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PANINGIT
Adverbial Particle, Enclitic
Paningit (Modifies verb, adjective, adverb)
• Maikling salita (short word/ particle)
• Nag-iiba ang kahulugan ng mga paningit depende sa
gustong sabihin sa pangungusap. (The meaning of the
paningit differs depending on the environment or how it is
used in the sentence.)
• Kombinasyon ng unlaping pang- (instrument for) at ng
salitang singit (crevice) (It is a combination of prefix
pang- and the word singit.)
• Binubuo ang buong kahulugan o ideya nito ng
pangungusap. (Its full meaning is completed in a
sentence.)
Halimbawa
• 1. pa
• Still – Natutulog pa siya. (He is still sleeping)
• More – Gusto ko pa ng pansit. (I want more pancit.)
• 2. rin ~ din (never used at beginning of sentence)
• Also, as well, in, return – Mabuti rin siya. (S/he is also good.)
• Absolutely, exactly – Siya rin ang nagsabi. (She, herself, said so.)
• Din, mabait siya.-- She is also good.—MALI—X --WRONG
• 3. raw ~ daw
• Is said, so they say, according to someone
• Ano raw ang presyo ng laruan? (What did s/he say the price for the toy
was?)
Halimbawa
• 4. lang (lamang)
• Just, only, limitation in quantity, extent, importance
• Lamang- formal (pormal ang gamit sabi ng ilan)
• Siya lang ang nagbayad. (S/he is the only one who paid.)
• Tama lang ang pagkain. (The food was just enough.)
• 5. ba
• Written/spoken question mark
• Question marker – Maganda ba siya? (Is she beautiful?)
• Impatience – Ano ba? (What?)
• Annoyance in context – Sino bang maingay diyan?
(Who is noisy there?)
Halimbawa
• 6. na
• Already, at this point, now
• Kakain na ‘ko. (I will eat now.)
• Denotes completed action
• Kilala mo na siya. (You know him already.)
• Kumuha na ako ng klase. (I already enrolled in [took] the class.)
Wala / Wala na
nothing (pronoun), no one, no more
Wala nang pasok. (There’s no more class.)
Na lang
In place of, instead – Ito na lang ang ilagay mo. ([You] Put this instead.)
Halimbawa
• 7. pala
• Surprise, so; expresses surprise over unexpected turn of events
• Masaya pala Lola. (So, [I didn’t know] it was fun Grandma.)
• Discovered something
• Kayo pala! (Oh/so, it’s you (plural)!)
• 8. nga
• Indeed, affirms really, truly, confirmation, affirmation
• Wala nga siya rito. (S/he really isn’t here.)
• softener,
• Lutuin mo nga ang isda. (Cook the fish please.)
• Even
• Binigyan ko pa nga siya ng pagkain. (I even gave her food.)
Halimbawa
• 9. naman
• Too, in return, on the other hand, contrasts, instead, one’s turn this
time, else, next, really, truly to emphasize something; to express a
fact; indeed, gentle protest or denial, again, anew, too, in the same
manner, maybe, it seems, perhaps
• Magandang hapon naman. (Good afternoon too.)
• Magbabasa naman tayo ngayon. (We’re going to read next.)
• Ang liit naman! (How small it is!)
• Ikaw na naman. (You again!)
• Ang ganda-ganda naman ng suot mo. Hindi naman. ([Gentle
protest],You’re clothes are very becoming [beautiful]. No, not at all.)
• Ito naman ang gawa niya. (This, on the other hand is his/her work.)
• Hindi naman maganda ang palabas. (The show was not good at all.)
• Maganda naman talaga. (It is indeed beautiful.)
Halimbawa
• 10. yata
• Maybe, it seems, perhaps
• Siya lang yata ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (It seems she’s the only one
who gave a donation.)
• Wala yatang tao. (It seems there’s no one [here].)
• Pupunta yata sila. (Maybe / Perhaps they are going.)
• 11. muna
• First, before one does, anything else
•
•
•
•
Pupunta muna ako sa palengke. ( I will go to the market first.)
Maligo muna tayo. (Let’s take a bath first.)
Bakit hindi muna kayo kumain? (Why don’t you eat first?)
Kumain muna kayo. ([You] Eat first.)
Halimbawa
• 12. kasi/ kayâ/ kanya
• Because; that’s why
• Siya lang kasi ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (It seems because she’s the
only one who gave a donation.)
• Wala kayang tao? (Do you think there’s no one [here]?.)
• Pupunta kaya sila? (Do you think maybe / perhaps they are going?)
• 13. sana
• Express hope, wish, desire of speaker
• Sana pumunta muna kami sa palengke. ( I wish we will go to the market
first.)
• Maligo sana tayo sa dagat. (I hope we will bathe at the beach.)
• Sana kumain muna kayo. (I hope you [pl] will eat first.)
• Sana umulan. ([I] hope it will rain.)
Halimbawa
• 14. tuloy
• Because; that’s why; as a consequence
• Siya lang tuloy ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (So she’s the only one who
gave a donation.)
• Nalilito tuloy ang tao dahil sa misedukasyon. (Consequently people are
confused because of miseducation.)
• Marami akong iniisip kaya hilong-talilong tuloy ako. (I have so many
things on my mind that is why I am confused.)
• 15. man
• Also, too, likewise ; even if
• Magmadali man tayo huli pa rin tayo. (Even if we make haste we will still be
late.)
• Ako man maliligo sa dagat. (Me too (I) will bathe at the beach.)
• Umulan man o umaraw darating ako. ([Even if] Come rain or shine, I will
come.)
Word Order (Ayos ng Salita)
• Paningit usually follow the first word or unit of the
sentence, except when monosyllabic words like ko, mo,
ka are present. In which case, these one syllable words
precede the paningit.
• Pupunta ka ba sa Pilipinas? (Are you going to the Philippines?
• Kainin mo na ang adobo. (Eat the adobo now.)
• Kukunin ko muna ang payong ko. (I will get my umbrella first.)
• Kukunin na lang nila ang tiket sa iyo. (They will just get the ticket
from you.)
• Bakit sila lang na naman daw ba ang magpupunta? (Why are
they the only ones again according to someone who are going?)
Paningit (Enclitics or Adverbial Particles)
• Enclitics or short words: ba, raw/daw; pala, man; kasi, din/rin;
tuloy; muna; kaya; naman; nga; pa; na, yata; lamang/lang;
sana
• Enclitics or mga paningit have a fixed position in a sentence.
In the following sentence, the enclitic na cannot be placed in
another position:
• Kumain sila na ng pansit.
• Kumain ng pansit na sila.
• The only word order that is correct is:
• Kumain na sila ng pansit.
Word Order when several paningit are
used in a sentence
When several paningit are used, the word order is:
pa, rin, daw, lang, ba,
na naman, daw ba
na lang daw ba
na lang daw muna
• Pupunta na naman daw ba tayo sa opisina?
(Are we going to the office again [according to someone]?)
• Pupunta pa rin daw ba tayo sa kanila?
(Are we still going to their place according to someone?)
• Ikaw lang naman daw ang may ayaw.
(It’s only you according to someone who didn’t want to.)
• Siya na lang daw muna ang maliligo.
(She/he will be the [only] one to take a bath first.)
Used in Ads/Commercials
Ginagamit sa mga Ad at Komersyal
• Masarap na, mura pa. (It’s already delicious, it’s also
•
•
•
•
•
cheap.)
Sobra na, tama na! (Too much already, enough now!)
Palitan na! (Change it now!)
Bakit hahanap pa ng iba? Dito na sa sigurado. (Why
still look for another? Go here (now) for the secured/sure
[one that is dependable])
Mag-Western Union na, ngayon din! (Use Western Union
to send money now, right now! (immediately)
Mabilis na ang approval, mababa pa ang interest rate.
(Approval is truly fast, [on top of that] the interest rate is
also low.)
AD
• Hindi pa ho huli ang lahat! Tumawag lang po kayo for
free consultation! (It’s not too late yet! Just call for free
consultation!)
• Hindi lang siya ang naninigarilyo. (He is not the only one
who is smoking.)
• 5 minuto lang sa isang taon para maligtas ang iyong
buhay. (Just 5 minutes in a year in order to save your
life.)
• Pagkahaba-haba man daw ng prusisyon… sa simbahan
din daw ang tuloy. (No matter (even) how long the
procession could be [is], it is said that it always ends at
the church.)
AD
• Ito na ang kabalikat mo! Ang abogadong may pusong
•
•
•
•
Pinoy. (Here is the one who could help you! The lawyer
that has a Pinoy heart.)
To GMA: Senior citizen ka na. Magretire ka na. (You are
already a senior citizen. Do retire now.)
Mahal yang si Atty Gurfinkel, di ba? Oo, mahal nga siya
pero di ka naman niya lolokohin. (Isn’t Atty Gurfinkel
expensive? Yes, he may indeed be expensive but he will
not swindle you.)
Tawag na kayo sa ‘Assured.’ Makakatulong po kami.
(Call ‘Assured/ now. We can help you.)
Mura na, may regalo pa. (It’s already cheap, you even
have a gift.)
Praktis
• Maggawa kayo ng 3 pangungusap gamit ang sumusunod
na paningit.
• Pa- yet, still, more
• Rin ~ Din- also (never used at the beginning of a sentence)
• Raw ~ Daw- according to someone; it is said
• Lang (Lamang)- only; just
• Ba- written question mark; use for yes / no questions
• Na- already, now, someone’s turn, next
• Wala na / Na lang – no more / just only
• Pala- surprise; unawareness (Ikaw pala!- So it’s you!)
• Muna- first; presently; beforehand (sabihin muna natin sa kanya)
• Nga- really; in fact; kindly; please
Kombinasyon
• Nga pala- affirmation; Oo nga pala- oh yes
• Nga Naman- indeed
• Pa yata- seem still
• Na naman- again
• Kaya pala- that is why
• Siyanga pala- by the way
• Naman yata- again it seems; indeed it seems
• Na lang
• Din lang
• Na raw