Transcript FIRST DECLENSION Lesson 5 J. Gresham Machen New …

THE FIRST DECLENSION
Lesson 5
J. Gresham Machen
New Testament Greek for Beginners
Definitions, the endings, vocabulary
46. Vocabulary
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‘ale’theia, he, truth
basilei’a, he,
kingdom
graphe’, a writing,
a scripture
do’xa, he, glory
eire’ne, he, peace
‘ekklesi’a, he,
church
entole’,
commandment
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zoe’, he, life
heme’ra, he, day
kardi’a, he, heart
parabole’ he,
parable
phwne’, he, a
voice
psuche’, he, a
soul, a life
hw’ra, he, an hour
47. All nouns of the first declension
ending in alpha (a) or eta (e) are
feminine.
48. Declension of hw’ra, he, an
hour:
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SINGULAR:
N. hw’ra
G. hw’ras
D. hw’ra
A. hw’ran
V. hw’ra
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PLURAL
N. hw’rai
G. hw’rwn
D. hw’rais
A. hw’ras
V. hw’rai
The declension of basileia, he,
a kingdom
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The declension of basileia, he, a
kingdom, is exactly like that of
hw’ra, since here also is a long
accented penult in the
nominative singular followed by
a long a in the ultima.
Declension of basilei’a, he, a
kingdom:
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SINGULAR:
N. basilei’a
G. basilei’as
D. basilei’a
A. basilei’an
V. basilei’a
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PLURAL
N. basilei’ai
G. basilei’wn
D. basilei’ais
A. basilei’as
V. basilei’ai
Declension of ekklesi’a, he,
church:
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SINGULAR:
N. ekklesi’a
G. ekklesi’as
D. ekklesi’a
A. ekklesi’an
V. ekklesi’a
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PLURAL
N. ekklesi’ai
G. ekklesi’wn
D. ekklesi’ais
A. ekklesi’as
V. ekklesi’ai
53. The declension of ale’theia,
he, truth, is as follows:
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SINGULAR
N. ale’theia
G. alethei’as
D. alethei’a
A. ale’theian
V. ale’theia
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PLURAL
N. ale’theiai
G. ‘aletheiw’n
D. alethei’ais
A. alethei’as
V. ale’theiai
The declension of heme’ra,
he, day, is as follows:
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SINGULAR
N. hemera
G. heme’ras
D. heme’ra
A. hemeran
V. heme’ra
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PLURAL
N. hemerai
G. hemerwn
D. hemerais
A. hemeras
V. hemerai
The noun ale’theia, he, truth
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Has a short a in the ultima in the
nominative singular. In the first
declension, when the a is short in the
nominative singular, it is also short in
the accusative singular.
In the accusative plural, the a is long
in all first-declension nouns.
The accent follows the noun rule
everywhere except in the genitive
plural.
54. The declension of doxa,
he, glory, is as follows:
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SINGULAR
N. do’xa
G. do’xes
D. do’xe
A. do’xan
V. do’xa
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PLURAL
N. do’xai
G. doxw’n
D. do’xais
A. do’xas
V. do’xai
55. Declension rule: when the
nominative ends in alpha (a)
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The alpha (a) in the nominative
singular of first declension
nouns is changed to eta
(represented by e) in the
genitive and dative except after
epsilon, iota, or pi.
56. The declension of graphe,
he, a writing, a scripture
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SINGULAR
N. graphe’
G. graphes
D. graphe
A. graphe’n
V. graphe’
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PLURAL
N. graphai’
G. graphwn
D. graphais
A. grapha’s
V. graphai’
The declension of eire’ne, he,
peace
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SINGULAR
N. eire’ne
G. eire’nes
D. eire’ne
A. eire’nen
V. eire’ne’
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PLURAL
N. eire’nai
G. eire’nwn
D. eire’nais
A. eire’nas
V. eire’nai
The declension of entole’, he,
commandment
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SINGULAR
N. entole’
G. entole’s
D. entole’
A. entole’n
V. entole’
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PLURAL
N. entolai’
G. entolwn
D. entolai’s
A. entola’s
V. entolai’
The declension of zoe’, he, life
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SINGULAR
N. zoe’
G. zoe’s
D. zoe’
A. zoe’n
V. zoe’
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PLURAL
N. zoai’
G. zown
D. zoai’s
A. zoa’s
V. zoai’
57. Declension rule: when the
nominative ends in eta.
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When a first declension noun
end ends in eta, n(e), in the
nominative singular, the eta is
retained throughout the singular.
But the plurals of all first
declension nouns are alike.
Eta letter in Greek looks like n,
but the sound is long e.
59. Exercises:
From Greek to English
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1. psuche’ ble’pei zoe’n.
A soul sees life.
2. basilei’a ginw’skei ale’theian.
A kingdom knows truth.
3. ‘anthrwpos gra’phei entola’s kai` no’mous.
A man writes commandments and laws.
4. ‘apo’stoloi lamba’nousi dou’lous kai dwra
kai ‘ekklesi’as.
Apostles take slaves and gifts and churches.
5. ‘apo’stoloi kai` ‘ekklesi’ai ble’pousi zoe’n
kai` tha’naton.
Apostles and churches see life and death.
59. Exercises (continued)
From Greek to English
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6. huio’s dou’lou le’gei parabole’n
ekklesi’a.
A slave’s son tells a parable to a church.
7. parabole’n le’gomen kai entole’n kai
no’mon.
We tell a parable and a commandment
and a law.
8. basilei’as ginw’skete kai ekklesi’as.
Ye know kingdoms and churches.
9. ekklesi’an dida’skei apo’stolos kai
basilei’an doulos.
An apostle teaches a church and a slave
a kingdom.
59. Exercises (continued)
From Greek to English
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10. no’mon kai parabole’n gra’phei
‘anthrwpos ‘ekklesi’a.
A man writes a law and a parable to a
church.
11. kardi’ai anthrw’pwn ‘echousi zw’en kai
eire’nen.
Hearts of men have life and peace.
12. phwne’ aposto’lwn dida’skei psucha’s
dou’lwn.
A voice of apostles teaches souls of
slaves.
13. hwra echei doxan.
An hour has glory.
59. Exercises (continued)
From Greek to English
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14. phwnai’ ekklesi’wn didaskousi
basilei’as kai anthrw’pous.
Voices of churches teach kingdoms and
men.
15. ble’peis dw’ra kai do’xan.
You see gifts and glory.
16. gra’phei ekklesi’a lo’gon zwes.
He writes a word of life to a church.
17. le’gei kardi’ais anthrw’pwn parabole’n
kai no’mon.
He tells a parable and a law to hearts of
men.
18. gra’phei ekklesi’a huio’s apostolou.
A son of an apostle writes to a church.
59. Exercises
From English to Greek. (I can give you the
answers if you like, but try doing this first).
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1. A kingdom takes glory.
2. Churches are saying parables to hearts of
men.
3. A heart of a man is teaching an apostle, and
a voice of an apostle is teaching a servant.
4. We have writings of apostles.
5. Churches have peace and glory.
6. A day sees life and death.
7. Apostles take temples and kingdoms.
8. We see houses and temples and churches.
9. A servants says a parable to hearts of men.
10. We voices of churches and words of truth.
12. A voice of an apostle says a parable to
souls of men.