Transcript No Slide Title

European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
EU Activities on Hydrogen
07/07/2015

Energy consumption and CO2 emission

Alternative fuels development

Hydrogen perspectives

EU support to hydrogen development
Slide 1
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Trends in Energy Consumption
EU-25
Baseline trends
2500
Mtoe
2000
Coal
Oil
1500
Natural Gas
Nuclear
1000
Renewable
Total
500
0
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
• Oil remains main energy source
• Natural gas increases its share considerably
• Renewable energy sources remain at low level
07/07/2015
Slide 2
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Trends in CO2 Emissions
EU-25
Baseline trends
Mt CO2
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
Transport
2500
2000
1500
1000
Households
Electricity
Industry
Tertiary
Energy
Total
500
0
1990
2000
2010
2020
2030
• CO2 emissions increase after 2010
• Electricity production and transport remain main emitters
07/07/2015
Slide 3
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
EU Activities on Alternative Fuels
EU activities on alternative fuels are part of a policy aiming at:
 Security of energy supply
 Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
(Energy Green Paper 11/2000)
(Transport White Paper 9/2001)
Energy efficiency and alternative fuels are complementary

Communication on alternative fuels (11/2001):
Biofuels, Natural gas, Hydrogen

Contact Group Alternative Fuels (Report 12/2003):
Expert assessment of market development perspectives of the main alternative fuels

High Level Group Hydrogen (Report 5/2003):
Vision of a hydrogen economy

European Technology Platform on hydrogen and fuel cells(1/2004):
Facilitator to research, development and deployment

Research Framework Programmes with increasing efforts on hydrogen, fuel cells
Research & development & demonstration projects (e.g. CUTE hydrogen bus project)
07/07/2015
Slide 4
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Alternative Fuels
Market Development Scenario
25
23
Hydrogen
5
20
Natural Gas
Biofuels
14
15
2
%
10
8
10
5
2
5
2
0
2005
07/07/2015
6
2
2010
7
2015
8
2020
Slide 5
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Contribution of Alternative Fuels
20% market share of alternative fuels provide
Security of energy supply
Substitution of 70 Megatonnes oil per year,
 Amount of total North Sea production in 2020
Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
Saving of 80 Megatonnes CO2 per year,
 Amount of about 10% of total transport emissions
07/07/2015
Slide 6
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Main Alternative Fuels
- Perspectives and Issues Bio Fuels:
Domestic resource base; mature for the broad market.
 economic incentives
Broadening of resource base with synthetic biofuels.
 feedstock, logistics, pilot plants
Natural gas:
Diversification of resource base; potential for
significant market share in the medium term.
 supply infrastructure, vehicle choice,
economic incentives
Hydrogen:
Potential for main energy carrier in the long term.
 broad research + focused technical development;
integrated (“lighthouse”) demonstration projects
07/07/2015
Slide 7
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Alternative Fuels Contact Group

Objective
Technical and economic assessment
of alternative motor fuels;
Priority on natural gas and hydrogen;
Biomass derived synthetic fuels
and LPG included.

Members of expert group
Fuel suppliers, car manufacturers,
consumers, research institutions,
civil society
07/07/2015
Slide 8
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Energy Consumption and CO2 Emission
- Hydrogen and conventional Vehicles WTT: Well-To-Tank
TTW: Tank-To-Wheels
WTW: Well-To-Wheels
Energy
C-H2 FC hyb.
C-H2 FC hyb.
2010
FC
C-H2 FC
H2
*
C-H2 FC
C-H2 PISI hyb.
C-H2 PISI hyb.
L-H2 PISI
L-H2 PISI
C-H2 PISI
C-H2 PISI
CNG PISI hyb.
2010
FC
H2
*
CNG PISI hyb.
TTW
CNG PISI
WTT
Conv. Diesel Hyb+DPF
TTW
CNG PISI
WTT
Conv. Diesel Hyb+DPF
Gasoline Hyb
2010
ICE
Conv. Diesel DICI+DPF
Gasoline PISI
Gasoline Hyb
2010
ICE
Conv. Diesel DICI+DPF
Gasoline PISI
Conv. Diesel DICI
2002
Gasoline PISI
Conv. Diesel DICI
2002
Gasoline PISI
0
100
200
300
MJ / 100 km
07/07/2015
GHG
400
500
0
50
100
150
200
250
g CO2eq / km
Slide 9
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Hydrogen Economics

Hydrogen fuel supply cost
With most economic supply of hydrogen from natural
gas steam reforming: Twice the cost of petrol (€/J).
 Economic with high efficiency fuel cell engine

Hydrogen infrastructure cost
With economic customer base for re-filling stations:
cost in the range of a few percent of the vehicle cost.
 Economic with staged build-up from clusters

Hydrogen vehicle cost
Presently very high costs of fuel cells and tanks
 Large reduction required
07/07/2015
Slide 10
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Investment Cost for H2 Infrastructure
(10,000 filling stations)
Investment [billion EUR]
16
low utilized filling station
14
Filling stations
12
LH2 trailers
H2 compression
10
H2 liquefaction
H2 generation
reasonable utilized filling station
8
6
4
2
0
LH2 El
LH2 NG
CGH2 El
(onsite)
CGH2 NG
(onsite)
5 million vehicles
07/07/2015
LH2 El
LH2 NG
CGH2 El
(onsite)
CGH2 NG
(onsite)
9 million vehicles
Slide 11
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Fuel supply cost
per liter gasoline equivalent
Fuel supply costs [EUR/l gasoline equivalent ]
3,00
2,50
Filling station
Distribution
H2 compression
H2 liquefaction
incl. 10 kV
distribution: +1 cents/kWhe
incl. 0.4 kV
distribution: +3 cents/kWhe
LH2 El-4: 4 cents/kWhel
LH2 El-7: 7 cents/kWhel
LH2 El-10: 10 cents/kWhel
H2 generation
2,00
1,50
1,00
0,50
gasoline
0,00
LH2 El-4 LH2 El-7 LH2 El-10 LH2 NG
4 cents/kWh (HV)
7 cents/kWh (HV)
CGH2 Electrolysis (onsite)
07/07/2015
10 cents/kWh (HV)
CGH2 NG
(onsite)
Slide 12
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Co-Production of Hydrogen and
Synthetic Fuels from Biomass
Hydrogen Fuel
H2
Biomass
Thermal
Gasification
Gas-To-Liquid
(GTL)
CO
Biomass-ToLiquid (BTL)
Fuels
Synthesis
Synthesis
gas
Production plants for synthetic fuels from biomasse
could allow co-production of:
Hydrogen / liquid Biomass-To-Liquid (BTL) fuels
07/07/2015
Slide 13
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
EU Funding for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell
Research and Development
Support in Framework Programmes FP2-FP6 (1986-2006)
250
?
200
(M€)
FP2
FP3
FP4
FP5
FP6
145
150
100
58
50
32
8
0
FP2
07/07/2015
FP3
FP4
FP5
FP6
Slide 14
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
EU Funding for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell
Research and Development
Fifth Framework Programme (1998-2002):
145 M€
(About 70 projects)
Sixth Framework Programme contracts in 2004: 100 M€
(16 new projects)
New calls with Community funding in 2005:
~ 150 M€
(Evaluation in February 2005)
Growth Initiative Quick Start Projects 2004-2015: 2.8 b€
(European Council 12 December 2003)
07/07/2015
Slide 15
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
EU funded Hydrogen Projects
in Sixth Framework Programme
Contracts awarded 2003-2004:
Hydrogen production:
5 projects
Hydrogen storage:
1 projects
Safety, regulations, codes, standards:
2 projects
Hydrogen pathways:
7 projects
Hydrogen end-use:
3 projects
07/07/2015
Slide 16
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Hydrogen Demonstration Project
CUTE - Clean Urban Transport for Europe

27 hydrogen powered buses

Demonstration in 9 European cities
(Porto, Madrid, Barcelona, London,
Luxembourg, Hamburg, Stuttgart,
Amsterdam and Stockholm)

Production, distribution and refueling

Exploring the potential of renewables
as primary energy source

Co-operation with Iceland (ECTOS)
and Australia (STEP)
07/07/2015
http://www.fuel-cell-bus-club.com/index.html
Slide 17
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Technology Platform
Commission H/FC Project Team
(Inter-service Group)
HLG Vision
Member States’
Mirror Group
Steering
Panels :
(possible)
Initiative
Groups :
Advisory Council
Strategic Research
Agenda
H2/ FC
Roadmap
TP Secretariat
Information Office
IT Support Service
(incl. Executive Group)
Public
awareness
Deployment Strategy
(incl. policy framework)
Safety, codes
& standards
Financing &
Business
development
Education &
training
PLATFORM OPERATIONS
New and on-going projects and initiatives (EC + MS national, regional and local)
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
(Bi-) annual Technology Platform Forum
07/07/2015
Slide 18
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
European Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Technology Platform
Expected deliverables:

Strategic Research Agenda (March 2005)

Deployment Strategy (March 2005)

European Roadmap for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Proposals for Public-Private Partnerships

Framework for Platform / policy making interaction

Strategy for international cooperation
07/07/2015
Slide 19
European Commission, Directorate-General Energy and Transport
Future European Hydrogen and Fuel Cell
Research and Development Programme
Seventh RTD Framework Programme

Period: 2007-2013

Budget proposal: Doubling of Sixth Framework funds

Strategic Orientientation: COM(2004)353 of 16 June 2004

Time schedule:





Framework programme proposal:
Work programme proposal:
Adoption of both programmes:
First calls for project proposals:
Spring 2005
Autumn 2005
Summer 2006
End 2006
New Element: Joint Technology Initiative:
Large-scale public-private partnerships involving high investments,
New integrated approach to RTD,
Legal, technical, managerial frameworks required.
07/07/2015
Slide 20