Transcript EUwood (2009v01)

Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau
Zentrum Holzwirtschaft
Universität Hamburg
CONTENT
1
Wood resource balance –
woody biomass overview
2
Resources flows
3
Resources flow developments
4
Sustainability and carbon
sequestration in resources
07.07.2015
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
2
1 „Wood resource balance“ - overview
Wood resource balance Europe (EU/EFTA)
(in M. m³(e)) 2007 - actual use
sources
uses
industrial roundwood
(logs)
416
other forest wood and bark
110
chips, particles & residues
120
other woody biomass
158
balancing adjustment
23
total
827
469
material use
358
energy uses
Round wood equivalent m³(e)
(solid cubic meter equivalent):
How much solid cubic meter
of wood is transfered from
one sector to another?
827
total
Source: Mantau / Steierer / Hetsch /Prins (2008) ; Steierer (2009)
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
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1 „Wood resource balance“ - overview
Europe (EU/EFTA) (in M. m³) 2007 - actual use
sources
uses
logs
416
other coarse wood
forest rest wood
100
195
sawmill industry
180
pulp industry
78
panel industry
bark
10
16
other material uses +)
woody biom. outside forest *)
14
12
wood based fuel industry **)
chips, particles & residues
120
black liquor*)
75
post consumer wood
55
energy products **)
14
balancing adjustment
23
827
total
biomass power plants
346
private households
other energy uses ++)
827
total
*) e.g. landscape care wood and short rotation plantations; **) e.g. pellets, briquettes; +) e.g. veneer, insulating boards
Source: Steierer (2009) Euwood-project State of the Art report
65 % primary wood fibre
07.07.2015
Mantau: Stoffliche und energetische Verwendung
43% energetische Nutzung
4
2 „Wood resource balance“ - overview
Cascade uses - example
sources
uses
[ mio. m³]
[ mio. m³]
100
100
sawmill industrys
industrial Roundwood - unrep.
20
panel industry
fuelwood – JFSQ
10
pulp industry
industrial Roundwood
fuelwood – unrep.
other physical utilization
bark
10
wood fuel industry
used logging residues
5
power and heat
woody biomass outside forest
4
industrial internal
5
private households
chips, particles & residues
40
pulp production co-products
4
undifferentiated energy use
10
cascade factor of wood resource balance
for Europe on primary biomass: 1,53
recovered wood
processed wood fuel
∑ total sources in example: 154
30.05.2008
100%
100%
154
∑ total uses
5
2 Resource flows
Calculation of real cuttings based on utilized amounts
Germany in M m³ (2005)
Recorded availability (RA)
56.946
77.8%
Import (Im)
2.820
3.9%
Total availability (TA)
73.204
100.0%
Unrecorded availability (UA)
16.258
22.2%
Change in Stock (CiS)
-0.036
0.0%
Export (Ex)
Calc. domestic availability (CDA)
69.990
100.0%
Pulp industry
6.184
8.8%
6.070
8.3%
Energy plants > 1MW
0.840
1.2%
Panel industry
7.470
10.7%
Energy plants < 1MW
3.463
4.9%
Sawmill industry
37.234
53.2%
households
14.214
20.3%
Other energy uses
Other material uses *)
0.585
0.8%
0.000
TA = CDA + (Ex – Im) + ΔCiS
0.0%
UA = TA - RA
Consumption (CDA) = (RA + UA) + (Im – Ex) + ΔCiS where (RA = production when UA = 0)
08-03-16
Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance
6
3 Resource flow developments
For time series of traditional resource flows official statistics are
normally quite useful
Example for Germany in M m³
in Mio. m³ - comparing
50
saw mill industry
45
40
35
panel industry
pulp industry
others
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Source: Mantau, Szenarien 2008-2012
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
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2012
3 Resource flow developments
Creating time series in undocumented sectors
(e.g. energy uses of woody biomass)
Few empirical information – many assumtions
solution: openess in assumptions
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Total
[Mio. m³]
7,424
7,492
7,560
10,323
10,416
10,511
10,607
10,703
10,800
10,898
10,997
11,097
11,198
11,300
11,865
12,458
13,393
14,732
20,703
Rate
0,9%
0,9%
36,5%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
0,9%
5,0%
5,0%
7,5%
10,0%
40,5%
fuelwood. fuelwood fuelwood fuelwood
LCW
garden
forest
total
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
3,4%
7,9%
65,8%
77,1%
3,4%
8,1%
67,0%
78,5%
3,5%
8,2%
68,2%
79,9%
3,6%
8,4%
69,4%
81,4%
3,6%
8,5%
70,6%
82,8%
3,7%
8,7%
71,9%
84,2%
3,7%
8,8%
73,1%
85,6%
3,7%
8,7%
72,2%
84,6%
3,6%
8,6%
71,3%
83,6%
3,6%
8,5%
70,4%
82,5%
3,6%
8,4%
69,5%
81,5%
3,5%
8,3%
68,7%
80,4%
assortment
share in %[%]
(Originalsortimente)
Anteile
SMPB
post
SMBP
cons. briquettes
Sägew.
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,5%
14,4%
6,0%
2,6%
13,1%
5,5%
2,6%
11,8%
4,9%
2,6%
10,5%
4,4%
2,7%
9,2%
3,8%
2,7%
7,9%
3,3%
2,8%
6,6%
2,7%
2,8%
6,9%
2,9%
2,8%
7,1%
3,0%
2,8%
7,4%
3,1%
2,8%
7,7%
3,2%
2,8%
7,9%
3,3%
SMBP
pellets
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,1%
0,1%
0,2%
0,3%
0,3%
0,4%
0,5%
0,6%
0,7%
0,8%
0,9%
SMPB
chips
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,2%
0,2%
0,4%
0,6%
0,7%
0,9%
1,1%
SMBP
dust
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
0,1%
Sum
%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
others
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,0%
0,3%
0,5%
0,8%
1,1%
1,3%
1,6%
2,0%
2,3%
2,7%
3,1%
3,5%
SOURCE: MANTAU, U.; SÖRGEL, C.; W EIMAR, H.; (2007): Holzrohstoffbilanz Deutschland, Bestandaufnahme 1987 bis 2005, Hamburg, 2007, 66 S.
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Mantau: Concept of the national wood resource balance
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3 Resource flow developments
Energy uses in M m³ - example Germany
in M m³ (comparing plot)
30
private housholds
25
20
heat & powerplants > 1 MW
heat & powerplants < 1MW
BTL
15
10
5
0
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
07.07.2015
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
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4 Sustainability (natural production)
Comparison of net anual increment forest growth with
consumtion transfered in net annual increment.
(Yearly calculations are a bit problematic because of data accuracy.)
in M. m³ (NAI)
120
100
80
'Yearly NAI (standing volume) on FLAW
Consumption (*1,3) in 'NAI'
60
40
20
0
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
2009
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
07.07.2015
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
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2011
4 Sustainability (natural production)
Comparison of gross anual increment forest growth with
other changes (mortality, land use) and consumtion (m³ NAI)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1987-2002
2003-2007
2008-2012
gross annual increment
consumption
other changes
change in standing volume
Source: Mantau, Holzrohstoffbilanzen 2002, 2005, 2007
07.07.2015
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
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4 Carbon sequestration
Wood resource stream analysis from forest to use and disposal
Resources
100%
Industrial restwood form
semi finished production
26.7 %
Net export semi
finished products
4.3%
net import finished
products + unreported
11.9%
wood products in use
39.6% (58.1%)
losses and material
compression
4.0%
market volume
semi finished
65.0 %
market volume
finished
68.3% (100%)
disposal after use
28.6% (41.9%)
Industrial restwood form
finished production
8.6%
total material
in disposal system
37.2%
Source: MANTAU, U., BILITEWSKI, B.: Stoffstrom-Modell- Holz, 2005, nach KIBAT, K. D.
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4 Carbon sequestration
Carbon sequestration effects of woody biomass uses
in Germany (1993-2012)
60
in Mt CO2
CO2-sequestration by material uses
CO2-substitution by energy uses
50
CO2-sequestration by forest standing volume
40
30
20
10
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
2003
2005
2007
Source: Mantau, U. (2009): Wachsende Bedeutung der CO2-Speicherung in der Holzverwendung, AFZ-Der Wald, 16/2009, S 885, 886
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
2009
2011
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB) is
a tool to document an overview on all
relevant sources and uses of a
resource.
► Data availability of new sources and
new uses is the biggest challenge in
calculating a wood resource balance.
► Until better statistical documentation of
theses markets time series can be
derived on assumtions as long as they
are openly documented.
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Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
14
Conclusions
► The Wood Resource Balance (WRB)
can be uses as a monitoring system for
sustainability of the natural reserves of a
resource.
► Depending on the existence of end use
studies and disposal statistics it is
furthermore a tool for calculation carbon
sequestration in woody biomass uses
on the basis of empirical, actual data.
07.07.2015
Mantau: Availability of EU woody biomass
15
Availability of woody biomass
for European forests
Prof. Dr. Udo Mantau
Zentrum Holzwirtschaft
Universität Hamburg