Transcript Respiratory Protection

Developing an OSHA Compliant
Respirator Program
Stan Liang, CIH, CSP, CET
KTA-Tator, Inc.
Respiratory Protection Webinar
Objectives
 Brief overview of the
following:
 Procedures for implementation of respiratory
protection
 Requirements of the OSHA Respiratory
Protection Standard
 Elements of a written respiratory protection
program
 Resources for additional
information
Respiratory Protection
• Last line of defense in protecting employees from
harmful dusts, mists, gases and vapors
• Feasible engineering controls or work practice
must be implemented before the use of respiratory
protection can be considered
• Job rotation not permitted by some OSHA
standards
Engineering Controls
• Vacuum shrouded power
tools
• Ventilation
• Wet surface preparation
methods
• Substitution
Respiratory Protection
• Must be selected in accordance with procedures
established in the respiratory protection program
• Must be fitted, used, and maintained properly
• Must be provided at no cost to the employee
Maximum Use Concentration
(MUC)
• Key consideration in the selection of respiratory
protection
• Determined by multiplying the respirator’s
Assigned Protection Factor (APF) times the
Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)
• Level of airborne hazards should not exceed the
MUC
Respirator Classification
• Air-purifying respirators
• Air-supplied respirators
Air-Purifying Respirators
Uses mechanical filters or chemical cartridges to
remove contaminants from the air that workers
breathe
Half Face APR
• Assigned Protection
Factor of 10
• Can not be used if
respiratory hazards can
cause eye irritation
Full Face APR
• Assigned Protection
Factor of 10 or 50
• Protection factor depends
on fit test method
Powered Air Purifying Respirator
• Uses battery operated
blower
• APF ranges from 25 to
1000
• Loose fitting hood or
helmet type may be
assigned to workers
unable to wear tight
fitting air purifying
respirators
Filter Selection for Toxic Metals
• HEPA cartridges must be used for toxic metal
hazards
• HEPA cartridges designated as N100, R100, or
P100
Filter Selection for
Painting Operations
• Organic vapor (black) cartridges for roller/brush
application
• Organic vapor (black) cartridges with mist prefilter for spray painting
Air-Purifying Respirator and PAPR
Limitations
• Can not be used in conditions considered
immediately dangerous to life and health
• Can not be used where oxygen concentrations are
below 19.5%
• Can not be used if concentration of respiratory
hazards exceed the protection factor of the
respirator
Air-Purifying Respirator and PAPR
Limitations
• Cartridges have a limited service life
• Cartridges have a limited shelf life
• Personnel who have severe scarring or other
conditions which prevent the mask from sealing
to the face may not use tight fitting air-purifying
respirators
Air-Supplied Respirators
Provides the wearer with a continuous supply
of clean, breathable air delivered to a tightfitting facepiece or loose-fitting hood
Supplied Air Respiratory Protection
• Assigned Protection
Factor up to 10,000
(depending on the type of
respirator)
• Tight fitting full face air
line with auxilliary SCBA
can be used in confined
spaces with IDLH
atmospheres
Air-Supplied Respirator
Limitations
• Length of air line must not exceed 300 feet
• Line may kink, be cut, or be entangled
• Line may become contaminated
Air-Supplied Respirator
Limitations
• Use only air line, vortex, and other equipment
specified by the manufacturer
• Pressurize the air line in accordance with
manufacturer specifications
• Air line couplings must be compatible with
breathing air systems only
Air-Supplied Respirator
Limitations
• The compressed air bottle for the escape SCBA
must be hydrostatically tested in the following
intervals:
– Every 3 years - aluminum wrapped with fiber glass
– Every 5 years - steel
• Supplier of breathing air must certify in writing
that breathing air is Grade D quality
Air-Supplied Respirator
Limitations
• Grade D requirements:
–
–
–
–
19.5% to 23.5% oxygen
Less than 10 ppm CO
Less than 1,000 ppm CO2
Less than 5 mg/m3 hydrocarbons
• Do not use pure oxygen as breathing air
Air-Supplied Respirator
Limitations
• Portable or self contained compressed air
cylinders used as breathing air sources last from
30 minutes to 60 minutes
• Escape SCBAs usually provide 5 minutes of air
• A low pressure alarm must be provided (if using a
breathing air cylinder)
Abrasive Blasting Respirators
Type CE
• Required for abrasive
blasting
• Check with manufacturer
if using for other
applications
• Provides a protection
factor of 1,000 (selected
makes and models) or 25
• Not for immediately
dangerous to life and
health atmospheres
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Respirators must be inspected before and after use
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspect facepieces for:
– Excessive dirt or contamination
– Cracks, tears or holes
– Cracked, scratched, or improperly mounted facepieces
(on full facepiece masks)
– Cracked or broken air purifying element holders
– Damaged threads/gaskets
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspect headstraps or head harness for:
– Broken straps or headbands
– Loss of elasticity
– Broken or malfunctioning buckles and attachments
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspect facepiece interior for:
– Foreign material
– Cracks, tears, or distortion in valve material
– Cracks, breaks, or chips in the valve body, particularly
at the sealing surfaces
– Missing or defective valve covers
– Improper installation of valve bodies
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspect air-purifying elements for:
–
–
–
–
–
Incorrect cartridges/pre-filters
Loose connections/cross threading
Expired cartridge shelf life date
Cracks/dents on cartridge
Evidence of prior use
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspect breathing tube (if air line used) for:
– Broken or missing gaskets or O-rings
– Missing or loose hose clamps
– Deterioration found by stretching hose and looking for
cracks and tears
Inspection of Respiratory Protection
• Inspection of air line systems for:
–
–
–
–
–
Bottle on escape pack fully recharged
Cylinder for supplying breathing air fully charged
Breathing air in cylinder (if used) certified as Grade D
Pressure in air line as specified by manufacturer
Low pressure alarm functional
Donning Respiratory Protection
• Once the respirator is donned, the wearer should
check that the mask is properly placed on the face
and the straps are properly tightened
• The positive or negative pressure check must be
performed each time the respirator is donned
Negative Pressure Seal Check
Positive Pressure Seal Check
Procedures for Use of
Respiratory Protection
• Users of tight-fitting masks must not have facial
hair that interferes with facepiece seal
• Contact lenses may be worn with respiratory
protection
• Other PPE worn with respiratory protection can
not interfere with the seal of tight fitting
respirators
Procedures for Use of
Respiratory Protection
• Respirator users shall leave the work area when:
– Workers need to wash their face and respirators to
prevent skin irritation
– Vapor or gas breakthrough is detected
– Filters require replacement
Cleaning Respiratory
Protection
• Wipe interior/exterior of respirator with
manufacturer approved towelette at the end of the
shift
• Use mandatory OSHA procedures when:
– Respirator is heavily contaminated
– Respirator is used by another person
Respirator Storage
• What is a good practice in
this picture?
• What mistakes are shown
here?
Respirator Storage
• Do not store respirators in areas where they are
exposed to the following:
–
–
–
–
–
Contamination
Direct sunlight
Dust
Extreme temperatures
Must be packed or stored to prevent deformation
Repairing Respiratory Protection
• Remove defective respirators from service
• Make repairs in accordance with manufacturer
recommendations
• Use only manufacturer approved parts
Medical Evaluations
• Medical evaluations must be provided to wearers
of respiratory protection before fit testing or use
• Employees who refuse an evaluation can not be
assigned to tasks where respirators are required
• Provided by a physician or healthcare
professional (within the scope of their license)
• Evaluations are conducted by having the
employee complete the questionnaire in Appendix
C of the standard
Medical Evaluations
• Questionnaire must be administered in a time and
place convenient to the employee
• Translation of the questionnaire is required for
non english speakers
• Employees have an opportunity to discuss the
questionnaire and results with healthcare
professional
Medical Evaluations
• The employee must be provided with a copy of
the medical determination
• Information collected via questionnaires is kept
strictly confidential
Medical Evaluations
• The medical determinations include the following
information:
– Limitations on respirator use
– Medical fitness
– Need for follow-up evaluations
Medical Evaluations
Evaluations (in addition to initial evaluation) provided
if:
• Employee reports signs or symptoms related to the
ability to use a respirator
• Health care professional or Respirator Program
Administrator determines that the employee needs to be
evaluated
• Information from fit testing or program evaluation
indicates the need for another evaluation
• Changes in workplace conditions result in increased
Fit Testing
• Required annually for all tight fitting respirators
• Must be performed for each make, model, and
size worn
• Another fit test is needed for a change in weight
or other medical condition which could change
respirator fit
• Workers must be clean shaven and medically
approved to be fit tested
Qualitative Fit Testing
• Must be performed in
accordance with
Appendix A
• Several options permitted
by OSHA
Quantitative Fit Testing
• Required only for full
face air purifying
respirators
• Must be performed
following procedures in
Appendix A
Elements of a Respiratory
Protection Program
• Designation of a Respirator Program
Administrator
• Procedures for selecting respirators (hazard
evaluation required)
• Medical evaluations
• Procedures for proper use (including written
change schedules for gas/vapor cartridges)
Elements of a Respiratory
Protection Program
• Procedures and schedules for cleaning,
disinfecting, storing, repairing, and maintaining
respirators
• Procedures for evaluating the effectiveness of the
program
Training Program Requirements
• Required annually or if there are changes in the work
place, evidence that training is not effective, or other
indication that retraining is needed
• Training topics include why respirator use is required,
proper procedures for use, limitations of respirators,
and requirements of the standard.
• Hands on training, information in manufacturer
manuals, and documentation of training is
recommended
Elements of a Respiratory
Protection Program
• Atmosphere must be classified as IDLH under the
following conditions:
– oxygen level less than 19.5%
– concentrations of toxic gases above IDLH
concentrations
– hazard evaluation is not performed
Elements of a Respiratory
Protection Program
• Procedures for IDLH atmospheres include the
following:
– use SCBA or combination SCBA/air line respirators
– workers stationed outside the work area for emergency
response
– employer must be notified before start of rescue
operations and be able to provide necessary assistance
Voluntary Respirator Use
• Respirators may be provided to the employee
where use is requested but not required
• Use of respirators must not create a hazard to the
worker
• Worker training must include the content of
Appendix D
• Workers must be medically approved
Additional Information
•
•
•
•
www.osha.gov
29 CFR 1926.103 (or 29 CFR 1910.134)
OSHA Compliance Directive (CPL 2-0.120)
Small Entity Compliance Guide for the Revised
Respiratory Protection Standard
• Respirator manufacturers
• NIOSH certified equipment list
• Health and safety professionals
Questions