Transcript Curriculum Update - UT Teen Health Sex Education Program

CURRICULUM UPDATE
2008
Goals


Understand the latest trends and current
recommendations regarding adolescent sexual
health.
Discuss major updates to WTW Curriculum
-Where to meet emotional needs
-Boundaries, levels of friendship
-Renewed abstinence introduced at a younger age
-More emphasis on resisting peer pressure; assertiveness
training
-Benefits of marriage are highlighted
United States Teen Birth Rates 1980-2006
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Preliminary Data 2006.
What are Teens Reporting?



47.8% of all high school students reported ever
having had sexual intercourse.
35% of all high school students reported having
sexual intercourse within the last 3 months
14.9% of high school seniors reported having had
sex with > 4 partners
CDC, National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2007
Costs of Teen Childbearing in Texas
In 2004:


The cost to taxpayers associated with teen
childbearing was about $1 billion dollars.
Average annual cost associated with a child born
to a mother 17 and younger is $2,997.
By the Numbers: The Public Costs of Teen Childbearing in Texas. Nov 2006
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy
What are Teens Saying?

78% of teens say that
teens should not be
sexually active.

91% of teens say
they should be given
a strong message of
abstinence from society.
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, 2007
Sexually Experienced Teensre
100%
About 2/3 wished they had waited….
2007
2004
80%
71%
60%
66%
60%
67%
63%
57%
40%
20%
0%
All sexually experienced teens
Sexually experienced teens aged 12- Sexually experienced teens aged 1514
19
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy; With One Voice, 2004, 2007.
Understanding the Secrets of the Teen Brain
www.offthemark.com
Development of the Adolescent Brain
•Adolescents usually make
decisions with the Amygdala,
which is the center of emotions
rather than the frontal cortex,
which is the center of reason
and judgment
•Their brains are rapidly
molding into an adult structure
based on life experiences.
Weinberger, et al. The Adolescent Brain, 1999
Where do Teens Learn about Sex?
 The
average teen receives 14,000 sexual images
each year. (That’s about 40 per day)
 Teens
say that they want
information about sex
from parents; but that
they usually receive it
the media.
"Sexuality, Contraception, and the Media." American Academy of Pediatrics
Committee on Public Education. January 2001.
from
Use It or Lose It Molds the Brain
Giedd, et al. Nature Neuroscience, 1999
Weinberger, et al. The Adolescent Brain, 1999
Images from May 2003; Time Magazine
Medical Fact:
Adolescent Sex and Multiple Sexual
Partners are Well Documented Health Risk
Behaviors.
CDC, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, 2007
Adolescent Sexual Activity / Multiple Partners
Associated with:
 Teen
/ out-of-wedlock
pregnancy
 Precancer/cancer: cervix,
anus, penis, vulva
 Socioeconomic detriment
 Psychological problems
 Tubal
pregnancy
 Infertility
 Legal ramifications
 Pain, even death
Adult Cervix
Adolescent Cervix
Photo provided courtesy of the Medical Institute
STDs are Epidemic
STD
Trichomoniasis
HPV
Chlamydia
HSV-2
Gonorrhea
Hepatitis B
Syphilis
HIV
Estimated Incidents/Year
7,400,000
6,200,000
2,800,000
1,600,000
718,000
73,000
70,000
56,000
Estimated total of new sexually transmitted Approx 19,000,000
infections each year in the U.S.
Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health. 2004, 36(1): 6-10.
JAMA, HIV/AIDS issue, August 3, 2008. Estimated for 2006.
1970
16
20
26
30
35
Age at first
intercourse
26.2
2002
10
17.4
AGE
20.6
19.2
Age of First Intercourse & First Marriage in
Women: 1970 & 2002
First marriage
J Adol Health 2006; 38:72-81
Benefit of Delayed Sexual Activity: Fewer
partners
Average number of voluntary
lifetime partners
25
20
15
10
5
0
<12
13-14
15-18
19-20
21-25
26+
Age of First Voluntary Sexual Intercourse
Source: CDC, National Center for Health Statistics, National Survey of Family Growth, 1995
The Heritage Foundation. 2003.
Managing the Sexually Transmitted Disease
Pandemics: A Time for Reevaluation
“…the promotion of optimal life-long health can
be achieved most effectively through delayed
sexual debut, partner reduction, and the
avoidance of risky sexual behaviors.”
Genuis S, Genuis SK. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2004;191: 1103-12.
Curriculum Updates




6th grade – More emphasis on strategies to avoid
dangerous situations, meeting emotional needs in
healthy ways, renewed abstinence introduced
7th grade – Boundaries
8th grade – Handling peer pressure through
assertiveness training
High School- More emphasis on healthy
relationships and the benefits of marriage.
Healthy Boundaries
Levels of Friendship

New chapter in the 7th
grade curriculum
helping children to
recognize the levels of
friendship
Soul Mate
Best Friends
Friends
Acquaintances
Defining renewed abstinence


This concept is
presented in all grade
levels. Teens need to
know that at each
opportunity they may
choose to refrain from
sexual activity.
This kind of practice in
controlling sexual
urges can help them
throughout their lives.
Survey of U.S. Parents and Teens
Teen pregnancy prevention programs should teach young people
to be married before they have a child.
Disagree
somewhat
9%
Disagree
strongly
6%
Agree
somewhat
14%
Disagree
somewhat
8%
Disagree
strongly
6%
Agree
somewhat
20%
Agree strongly
69%
Adults
Agree strongly
65%
Teens
National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy, December 2004
Chemical Bonding
Each new sexual contact
results in chemical changes in
both the male and female
brain causing a bonding
effect.
 Multiple sexual partners make
it difficult to bond with one’s
marriage partner years later.

Lim, MM & Young, LJ . Harm Behavior, 2006; Kahmetal. Journal of Marriage & Family, 1991;
Hahn, et al. Journal of Family Medicine, 1991
Teen Questions:
Can I get pregnant even if he
uses a condom?
Can I get pregnant the first
time I have sex?
Can I get pregnant from
having sex in a swimming
pool?
Teens and Birth Control

None are 100% effective

Teens vs. Adults

No hormone-containing
methods of birth control
can protect against STDs
CONDOMS
If used correctly with every
sexual encounter:
 85-87%
risk reduction with
HIV
 About 50% risk reduction
with other STDs.
Ahmed S. 2001 AIDS
Baeten JM. 2001 Am J Obstet Gynecol.
NIAID. 2001 Scientific Evidence on Condom Effectiveness
Winer RL 2006. N Egl J Med.
Winer RL. 2003 Am J Epidemiol.
Manhart L. 2003 Sex Transm DIs.
Davis KR. 1999 Fam Plann Perspect;
Vaccarella S. 2006 Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev
Reality of Condoms

Don’t cover all the areas.

Can slip off or break.


Highest pregnancy rate of
all leading contraceptives.
Can’t protect the heart.
HPV Vaccine: GARDASlL®




Vaccine approved in June of 2006 for prevention
of genital warts and precancer/cancer of the
cervix, vulva, and vagina.
Of the 40 types of HPV known to infect the genital
area; the vaccine covers: HPV 6,11,16, and 18.
HPV 6 and 11 are responsible for 90% of the
genital wart cases.
HPV 16 and 18 are responsible for approximately
70% of cervical cancer cases
HPV Vaccine: GARDASIL®





Quadrivalent Vaccine: HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18
found to successfully induce an antibody response
to all 4 types of HPV in females vaccinated
between the ages of 9 to 26.
Males and other age groups of females are being
studied.
ACIP recommends vaccination before potential
exposure to HPV through sexual contact.
Routine vaccination for females ages 11 & 12 with
“catch-up” vaccination for females ages 13 – 26.
3 injections at 0, 2 months, & 6 months
Braaten & Laufer, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) HPV-Related Diseases and the HPV
Vaccine, Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vol. 1 No. 1, 2008
Sexual AbuseAbuse
Indecency
 Child pornography
 Date rape

Incest
 Fondling
 Forced sex

1 in 4 girls and 1 in 7 boys
will be sexually abused by age 18
National Center for Victims of Crime (2007)
Your Legal Obligation




Professionals must make a verbal report to a
law enforcement agency within 48 hours.
Reporting suspected abuse to your superiors
does NOT satisfy the law.
Local school district policy cannot conflict with or
supersede state law.
Parents are obligated to protect their child.
Failure to Report


Failure to report suspected child abuse or neglect
is a misdemeanor.
Punishment: Imprisonment up to 180 days and a
fine of up to $2,000.
Why Wait?
Abstinence is not
an end in itself. It
is a means to
healthy
relationships and
healthy futures.
Program Expansion
Since 2003…
• 65,000 Students
• 24 Public School Districts
• 8 Private Schools
Contact Information
Phone: (210) 567-7036
 Fax: (210) 567-7042

[email protected]
www.iamworththewait.org
American Pregnancy Association
Helpline: 1-800-672-2296