Transcript Radio Communications for CERT members

Radio Communications
for
CERT members
CERT EMCOMM 101
2010 - WR4U.NET
Rich Marshall – WR4U
• Licensed Extra Class Amateur Operator
• AEC (Assistant Emergency Coordinator)
Jessamine Co. A.R.E.S.
• President of J.A.W.S.
(Jessamine Amateur Wireless Society)
• Member BARS (Bluegrass Amateur Radio Society)
• Member WCARC
(Woodford County Amateur Radio Society)
• Member A.R.R.L. (American Radio Relay League)
• Member LFUCG C.E.R.T.
EMAIL: [email protected]
2010 - WR4U.NET
What is this class?
•
An introduction to Emergency Radio Communications with an
emphasis on applications for CERT members.
• Goals:
o Increase awareness of radio communications in
emergency situations
o Provide opportunities for further participation in
radio communications
o Provide tools and materials for self-study
o Encourage CERT members to obtain an FCC
amateur license
2010 - WR4U.NET
What is this class NOT?
This is NOT a class to help you obtain an amateur
radio license.
If you have an interest in obtaining an amateur radio
license, I am an ARRL Volunteer License Instructor and
a Volunteer Examiner with W5YI
If enough CERT team members have interest I will be
glad to provide training and testing sessions to help
anyone interested get licensed.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Who should attend?
• Any CERT team member
who wants to increase
his/her knowledge of
radio communications.
2010 - WR4U.NET
What will I learn?
• Part I 6 pm-6:30pm
o What is “Radio” ?
• Part II 6:30 pm – 6:45 pm
o Introduction to HAM radio
• Part III 7 pm-7:45 pm
o Amateur Radio in Emergency Services
• Part IV Q&A
2010 - WR4U.NET
Remember why we are here
• CERT is about readiness, people helping people,
rescuer safety, and doing the greatest good for the
greatest number. CERT is a positive and realistic
approach to emergency and disaster situations
where citizens will be initially on their own and their
actions can make a difference. Through training,
citizens can manage utilities and put out small fires;
treat the three killers by opening airways, controlling
bleeding, and treating for shock; provide basic
medical aid; search for and rescue victims safely;
and organize themselves and spontaneous
volunteers to be effective.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Always Remember:
• The primary focus of the program is to establish a
self-help cadre of citizen volunteers with the
emphasis on self-sufficiency for their families first,
and their neighborhoods second. These volunteers
can be deployed at anytime a large-scale natural,
man-made or terrorist disaster affects our
community.
2010 - WR4U.NET
What is Radio?
• Radio is the transmission of signals by modulation
of electromagnetic waves with frequencies below
those of visible light. Electromagnetic
radiation travels by means of oscillating
electromagnetic fields that pass through the air and
the vacuum of space. Information is carried by
systematically changing (modulating) some
property of the radiated waves, such as
amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width. When
radio waves pass an electrical conductor, the
oscillating fields induce an alternating current in the
conductor. This can be detected and transformed
into sound or other signals that carry information.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Part I – What is Radio?
• Receivers, Transmitters and Transceivers
o Receive only radios
• Weather Radio
• AM/FM Radio, Digital TV, Satellite Digital Radio
• SWL
• Ham bands
o Transmitters
• Commercial stations, Boat anchors, Morse Code
o Transceivers
• Cell phone !!!
• FRS, MURS, GMRS
• CB Radio
• Ham Radio
• Commercial Radio
2010 - WR4U.NET
Every home should have
weather radio!
• http://www.weather.gov/nwr/
2010 - WR4U.NET
AM/FM Radio, Digital TV, Satellite Digital Radio
• The EAS covers AM, FM and ACSSB(R) (LM(R)) radio,
and VHF, UHF and cable television including lowpower stations, Digital television and cable
providers, along with XM and Sirius satellite
radio, Worldspace, IBOC, DAB and digital
radio broadcasters have been required to
participate in the EAS since December 31, 2006.
DirecTV, Dish Network, Muzak, DMX Music, Music
Choice and all other DBS providers have been
required to participate since May 31, 2007.
2010 - WR4U.NET
SWL – Shortwave Radio
• Shortwave listening (abbreviated as SWLing) is
the hobby of listening to shortwave radiobroadcasts
located on frequencies between 1700 kHz and
30 MHz. Listeners range from casual users seeking
international news and entertainment programming to
hobbyists immersed in the technical aspects of radio
reception and DXing. In some developing countries,
shortwave listening enables remote communities to
obtain regional programming traditionally provided by
local medium wave broadcasters. Some estimates have
placed the number of shortwave listeners worldwide in
the millions.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Ham Band Receivers
• UHF/VHF Scanners and receivers can monitor local
repeaters and simplex traffic
• Some SWL receivers can receive Amateur Radio
broadcasts.
• Ham Radio broadcasts can be AM, FM, SSB, CW, or
Digital. All modes can be listened to without a
license, making it a great entry point to Amateur
Radio.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Transmitters
• Once common in Ham Radio to have separate
Transmitter/Receiver, now most rigs are Transceivers
providing both transmit and receive functions in a
single device.
• Broadcast stations use high powered transmitters.
• Morse code “QRP” rigs are often stand alone
transmitters
• There are still many “boatanchor” transmitters in use
in amateur radio.
2010 - WR4U.NET
Cell Phones
• Cell phones are usually the first communication
device available for emergency communications.
• During natural disasters and other emergencies cell
towers are often overloaded or offline, requiring the
use of an alternative means of communication.
• THE SIMPLEST AND MOST CONVENIENT WAY TO GET
THE MESSAGE THRU IS THE BEST
2010 - WR4U.NET
FRS, MURS, GMRS
• FRS – Family Radio Service
o FM UHF No license requiredl
• MURS – Multi-Use Radio Service
o Multiple Modes possible – No License required
• GMRS – General Mobile Radio Service
o FM UHF – REQUIRES AN FCC LICENSE
• FRS/GMRS Dual Service Radios
• Some manufacturers have received approval to
market radios that are certified for use in both the
Family Radio Service (FRS) and the General Mobile
Radio Service (GMRS).
2010 - WR4U.NET
CB Radio
• Still very popular among truckers and those who
spend a lot of time on the highway
• Popularity has waned because of FRS, MURS, and
GMRS but still a valuable commnications tool
2010 - WR4U.NET
Ham Radio and
Commercial Radio
• Bands typically cover “DC to Daylight”
• Licenses are required for operation and are
managed by the Federal Comminications
Commision (FCC)
• Includes radios licensed to first responders; police,
fire, emergency services etc…
2010 - WR4U.NET
ANTENNAS
• As important as the radio itself
• There are receiving antennas, and dual purpose
antennas that send and receive
• Antennas can be directional or omnidirectional
• Antennas can provide gain, increasing the effective
distance for which a radio is effective
• Antennas can be oriented for vertical, horizontal, or
in special cases circular polarity
2010 - WR4U.NET
Types of operation
• Base Station – Fixed Location
• Mobile – Usually mounted in a
vehicle
• Portable – Backpack or “Go Kit”
• Handheld – Commonly referred to
as “HT” for “Handy Talkie”
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Radio, Radio
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Introduction to
Ham Radio
• There are currently three classes of Amateur Radio
Operators licenses being granted to new HAMS in
the United States..
o Technician
o General
o Extra
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Technician
• 35 questions on the test. Passing grade
is 26 correct
• Priveleges
o All VHF and UHF privileges, with some
HF privileges.
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Techician Class
• The technician license is the first license for most
newcomers to ham radio. There are more
technician licenses than of any other class, nearly
50% of all hams
• To get your license you’ll need to pass a 35
question, multiple choice written exam on the rules
of ham radio, simple operating procedures, and
basic electronics.
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General
• 35 questions on the test. Passing grade is 26 correct.
• Privileges are all VHF, UHF, and most HF privileges
2010 - WR4U.NET
Amateur Extra
• 50 questions on exam. Passing grade is 37 correct.
• Amateur Extras enjoy all amateur privileges.
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What do Hams Do?
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•
•
•
•
•
Talking
Sending
Byte-ing
Building
Watching
Emergency Comminications and Public Service
2010 - WR4U.NET
Emergency Response
Organizations
• ARES – Amateur Radio Emergency Service
o Organized by the ARRL
o www.arrl.org/ares
• RACES – Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service
o Works primarily with civil defense agencies
• SATERN – Salvation Army Team Emergency Network
o www.satern.org
• HWN – Hurricane Watch Net
o Works closely with the national hurricane center
• Skywarn – Severe Weather Watch and Reporting
System
o Works closely with the national weather service - www.skywarn.org
2010 - WR4U.NET
What is the message?
•
•
•
•
Who?
What?
Where?
When?
2010 - WR4U.NET
ARRL RADIOGRAM
2010 - WR4U.NET
Radio Communications
for
CERT members
CERT EMCOMM 101
2010 - WR4U.NET