Word Formation
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Transcript Word Formation
Word Formation
Deny A. Kwary
http://www.kwary.net
Airlanga University
Types of Word Formation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Compounding
Conversion
Clipping
Blends
Backformation
Acronyms
Onomatopoeia
Eponyms
1. Compounding
Definition: Two or more words
joined together to form a new
word.
Examples:
Home + work homework
Pick + pocket pickpocket
Note: The meaning of a compound is not
always the sum of the meanings of its parts.
Coconut oil oil made from coconuts.
Olive oil
oil made from olives.
Baby oil
cathouse
blue-movies
blue-chip
NOT
foroil
babies
made from babies
oil
a house where men visit prostitutes
2. Conversion
Definition: Assigning an already existing
word to a new syntactic category.
Examples:
butter (N) to butter the bread
permit (V) an entry permit
empty (A) to empty the litter-bin
3. Clipping
Definition: Shortening a polysyllabic word
by deleting one or more syllables
Examples:
Facsimile fax
Hamburger burger
Gasoline
Advertisement
Omnibus
4. Blends
Definition: Similar to compounds, but
parts of the words are deleted.
Examples:
Motor + hotel Motel
Breakfast + lunch Brunch
Wireless + Fidelity Wi-Fi
Is this a blend?
Case Study: Blends or Compunds
‘Wild-haired revolutionaries like Che Guevara have been
replaced by clean-cut metrosexual icons like soccer
star David Beckham and musician Ricky Martin.’
(cbsnews.com, 25th November 2003).
‘No botox for the Retrosexual. No $1,000 haircuts. The
retrosexual man eats red meat heartily and at times
kills it himself.’ (The Washington Dispatch, 2nd May
2004).
Another recent coinage borne out of the current
preoccupation with male stereotyping is the noun and
adjective technosexual. (Macmillan Online, January
2005).
5. Back-formations
Definition: Creative reduction due to
incorrect morphological analysis.
Examples:
editor (1649)
edit (1791)
television (1907)
televise (1927)
6. Acronyms
Definition: Words derived from the initials of
several words
Examples:
severe acute respiratory syndrome
SARS
Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
SCUBA
Other examples of Acronyms:
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Radar
FYI
TGIF
a.k.a
Html
www
SWOT
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Radio detecting and ranging
For Your Information
Thanks God It’s Friday
also known as
Hypertext mark-up language
World wide web
Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats
7. Onomatopoeia
Definition: Words created to sound like the
thing that they name.
English
Japanese
Tagalog
Indonesian
Cock-a-doo Kokekokko Kuk-kakauk Kukuruyuk
Meow
Nya
Niyaw
Meong
8. Eponyms
Definition: Words derived from
proper names or things.
Examples:
Kodak
Sandwich
Celcius
Complete the process and
Identify the type of word formation:
1. Return on Investment
2. information, entertainment
3. modulator, demodulator
4. love, seat
5. International, police
6. A comb
7. delicatessen
8. Capt. Charles Cunningham Boycott
ROI
acronym
Infotainment blends
Modem
blends
Loveseat compounding
Interpol
blends
To comb
conversion
Deli
clipping
Boycott
eponym