Motors (used e.g. in various Cessna light aircraft)

Lycoming (over 580 certified models from 4-cyl to 8-cyl horizontally opposed)

Rotax (subsidiary of Bombardier Recreational Vehicles; including UAV’s; helicopters; karts, etc.)


Goebler-Hirth (including UAVs (Northrop-Grumman), helicopters, etc.)
Franklin (two models; 235; 350)
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine Cross Section - sketch
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WAISSI ENGINE LLC
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Advantages: Dynamic Engine Balancing – No secondary piston forces
Source: Waissi, G., SAE SP-1108, Paper # 950090, 1995
Conventional Engine
7/7/2015
WAISSI Engine
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Advantages: Friction – Piston force against cylinder wall
Source: Waissi, G., SAE SP-1108, Paper # 950090, 1995
Conventional Engine
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WAISSI Engine
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Advantages: Friction – piston rod big end bearing pressure vs. WAISSI engine bearing ring
Source: Waissi, G., SAE SP-1108, Paper # 950090, 1995
Conventional Engine
WAISSI Engine
This means an approximately 60% reduction when comparing the
connecting rod big end pressure of a conventional engine to the
bearing ring pressure of the Waissi engine.
(Corrected GW, 10/06/1998)
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine Crankdisk Rotation – sketch and example
For example:
Changing the stroke requires only
changing the disk.
Changing the off-centered distance
(drive shaft center to disk center)
from 30 mm to 20 mm changes the
stroke from 60 mm to 40 mm
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – connecting rod length, stroke and piston speed
ENGINE DATA
DEMO
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
5000
83.333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
43.5
523.60
80
500
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
Example:
HYPOTHETICAL --- to demonstrate the impact of
connecting rod length and stroke relationship to piston
speed curve
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
5000
83.33333333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
43.5
523.60
70
500
11
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – connecting rod length, stroke and piston acceleration
ENGINE DATA
DEMO
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
5000
83.333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
43.5
523.60
80
500
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
Example:
HYPOTHETICAL --- to demonstrate the impact of connecting rod length and
stroke to piston acceleration curve
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
5000
83.33333333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
43.5
523.60
70
500
12
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – Mitsubishi EVO III and Waissi Engine:
piston speed comparison
Mitsubishi
Evo III
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
5000
83.333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
rodlength/stroke ratio=
43.5
523.60
144.25
500
1.658
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
Example: Mitsubishi EVO III
impact of connecting rod length and stroke to piston speed curve
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
5000
83.33333333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
43.5
523.60
70
500
13
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – Mitsubishi EVO III and Waissi Engine:
piston acceleration comparison
Mitsubishi
Evo III
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
5000
83.333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
rodlength/stroke ratio=
43.5
523.60
144.25
500
1.658
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
Example: Mitsubishi EVO III
impact of connecting rod length and stroke to piston acceleration curve
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
5000
83.33333333
87
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
43.5
523.60
70
500
14
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – Mitsubishi EVO III and Waissi Engine: piston force comparison
Mitsubishi Waissi
piston
piston
Crank
Diff.
force
rotation force
[%]
[N]
[degrees] [N]
0.0%
4216.4
4216.4
135
7.3%
4567.8
4255.6
140
14.4%
4884.5
4269.5
145
21.1%
5164.0
4264.9
150
27.2%
5404.2
4248.4
155
32.6%
5603.3
4225.8
160
37.1%
5759.7
4202.4
165
40.4%
5872.3
4182.6
170
42.5%
5940.2
4169.3
175
43.2%
5962.9
4164.7
180
Note 1: A conservative estimate using same
measurements. For an actual engine the reciprocating mass
of the Waissi Engine will be larger than that of a comparable
conventional engine and the piston maximum force difference
will be larger as found in simulations.
Notes:
Mitsubishi max piston force at 146 degrees after TDC
Waissi Engine max piston force at 180 degree after TDC
Compare to piston acceleration and piston force graphs
Note 2: A similar force relationship is true for all reciprocating combustion engines using connecting rods, and therefore
also for work/energy output related relationships.
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Engine inertia – Mitsubishi EVO III and Waissi Engine: expected piston force
Note 1:
Expected piston force comparison (inertia
only), and assuming that combustion
related (heat expansion) forces are the
same respectively.
Note 2:
The Waissi Engine piston force curve
represents the ideal (or optimum) force
curve, which no piston engine
with connecting rods can achieve.
Note3:
In order for a conventional engine to reach the ideal piston force curve the piston rod should be infinitely long.
Therefore, the larger the piston rod/stroke ratio the better (closer to optimum) the piston force curve.
(See next comparison to the F1- engine).
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
Comparison of piston speed curves between the Waissi Engine and the F1- engine.
In order to reach the ideal piston force curve the piston rod should be infinitely long.
Therefore, the larger the piston rod/stroke ratio the better (closer to optimum) the
piston force curve.
F-1
Engine
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
10000
166.667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
rodlength/stroke ratio=
19.885
1047.20
102
500
2.565
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
10000
166.6666667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
19.885
1047.20
70
500
17
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Comparison of piston acceleration curves between the Waissi Engine and the F1- engine.
For both engines the piston acceleration curve (at BDC) approaches a single
point respectively. The F-1 engine piston acceleration curve approaches,
when compared to a conventional engine, the Waissi Engine piston
acceleration curve.
F-1
Engine
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
10000
166.667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
rodlength/stroke ratio=
19.885
1047.20
102
500
2.565
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
10000
166.6666667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
19.885
1047.20
70
500
18
THE WAISSI ENGINE
Comparison of piston force curves between the Waissi Engine and the F1- engine.
For both engines the piston force curve (at BDC) approaches a single point
respectively. The F-1 engine piston force curve approaches, when compared
to a conventional engine, the Waissi Engine piston force curve.
F-1
Engine
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
10000
166.667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
l [mm] =
m [grams] =
force units = [g mm/s^2]
rodlength/stroke ratio=
19.885
1047.20
102
500
2.565
WAISSI
ENGINE DATA
rpm =
rev per sec =
stroke =
Note: at maximum (global optimum) Waissi Engine piston force is 24 % higher than that of a
comparable F-1 engine. (even if we assume that the reciprocating mass is the same).
F-1
Waissi
Crank
piston
piston
rotation force
force
Diff.
[degrees] [N]
[N]
[%]
180
8777.59 10903.17
24.2%
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
10000
166.6666667
39.77
r [mm] =
w [radians/sec] =
R [mm] =
m [grams] =
19.885
1047.20
70
500
19
THE WAISSI ENGINE
The Engine
Concept Animation
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
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THE WAISSI ENGINE
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
21
THE WAISSI ENGINE
References:
1. U.S. Pat. No. 8,109,244 B1, Waissi, G., Crankdisk Bearing Alternatives for the Waissi Type Opposed Piston
2.
3.
4.
5.
Internal Combustion Engine (2/7/2012).
U.S. Pat. No. 5,402,755, Waissi, G., Internal Combustion (IC) Engine (4/4/1995).
Internal Combustion Engine with Minimum Number of Moving Parts, Futuristic Concepts in Engines and
Components, SAE SP-1108, Paper # 950090, 1995.
Crankdisk Bearing Support for the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R., (pending).
Alternative Crankdisk Bearing Support for the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R.,
(pending).
6. Bearing Ring and Piston of the Waissi Internal Combustion Engine, Waissi, G., and Waissi, R., (patent application
to be filed).
7/7/2015
WAISSI ENGINE LLC
© copyrighted presentation and materials; all rights reserved
22