Transcript Diapositiva 1 - Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
SBS - Review
JLab : 22/Jan/2010
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Concepts and Status
of the GEM trackers
Evaristo Cisbani / INFN-Rome Sanità Group
1
• Requirements for tracking
• Conceptual design
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Outline
• GEM design details
– Mechanics
– Service components
• Electronics
• Beam tests
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
– GEM technology
– Modular approach
– Very preliminary results
2
Luminosity
(s·cm2)-1
Tracking Area
(cm2)
GMn - GEn
up to 7·1037
GEp(5)
SIDIS
Resolution
Angular
(mrad)
Vertex
(mm)
Momentum
(%)
40x150
and 50x200
<1
<2
0.5%
up to
8·1038
40x120,
50x200 and
80x300
<0.7
~1.5
~1
0.5%
up to 2·1037
40x120,
40x150 and
50x200
Large
Area
~ 0.5
~1
<1%
High
Rates
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Experiments
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Different (e,e’h) experimental configurations
Down to ~ 70 mm
spatial resolution
Maximum reusability: same trackers in different setups
3
High Background Rate (up to):
(low energy g and e) 1 MHz/cm2
Drift
NO
MPGD
Silicon
MHz/mm2 MHz/mm2
High Resolution (down to):
Achievable
70 mm
50 mm
30 mm
Large Area:
from 40×150 to 80×300 cm2
Doable
Very
Expensive
… and modular: reuse in
different geometrical
configuration
YES
GEM
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
System Requirements
Tracking Technology
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Choice of the technology
mMs
Flexibility in readout geometry
and lower spark rate
4
GEM foil: 50 mm Kapton + few
mm copper on both sides with
70 mm holes, 140 mm pitch
Ionization
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
GEM working principle
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Multiplication
Multiplication
Multiplication
Readout
Strong electrostatic
field in the GEM holes
Recent technology: F. Sauli, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A386(1997)531
Readout independent from ionization and multiplication stages
5
• Hit rate not an issue
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Ar/CO2/CF4 (60/20/20)
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Rate capability
Triple GEM
Poli Lener, PhD Thesis - Rome 2005
6
Ar/CO2 (70/30)
Use of not-outgassing
epoxy
Change in HV
6.3 kHz/mm2
Altunbas et al.
NIMA 515 (2003) 249
25 kHz/mm2
Expected max. collected charge in GEp:
0.5 mC/mm2/y
g-ray 1.25 MeV
Ar/CO2/CF4 (45/15/40)
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
X-ray 8.9 keV
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Aging in COMPASS and LHCb
No significant aging expected
Alfonsi et al.
Nucl. Phys. B 150 (2006) 159
7
COMPASS readout plane (33x33 cm2)
and results
C. Altunbas et al.
(analog readout)
NIMA 490 (2002) 177
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Spatial Resolution in COMPASS: 70 mm
70 mm resolution achieved by strips centroid
 Analog readout required
8
Use the same “basic” module for all trackers types
– Size: 40x50 cm2 active area + 8 mm frame width
• FEM study:
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Approach: 40x50 cm2 Module
– 3 x GEM foils (double mask technology)
– x/y and u/v coordinates
Two exceptions in readout foil:
1. Front Tracker last 2 chambers:
• Double segmented readout to reduce
occupancy (Pentchev talk)
2. Coordinate Detector:
• 1D strip readout
• 1 mm pitch
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
– 2D strip readout (a la COMPASS) - 0.4 mm pitch
9
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Material Budget
Based on the COMPASS GEM
• single honeycomb
• smaller copper thickness
Window
Mylar
Drift
Copper
Kapton
GEM Foil
Copper
Kapton
Grid Spacer
G10
Readout
Copper-80
Copper-350
Kapton
G10
NoFlu glue
Honeycomb
Nomex
G10
Gas
(CO2)
X0
mm
Area
Fraction
X0
%
S-Density
g/cm2
1
10
1.39
287
1
0.0035
0.0014
1
1
3
50
8.96
1.42
14.3
286
1
1
0.0210
0.0175
0.0027
0.0071
6
3
3
50
8.96
1.42
14.3
286
0.8
0.8
0.1007
0.0420
0.0129
0.0170
3
2000
1.7
194
0.008
0.0247
0.0082
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
30
120
60
8.96
8.96
1.42
1.7
1.5
14.3
14.3
286
194
200
0.2
0.75
0.2
1
1
0.0042
0.0157
0.0021
0.0619
0.0300
0.0005
0.0020
0.0009
0.0204
0.0090
1
2
6000
120
1 13125
1.7
194
1
1
0.0457
0.1237
0.6000
0.0408
1
9000 1.84E-03 18310
1
0.0492
0.542
0.0017
0.725
Total
Minimise material to reduce background (Pentchev talk) and multiple scattering
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Quantity Thickness Density
mm
g/cm3
1
0
• 3D di Francesco
cover
drift
3 x transfer+induction
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Single Module Mechanical Structure
honeycomb
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
gas in/out-let detail
1
1
 Readout along all sides
− not strictly required in x/y
unless additional segmentation
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Readout Plane and ZIF extension
of the readout plane
− weight balance
 Extension feeds into ZIF
x/y
connectors:
− no soldering on the readout foil
− permit safer bending
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
− unavoidable in diagonal u/v
 Small frame width (8 mm);
minimize dead area
• Require precise cutting around the
ZIF terminals
Rui De Oliveira design based on
our preliminary drawing
In production
1
2
Conceptual design
v
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
u
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
± 45° u/v readout plane and fan-out configuration
Detailed design in progress
1.25% dead area in v plane
(in simpler configuration)
1
3
• 7 independent HV channels for each
chamber (TBC)
• 3 HV identical doublets + 1 for drift (same on
all GEM foils); each doublet serves one GEM
foil, unused will be cut.
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Detail of the HV distribution
20 5×20 cm2
HV sectors
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
• SMD protection resistors, under the thin
frame
GEM active area
SMD
resistor
pads
Use the HV modules
developed by Corradi/Murtas
at LNF
1
4
Load cells
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Uniform and controlled
stretching of the foil
(30 kg on the load cells)
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Assembling tools: GEM foil stretcher
In production
Francesco Noto; inspired by Bencivenni @ al. (LNF)
1
5
GEp(5) SBS
Front Tracker
Geometry
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
x6
 Modules are composed to form larger
chambers with different sizes
 Electronics along the borders and
behind the frame (at 90°) – cyan and
blue in drawing
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
SBS Tracker Chambers configuration
X(4+4)
 Aluminum support frame around the
chamber (cyan in drawing); dedicated
to each chamber configuration
Back Trackers Geometry
1
6
Area
(cm2)
Number of Readout
Chambers
Pitch
(mm)
Modules/
Total
Chamber Modules
Total
Readout
Channels
FT
40x150
6
2D
4(x/y)
2(u/v)
0.4
1×3
18
49000
+
13500
ST
+
TT
50x200
4+4
2D
2(x/y)
2(u/v)
4×0.4
1×5
20+20
13600
+
13600
CD
80x300
2
1D
y+y
1.0
2×6
24
12000
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Tracker
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
GEM Trackers Accounting
Total chs. 101700
Last 2 FT modules with strips split in the middle (double segmentation on each site)
ST and TT readout groups 4 strips in GEp(5) with binary readout
1
7
Green = FE card
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Electronics layout and outer support
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Cyan = Module frames
Cards and modules are
supported by an outer
aluminum frame which
runs all around the
chamber.
Optimization is in
progress.
Red= Outer Support Frame
1
8
GEM  FEC  ADC+VME Controller  DAQ
80 mm
Main features:
• Use analog readout APV25 chips (wire-bonded on standard PCB, no
ceramics): proven to work in COMPASS
• ZIF connector on the GEM side (no soldering on readout foil)
• Minimum electronics components (front-end + VME custom module)
• Copper connection between front-end and VME
Thanks to Michael Böhmer and Igor Konorov from TUM
for very productive discussions on the design of the APV25 based FrontEnd card
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Up
to
10
m
49.5 mm
2D Readout
8 mm
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Electronics Components
1
9
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Front End Card
Front End card based on
COMPASS original design
Digital IN/OUT
+ LV
The APV25 chip (originally
developed for SiD in CMS)
ANALOG
OUT
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Bus like digital lines
(CLOCK, trigger and I2C) &
Low Voltages
Single differential line for the
ANALOG out
ZIF connectors on the GEM
side (no soldering on
readout foil); minimize
thickness
800 front-end cards needed
to the next card
First front-end
prototypes under test
2
0
 VME controller hosts the digitization of the analog signals coming from the frontend card.
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
From the VXS backplane:
1. Trigger L1/L2
2. Synch
3. Clock
4. Busy (OUT)
(duplicated on front panel)
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
VME64x Custom Controller
 Handle all control signals required by the front end cards (trigger/clock/I2C)
 Compliant to the JLab/12 VME64x VITA 41 (VXS) standard
 Designed with the possibility to detach the ADC subcomponent to extend FECVME64x distance (expected to be ~7 m)
 50 modules required
More on DAQ  Hansen Talk
2
1
• Dec/09: preliminary beam test at DESY-II test area (low
intensity electron beam from 1 to 6 GeV) of 2 10x10 cm2
2D prototypes + Gassiplex electronics
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Beam Tests
– Characterize the small chamber
• March/10: Expected next test/data taking in high lumi at
JLab/PREX experiment (with new electronics)
• Late Spring/10: Planned test of 40x50 cm2 module at
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
– Prepare for the full size module test
DESY
– Demonstrate the large module works as expected
– Improve design
2
2
Silicon Tracker
+ scintillator fingers
Beam
HV Power Supply
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
2x 10x10 cm2 GEM prototypes
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
DESY beam test in Dec/09: setup
2
3
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
DESY beam test in Dec/09 - pedestals
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Baseline subtracted
pedestals
Gassiplex Readout (not
optimized for negative charge),
700 ns shaping time
2
4
Ar/CO2 70%/30%
3 GeV Electron Beam
DGEM = 410 V
Vdrift = 2.5 kV/cm
VGEM = 2.5 kV/cm
Vind = 3.5 kV/cm
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
DESY beam test in Dec/09 - event example
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Single Event
Cumulated (Beam profile)
2
5
DGEM = 410 V
Vdrift = 2.5 kV/cm
VGEM = 2.5 kV/cm
Vind = 3.5 kV/cm
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
DESY beam test in Dec/09 – x/y correlation
Total Charge in cluster
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Maximum charge in strip
2
6
2 0 0 8 2 0 0 9 2 0 1 0 2 0 1 1 2 0 1 2 2 0 1 3
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Preliminary Study
Conceptual Design
Detailed Design
Small area Tracking Telescope
Fulla Scale Prototyping
Electronic Design and Prototyping
Full scale GEM module
Detailed Design Revised
HV System Design
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
SBS Front Tracker Project
Tracking Modules
Readout electronics
Other components
Integration
Modules
Modules Tests
Chambers
Chambers Tests
Installation
Commissioning

E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Production
INFN groups involved in the front tracker development + electronics
BA: Gas system
CA: Mechanics + Test + MC + Slow Control
GE: Electronics
ISS/RM: Prototyping, Test, Digitization + Reconstruction, SiD, Coordination
Collaboration and funding  Liyanage Talk
2
7
• 3 different trackers required in the SBS experiments;
– support high rate,
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Conclusions
– down to ~70 mm spatial resolution
– large areas
– high rate and spatial resolution proven in real experiments
• Modular approach to get large area detectors, and at the same time
to guarantee the already achieved performance
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
• GEM technology adopted
• Detail design almost completed, first 40x50 cm2 module in
production, test in late Spring/10
• Electronics based on APV25; first prototypes under test
2
8
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Backup slides
2
9
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Foil stretched with 30 kg weight
Electrostatic field of 10x5 kV/cm (1 Pa)
Permaglass frame
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
Choice of the frame width - FEM
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
<40 mm distorsion assumed safe
3
0
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
• First 10x10 prototypes
under cosmic test
• Using 70/30 Ar/CO2 gas
mixture
• 7 Independent HV levels
up to ~ 4000 V
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
GEM: Prototype 0 and 1
Assembling the GEM chambers parts require
a careful quality control at several check
points and specific tools for gluing, heating,
testing, cleaning
Final 40x50 cm2 module finalized; GEM foils and readout ordered
3
1
Visual inspection back-light board
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Clean Room Tools and Facilities
HV single foil testing station
Assembling the GEM chambers parts require a careful quality control at
several check points and specific tools for gluing, heating, testing, cleaning
3
2
7 HV levels
must rump
up/down
coherently
Low pass filters
JLab 22/Jan/2010 SBS - Review
HV
management is
not trivial!
E. Cisbani / SBS Trackers
Slow Control
3
3