Transcript Difficult Passages In Hebrews

Difficult Passages
In Hebrews
1
What are we to make of the writer’s use of
the OT? He seems to quote various OT texts
in a very haphazard manner with little
respect for the original context
2
Jesus Is Better Than The Angels
(Heb. 1:4-2:9)
• He is God’s Son (Heb. 1:5)
– Psalm 2:7
– 2 Samuel 7:14
• They owe Him worship (Heb. 1:6)
– Deuteronomy 32:43
3
Jesus Is Better Than The Angels
(Heb. 1:4-2:9)
• He is a King and the Creator (Heb. 1:714)
– Psalm 104:4
– Psalm 45:6-7
– Psalm 102:25-27
– Psalm 110:1
4
Jesus Is Better Than The Angels
(Heb. 1:4-2:9)
• [Parenthetical Exhortation (Heb. 2:1-4)]
• The “world to come” has not been put in
subjection to angels (Heb. 2:5-9)
– Psalm 8:4-6
5
Perfected Through Suffering
(Heb. 2:10-18)
• It was “fitting” (Heb. 2:10)
• The Sanctifier and the sanctified are all
of one (Heb. 2:11)
– Psalm 22:22
– Isaiah 8:17
– Isaiah 8:18
6
Quotations Don’t Match
•
Heb. 1:6 & Dt. 32:43
•
Heb. 1:7 & Psa. 104:4
•
Heb. 2:6-8 & Psa. 8:46
•
Heb. 10:5-7 & Psa.
40:6-8
7
Quotations Don’t Fit Context
•
Psalm 2: The Coronation of the Lord’s
Anointed (Heb. 1:5)
•
Dt. 32: The Song of Moses (Heb. 1:6)
•
Psa. 45: The Wedding of the Lord’s Anointed
(Heb. 1:8-9)
•
Psa. 102: The Lament of the Afflicted (Heb.
1:10-12)
8
Quotations Don’t Fit Context
•
Psa. 110: The Lord’s Anointed King And
Priest (Heb. 1:13)
•
Psa. 8: The Song of the Astronomer (Heb.
2:6-8a)
•
Psa. 22: The Lament of the Forsaken (Heb.
2:12)
•
Isa. 8:17-18: The words of Isaiah (Heb.
2:13)
9
The Writer’s Use Of The OT
•
Paraphrases and allusions
•
Quotations from LXX
•
More than one possible translation
•
Applies passages about Jehovah to Jesus
•
Applies passages “typologically”
•
Quotes one passage that is directly Messianic
•
Borrows language that applies in principle
10
Hebrews & The Septuagint
Hebrews 1:6
• MT: “Rejoice, O nations, with his people, for
he will avenge the blood of his servants; he
will take vengeance on his enemies and make
atonement for his land and people. (Dt.
32:43)
• LXX: “Rejoice, O nations, with his people,
and let all the angels worship him, for he
will avenge the blood of his servants (Dt.
32:43)
11
Hebrews & The Septuagint
Hebrews 1:7
• LXX: “Who maketh his angels winds,
And his ministers a flaming fire.” (Psa.
103:4)
• MT: “Who maketh winds his
messengers; His ministers a flaming fire.”
(Psa. 104:4)
12
Hebrews & The Septuagint
Hebrews 10:5-7
• LXX: “Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not,
But a body didst thou prepare for me; Whole
burnt offering and sacrifice for sin thou didst not
desire….” (Psa. 39:7-9)
• MT: “Sacrifice and offering thou hast no delight
in; Mine ears hast thou opened: Burnt offering
and sin offering hast thou not required….” (Psa.
40:6-8)
13
Hebrews & The Septuagint
Hebrews 10:37-38
• LXX: “…If the vision delay, wait for it, For it
shall surely come, and shall not tarry. If it shrink
back, my soul hath not pleasure in it: But the
righteous one shall live by my faith.” (Hab. 2:3-4)
• MT: “…Though (the vision) tarry, wait for it;
because it will surely come, it will not delay.
Behold, his soul is puffed up, it is not upright in
him: but the just shall live by his faith.” (Hab. 2:34)
14
Hebrews & The Septuagint
Hebrews 11:21
•
LXX: “…and Israel worshipped upon the
top of his staff.” (Gen. 47:31)
•
MT: “And Israel bowed himself upon the
bed’s head.” (Gen. 47:31)
15
Psalm 2:7a
• LXX: “Thou madest him a little lower
than the angels….”
• MT: “For thou hast made him but little
lower than God”
16
Jesus Is Also “Jehovah”
• He is “God” (Jn. 1:1-3)
• He is one with the Father (Jn. 10:30)
• He should receive the same honor (Jn.
5:22-23)
• “Jehovah” is applied to more than one
person (cf. Gen. 19:24; Zech. 2:8-9, 10-11,
12 ASV)
17
More Than One Person
Called “Jehovah”
•  24 Then Jehovah rained upon Sodom and upon
Gomorrah brimstone and fire from Jehovah out
of heaven; (Gen. 19:24, ASV)
•  8 For thus saith Jehovah of hosts: After glory
hath he sent me unto the nations which
plundered you; for he that toucheth you toucheth
the apple of his eye. 9 For, behold, I will shake
my hand over them, and they shall be a spoil to
those that served them; and ye shall know that
Jehovah of hosts hath sent me. (Zech. 2:8-9,
ASV)
18
More Than One Person
Called “Jehovah”
•  10 Sing and rejoice, O daughter of Zion; for, lo, I
come, and I will dwell in the midst of thee, saith
Jehovah. 11 And many nations shall join
themselves to Jehovah in that day, and shall be
my people; and I will dwell in the midst of thee,
and thou shalt know that Jehovah of hosts has
sent me unto thee. (Zech. 2:10-11, ASV)
•  12 And I will strengthen them in Jehovah; and
they shall walk up and down in his name, saith
Jehovah. (Zech. 10:12, ASV)
19
Psalm 2: A Messianic Psalm
Psalm 2
NT Passage
2:1-2
Crucifixion
Acts 4:24-28
2:7
Resurrection
Acts 13:32-33
2:7
Exaltation
Heb.1:5; 5:5
Authority
Rev. 2:26-27;
12:5; 19:15
2:8-9
20
Psalm 2: A Messianic Psalm
• Vs. 2: “The kings of the earth set themselves,
And the rulers take counsel together, Against
the Lord and Against His Anointed….”
• Vs. 8: “Ask of Me, and I will give You the
nations for Your inheritance And the ends of
the earth for Your possession. You shall break
them with a rod of iron; You shall dash them in
pieces like a potter’s vessel.”
21
2 Sam. 7: A Messianic Passage
• Vs. 13: “He shall build a house for My name,
and I will establish the throne of his
kingdom forever.”
• Vs. 16: “And your house and your kingdom
shall be established forever before you.
Your throne shall be established forever.”
22
The Greater “David”
• Jer. 30:9: But they shall serve the Lord
their God, And David their king,
Whom I will raise up for them.
• Hos. 3:5: Afterward the children of
Israel shall return and seek the Lord
their God and David their king. They
shall fear the Lord and His goodness in
the latter days.
23
R.V. G. Tasker
“The kings and priests of the Old Testament
are to him [the writer of Hebrews, ksk] types of
something better and greater to come; for in
none of them was realized all that kingship
and priesthood might mean. Christ is their
antitype, for in Him kingship and priesthood
find their fullest and truest expression.” (The
Old Testament In The New Testament, 117)
24
The Wedding Of The King
(Psa. 45)
• Introduction (45:1)
• The Eulogy of the Groom (45:2-9)
• Advice to the Bride (45:10-12)
• The Entrance of the Bride (45:13-15)
• The Results of the Marriage (45:16-17)
25
Psa. 45: A Messianic Psalm
• This king is called “God” (45:6)
• His reign is eternal (45:6; cf. Dan. 7:14;
Lk. 1:33)
• His rule is righteous (45:6; cf. Psa. 89:14)
• His authority is universal (45:16-17)
26
Psa. 8: A Messianic Psalm
3When
I consider Your heavens, the work of
Your fingers, The moon and the stars, which
You have ordained, 4 What is man that You
are mindful of him, And the son of man that
You visit him? 5For You have made him a little
lower than the angels, And You have
crowned him with glory and honor. 6You
have made him to have dominion over the
works of Your hands; You have put all things
under his feet….
27
Consequences Of The Fall
•
Women bear children in pain (Gen. 3:16)
•
Wives subject to husbands (Gen. 3:16)
•
Ground cursed (Gen. 3:17-18)
•
Men earn bread by sweat (Gen. 3:19)
•
All die physically (Gen. 3:19)
•
Banished from tree of life (Gen. 3:22-24)
•
Animals fear man (Gen. 9:2)
28
Psa. 22: A Messianic Psalm
• 22:1: “My God, My God why have You
forsaken Me?….” (Mt. 27:46)
• 22:8: “He trusted in the Lord, let Him rescue
Him; Let Him deliver Him, since He delights in
Him!” (Mt. 27:43)
• 22:18: “They divide My garments among
them, And for my clothing they cast lots.” (Jn.
19:23-24)
29
Psalm 22 & Calvary
Psalm 22
22:6
Gospels
Reproach of men
Mt. 27:15-26
22:7-8
Mockery
Mt. 27:27-31,
39-44
22:14
Bones out of joint
22:15
Tongue clings
Jn. 19:28
30
Psalm 22 & Calvary
Psalm 22
Gospels
22:16
Hands & feet
pierced
22:17
Count bones
22:17
Look & stare
Jn. 20:25-28
Mt. 27:36
31
Isaiah & The Messiah
Isaiah
7:14
8:14
9:6-7
NT
Virgin-born
Immanuel
Mt. 1:22-23
Lk. 2:34; Rom.
Stone of Stumbling
9:32-33; 1 Pet.
Rock of Offense
2:6-8
Child Born
Rev. 12:1-6
Son Given
32
Problems With Psalm 40
• Confession of sin (40:12)
• Imprecations on enemies
(40:14-15)
• Significant differences
between MT & LXX
33
Psalm 40:6-8
• LXX: “Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not,
But a body didst thou prepare for me; Whole
burnt offering and sacrifice for sin thou didst not
desire….” (Psa. 39:7-9)
• MT: “Sacrifice and offering thou hast no delight
in; Mine ears hast thou opened: Burnt offering
and sin offering hast thou not required….” (Psa.
40:6-8)
34
Proposed Solutions
• LXX reading is a copyist
error
• MT reading is a copyist
error
• LXX offers an
interpretative translation
35
Parallel Expressions
(Heb. 10:5-7)
Sacrifice and offering
In burnt offerings and
sacrifices for sin
You did not desire
You had no pleasure
But a body You have
prepared for Me.
Then I said, ‘Behold I
have come – In the
volume of the book it is
written of Me – To do
Your will, O God
36
Psa. 110: A Messianic Psalm
• Written about someone other than David
– 110:1: “The Lord [Jehovah] said to my
[David’s] Lord [???]….” (Mt. 22:41-46)
• David could not have fulfilled
– 110:1: David did not ascend (Acts 2:32-34)
– 110:4: Davidic kings were not priests
“according to the order of Melchizedek”
37
Borrowed Language
• Heb. 13:5: “I will never leave you nor forsake
you.” (cf. Dt. 31:6)
• Heb. 13:6: “The Lord is my helper; I will not
fear. What can man do to me?” (cf. Psa. 118:6)
• Heb. 2:13a: “I will put My trust in Him” (Isa.
8:17)
• Heb. 2:13b: “Here am I and the children whom
God has given Me.” (cf. Isa. 8:18)
38
Writer’s View Of Inspiration
• Words of God
– “He” or “Him” = God, the Father (Heb. 1:5, 6,
7, 8, 13; 4:3, 4, 7; 5:5, 6; 6:14; 7:21; 8:5, 8;
10:30; 12:26; 13:5)
• Words of Christ
– “He” = Christ (Heb. 2:11-13; 10:5)
• Words of the Spirit (Heb. 3:7; 9:8; 10:15 )
39
What is the “rest” that remains
for the people of God (Heb. 4:9)?
40
God rested
Not Enter Rest
Sabbath
C
Gen. 2:2
M
Psa. 95:11
J
D
Ex. 20:8
Rest Remaining
Canaan
Josh. 1:15; 22:4
Heb. 4:9
Rev. 7:16-17; 14:13
41
Could Jesus have yielded to
temptation to sin (Heb. 2:17-18; 4:14-16)?
42
What does the writer mean when he says
that “it is impossible…to renew them again
to repentance” (Heb. 6:4-8)?
43
Elementary Principles
(Heb. 6:1-3)
•
Repentance from dead
works
•
Faith toward God
•
Doctrine of baptisms
•
Laying on of hands
•
Resurrection of the dead
•
Eternal judgment
44
Hebrews 6:4-6
• Once enlightened (vs. 4; cf. Heb. 10:32)
The People
• Tasted the heavenly gift (vs. 4; cf. 1 Pet. 2:3;
Heb. 2:9)
• Partakers of Holy Spirit (vs. 4; cf. Heb. 3:1;
Gal. 4:6)
• Tasted the good word of God (vs. 5)
The Action
The Results
• Fall away (vs. 6)
• Impossible to renew them again to repentance
(vs. 6)
• They crucify again the Son of God (vs. 6)
• Thorns and briars rejected and burned (vs. 8)
Larry Hafley
45
Hebrews 6:4-6
4For
it is impossible for those who were
once enlightened, and have tasted the
heavenly gift, and have become partakers of
the Holy Spirit, 5and have tasted the good
word of God and the powers of the age to
come, 6if they fall away, to renew them again
to repentance, since they crucify again for
themselves the Son of God, and put Him to an
open shame. [NKJV]
46
Hebrews 6:4-6
4
For in the case of those who have once been
enlightened and have tasted of the heavenly gift
and have been made partakers of the Holy Spirit, 5
and have tasted the good word of God and the
powers of the age to come, 6 and then have fallen
away, it is impossible to renew them again to
repentance, since they again crucify to themselves
the Son of God and put Him to open shame.
[NASB]
47
Neil Lightfoot On Heb. 6:6
“All along the author has expressed himself (in the
Greek original) by the use of participles – have been
enlightened…have tasted…have become
partakers…have tasted. Since all these are translated
with past tenses, it is maintained that the next participle
in the series (parapesontas) should also be translated in
the past. And this is what the British and American
revisions of 1881-1901 did, translating it ‘and then fell
away.’ On the other hand, it is unquestionably
permissible to translate parapesontas as a conditional
participle, the if idea being included in the participle.”
(Jesus Christ Today, 125)
48
James Macknight On Heb. 6:6
“The verbs…, being aorists, are rightly rendered by our
translators in the past time, Who were enlightened, have tasted,
were made partakers. Wherefore…,being an aorist, ought likewise
to have been translated in the past time, have fallen away.
Nevertheless our translators, following Beza, who without any
authority from ancient MSS hath inserted in his version the word
Si, If, have rendered this clause, If they fall away; that this text
might not appear to contradict the doctrine of the perseverance of
the saints. But as no translator should take upon him to add to, or
alter the scriptures, for the sake of any favourite doctrine, I have
translated…in the past time, have fallen away, according to the true
import of the word as standing in connexion with the other aorists
in the preceding verses.” (Macknight on the Epistles, p. 532)
49
An Agricultural Illustration
(Heb. 6:7-8)
The earth which drinks in the rain
that often comes upon it
Bears herbs useful
for those by whom
it is cultivated,
receives blessing
from God
Bears thorns and
briars, it is rejected
and near to being
cursed, whose end is
to be burned
50
“If” Passages In Hebrews
• “If we neglect so great a salvation....” (2:3)
• “If we hold fast the confidence....” (3:6)
• “If you will hear His voice....” (3:7, 15; 4:7)
• “If we hold the beginning of our confidence
steadfast to the end” (3:14)
• “If they fall away....” (6:6)
• “If it bears thorns and briers, it is rejected....”
(6:8)
51
“If” Passages In Hebrews
• “If we sin willfully...there no longer remains a
sacrifice for sins” (10:26)
• “If anyone draws back, My soul has no pleasure
in him” (10:38)
• “If they did not escape who refused Him who
spoke on earth, much more shall we not escape if
we turn away from Him who speaks from
heaven” (12:25)
52
“Let Us” Passages In Hebrews
• Fear lest come short of promise (4:1)
• Be diligent to enter rest (4:11)
• Hold fast our confession (4:14)
• Come boldly to throne of grace (4:16)
• Go on to perfection (6:1)
• Draw near with a true heart (10:22)
• Hold fast confession of hope (10:23)
53
“Let Us” Passages In Hebrews
• Consider one another (10:24)
• Lay aside every weight and the sin which easily
ensnares us (12:1)
• Run the race with endurance (12:1)
• Have grace to serve God acceptably with
reverence and godly fear (12:28)
• Go forth to Him outside the camp (13:13)
• Continually offer the sacrifice of praise (13:15)
54
Calvinists’ Quibbles
(Heb. 6:4-6)
• A hypothetical case
• Hypocritical
pretenders
• Loss of reward, not
salvation
• If you lose it, you can
never get it back
55
Lose Reward But Not Soul
• The reward for the righteous is eternal life
(Mt. 16:26-27)
• The righteous’ reward is in heaven (Lk.
6:23)
• The righteous will receive the reward of
the inheritance (Col. 3:24; cf. 1 Pet. 1:3-5)
56
The Christian’s Reward
• Moses looked to “the reward” (Heb.
11:26)
• The patriarchs looked for “a homeland”
(Heb. 11:13-16)
• Paul promised an “inheritance” (Col.
3:23-24; cf. 1 Pet. 1:3-5)
Heaven
57
Synopses Of Calvinism
“If you seek it, you can’t find it;
if you find it, you can’t get it; if
you get it, you can’t lose it; if
you lose it, you never had it!”
C. R. Nichols
58
Impossible To Renew
(Heb. 6:4-6)
• A Christian who sins can never be forgiven
• It is impossible for human agencies to bring
apostates to repentance, but it is not impossible
for God
• Apostates cannot be brought to repentance as
long as they continue to renounce Christ
• It is impossible to keep on renewing Christians to
repentance again and again without them going
outside the bound of hope
59
Forgiveness For Christians
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Prodigal Son (Lk. 15:24, 32)
The apostles (Mt. 26:31, 56)
Peter (Lk. 22:31-32; Gal. 2:11-14)
Simon the sorcerer (Acts 8:18-24)
John Mark (Acts 12:25; 13:13; 15:36-39; 2 Tim.
4:11)
The immoral Corinthian (1 Cor. 5:1, 4-5)
John’s readers (1 Jn. 1:8-9)
The wanderer from the truth (Jas. 5:19-20)
The Laodiceans (Rev. 3:14-22)
60
Raymond Brown
“Such people ‘keep on crucifying’ (present tense)
for themselves the Son of God , and ‘keep on putting
him to open shame’ (present tense again). If such
people are resolutely determined to respond in this
way to the message of Christ’s love and forgiveness,
then certainly it is ‘impossible to keep on repeatedly
leading them (present tense) afresh into
repentance’.” (“The Message Of Hebrews.” The
Bible Speaks Today, 114)
61
Who was Melchizedek (Heb. 7:1-3)?
62
The Great Melchizedek
• Melchizedek was a king as well as a priest (Heb.
7:1-2)
• Melchizedek received tithes from Abraham
(Heb. 7:2)
• Melchizedek, unlike the Levitical priests, had no
genealogical pedigree (Heb. 7:3)
• Melchizedek blessed Abraham (Heb. 7:6-7)
63
The Great Melchizedek
• Melchizedek’s priesthood takes precedence over
the Levitical priesthood because death has no
hold over it (Heb. 7:8)
• Melchizedek is greater because Levi paid tithes to
him (Heb. 7:9-10)
64
Who Was Melchizedek?
• Shem
• Christ
• Ham
• Holy Spirit
• Descendant of
Japheth
• Heavenly Being
• Job
• Enoch
• Extraordinary
Emanation
• An angel
• Historical Person
• Archangel Michael
65
Melchizedek: A Supernatural Being
• Heb. 7:3: without father, without mother,
without genealogy, having neither
beginning of days nor end of life, but
made like the Son of God, remains a
priest continually.
• Heb. 7:8: Here mortal men receive
tithes, but there he receives them, of
whom it is witnessed that he lives.
66
“Forever” Or “Everlasting
(owlam)
Gesenius: "(A) pr. what is hidden; specially hidden time,
long; the beginning or end of which is either uncertain or else
not defined; eternity, perpetuity. It is used -- (1) of time long
past, antiquity ....(2) It more often refers to future time, in
such a manner, that what is called the terminus ad quem, is
always defined from the nature of the thing itself. When it is
applied to human affairs, and specially -- (a) to individual
men, it commonly signifies all the days of life....Elsewhere -(b) it belongs to a whole race (dynasty), or people, and it
comprehends all the time until their destruction....(c) the
metaphysical idea of eternity (Hebrew-Chaldee Lexicon of the
Old Testament, #5769, pp. 612-613)
67
“Forever Things” Sometimes Cease
Forever
Gen. 17:11-14
Ex. 12:14
Ex. 29:9; 40:15;
Num. 25:13
Lev. 16:29, 31,
34; 23:31
Cease
Circumcision
Gal. 5:1-6;
6:15
Passover
Col. 2:16-17
Aaronic
Priesthood
Heb. 7:11-17
Heb. 9:23-28;
Day Of Atonement
10:1-12, 18
68
“Forever Things” Sometimes Cease
Forever
Cease
Psa. 119:151152, 160
Righteous
Ordinances
Gal. 3:24-25;
Heb. 9:10
Gen. 13:14-17;
17:
7-8; 1 Chr. 16:1618; Psa. 105:911
Land
Possession
Dt. 28:45-46;
1 Chr. 28:9
Sabbath
Col. 2:16-17
Ex. 31:16-17
Psa. 78:69; Eccl.
1:4
Earth
2 Pet. 3:7, 10-1269
There are inconsistencies between the
OT’s description of the tabernacle, and
the description of the tabernacle in
Hebrews (Heb. 9:1-5). How are these
apparent contradictions to be explained?
70
The Furniture Of The Tabernacle
71
The Altar of Incense???
(Heb. 9:3-4)
•
The writer of Hebrews made a mistake (cf. Ex.
30:6-8; 40:26)
– Obj.: This is not possible if the writer was
inspired
•
The altar of incense was actually in the Most
Holy Place (2 Baruch 6:7)
– Obj.: In the postexilic temple, the altar of
incense was located in the Holy Place, not
the Most Holy Place (cf. Lk. 1:9, 11)
72
The Altar of Incense???
(Heb. 9:3-4)
•
The original term [thumiaterion] (cf. 2 Chr. 26:19;
Ezek. 8:11, LXX) refers to the high priest’s
censer (Lev. 16:12), not the altar of incense
[thusiasterion, LXX]
– Obj.: The original term was used by Philo,
Josephus, Symmachus, and Theodotion to
refer to the altar of incense
– Obj.: If this refers to the high priest’s censer,
then the Hebrew writer omits any reference to
the altar of incense, which is very unlikely
73
The Altar of Incense???
(Heb. 9:3-4)
•
The writer does not mean that the altar of
incense was actually behind the veil inside the
Most Holy Place, but that it pertained to the Most
Holy Place (cf. 1 Ki. 6:22; Ex. 40:5; Lev. 16:1213)
– Obj.: The same word (i.e. “had”) is also used
of the ark of the covenant which was
definitely inside the Most Holy Place
74
What does the Hebrew writer mean
when he speaks of “the present time”
when both gifts and sacrifices are offered
(Heb. 9:9)?
75
What Is “The Present Time”?
(Heb. 9:9)
•
“The time then present”
= The Mosaic
Dispensation (Gal. 3:2325)
•
“The time now present”
= The Christian
Dispensation
76
There are inconsistencies between the
OT’s account of the ratification of the
covenant and the consecration of the
tabernacle and the account in Hebrews
(Heb. 9:19-21). How are these apparent
contradictions to be explained?
77
The Omissions
Exodus
Hebrews
Use of goat’s blood
Altar & 12 pillars
Use of water, scarlet
wool & hyssop
Sprinkling of the
book of the covenant
Burnt offerings &
peace offerings
78
Different Wording
• Ex. 24:8: “Behold the blood of the
covenant which the Lord has made with
you in accordance with all these words”
[NASB]
• Heb. 9:20: “This is the blood of the
covenant which God has commanded
you”
79
What does “forsaking the assembling of
ourselves together” mean?
(Heb. 10:24-25)
80
Forsaking The Assembling
(Heb. 10:24-25)
• Complete
apostasy from the
faith
• Neglect of public
worship
81
Forsaking
(Aorist Tense)
• God forsaking Jesus on the cross (Mt. 27:46)
• Christ’s soul not left in Hades (Acts 2:31)
• Paul’s companions abandoning him at his first
defense (2 Tim. 4:16)
• Demas forsaking Paul (2 Tim. 4:10)
• God’s promise to never forsake His people (Heb.
13:5)
82
Forsaking
(Present Tense)
• Paul was persecuted but not forsaken (2
Cor. 4:9)
• Forsaking the assembling together (Heb.
10:25)
83
What is “the Day approaching”
(Heb. 10:25)?
84
The Day Approaching
(Heb. 10:25)
•
The day of death
•
The day of complete apostasy
•
The day of worship [i.e. Sunday]
•
The Day of Judgment
•
The day of destruction for Jerusalem
85
What does the Hebrew writer mean
when he says “if we sin willfully…there
no longer remains a sacrifice for sins”
(Heb. 10:26-31)?
86
What Is “Willful Sin”?
• Not human
weakness or
inclination to sin
• Not merely
consciously sinning
• But sinning with a
“high hand”
87
Hebrews 10:26-31
The People
The Actions
The Results
• “Brethren” (vs. 19)
• Those who “have received the knowledge of
the truth” (vs. 26)
• Those who are “sanctified” (vs. 29)
•
•
•
•
Sin willfully (vs. 26)
Trample Son of God underfoot (vs. 29)
Count blood a common thing (vs. 29)
Insult the Spirit of grace (vs. 29)
• Punishment worse than death (vs. 28-29)
• Judgment and fiery indignation (vs. 27)
Larry Hafley
88
What is the Hebrew writer referring to
when he quotes Habakkuk 2:3-4 which
says “For yet a little while, And He who
is coming will come and will not tarry”
(Heb. 10:36-39)?
89
Habakkuk & Hebrews
Hab. 2:3b-4
Heb. 10:37b-38
3b: Though it [the revelation]
linger, wait for it; it will
certainly come and will not
delay.
37b: He who is coming will
come and will not delay.
4: “See, he is puffed up; his
desires are not upright –[LXX:
And if he shrinks back I will
not be pleased with him.] but
the righteous will live by his
faith.”
38: But my righteous one will
live by faith. And if he shrinks
back, I will not be pleased with
him.
90
The Coming(s) Of The Lord
• Judgment on Egypt (Isa. 19:1, 4; cf. Ezek. 30:15, 18-19; 32:7)
• Judgment on Judah (Joel 2:1-2; Zeph. 1:14-16)
• Judgment on the earth (Isa. 26:20-21)
• Judgment on Jerusalem in 586 B.C. (Jer. 4:1113; Ezek. 34:12-13)
• Judgment on Israel and Judah (Mic. 1:2-7)
91
The Coming(s) Of The Lord
• Judgment on the fourth beast (Dan. 7:13-14, 2122, 24-27)
• Judgment on Jerusalem in A.D. 70 (Mt. 24:27,
30; 26:64; Mk. 13:26; Mk. 14:62)
• Judgment on the ungodly (Jude 14-15)
• Judgment on the persecutors (Rev. 1:7; 14:1420)
• Final Judgment (Acts 1:9-11)
92
What does the Hebrew writer mean
when he says “for he found no place of
repentance though he sought it diligently
with tears” (Heb. 12:12-17)?
93
No Place For Repentance
(Heb. 12:12-17)
•
Esau found no place for repentance in
himself [i.e. He was unable to repent]
•
Esau found no place for repentance in his
father Isaac [i.e. Isaac could not change
his mind after giving the blessing to
Jacob]
94