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Defining Job Descriptions
2
OH 2-1
2-1
Human Resources Management and Supervision
Chapter Learning Objectives
Define job descriptions and explain their
functions.
Identify information needed for job descriptions.
Explain how the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) affects the information in a job
description.
Recognize differences between exempt and
nonexempt positions under the Fair Labor
Standards Act.
Recognize the need to update job descriptions.
OH 2-2
Job Descriptions in the Employment Cycle
Job descriptions relate to several activities in the
employment cycle.
OH 2-3
Job Specifications
Detail the qualifications a person should have to
do the job
Examples
Education
Experience
Emotional and physical skills
OH 2-4
Job Descriptions and Performance Standards
Job descriptions
Indicate the duties that make up a job
Performance standards
Indicate how well a duty must be completed
OH 2-5
Job Description vs. Performance Standard
Duty as a job
description
Greet drive-through
customers
Duty as a performance
standard
Greet drive-through customers
using the standard greeting within
fifteen seconds of their arrival at
the drive-through board.
Example of duty as a job description and as a
performance standard
OH 2-6
Functions of Job Descriptions
For recruiting and screening
For hiring and orientation
For employee development and training
For performance programs and evaluations
For salary administration
OH 2-7
Classes and Grades
OH 2-8
Functions of Job Descriptions continued
Safety and security
Union relations
Legal proceedings
OH 2-9
Job Analysis
Provides detailed breakdown of duties in a
position
Identifies skills, knowledge, attitudes, and
experience needed for success in the position
Tells job’s environmental conditions
OH 2-10
Job Analysis continued
Employees can help with job analysis tasks.
OH 2-11
Developing Job Descriptions
Job descriptions should be free of discriminatory
language.
Information should be specific enough to
indicate job tasks.
Job descriptions should not be so detailed that
the job is defined in rigid terms.
OH 2-12
Components of Job Description
Job identification information (title)
Position supervisor
Job summary
Job responsibilities
Job specifications
OH 2-13
Good Job Descriptions
Do not include information about policies and
operating procedures.
Provide only that information needed to clearly
define the job.
OH 2-14
How Would You Answer
the Following Questions?
OH 2-15
1.
Information about tasks in a position is found
in a _______.
2.
Personal qualities required for success in a
position are identified in a _______.
3.
Job descriptions are only useful during the
hiring process. (True/False)
4.
Before a job description is developed, a
_______ must be conducted.
Job Descriptions Recognize ADA Concerns
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
prohibits discrimination against people with
disabilities in employment.
Job descriptions must identify potential functions
(key duties) employees in a position must be
able to do.
OH 2-16
More About Job Descriptions and ADA
Employers do not need to accommodate a
person if doing so will impose an undue
hardship on the business.
Clear job descriptions should address issues
about whether persons can be accommodated
for a position.
OH 2-17
Exempt and Nonexempt Positions
Minimum wage and overtime pay is not required
for exempt (salaried) positions.
Minimum wage and overtime pay is required for
nonexempt (hourly) positions.
OH 2-18
Traits of Exempt Positions
OH 2-19
Traits of Nonexempt Positions
OH 2-20
Job Descriptions Change Over Time
Responsibilities may change as operations or
employees grow or change.
Job descriptions may change because of
regulations.
Equipment, menu items, and operating
procedures may affect job responsibilities.
Union contracts may change.
OH 2-21
How Would You Answer
the Following Questions?
OH 2-22
1.
A change in a job that enables a person with a
disability to perform the job is called a
_______.
2.
The employer (does/does not) need to
accommodate an employee if doing so would
cause an undue hardship.
3.
Persons in _______ positions do not need to
be paid overtime.
4.
Job descriptions (do/do not) evolve over time.
Key Term Review
Back of the house (BOH)
Bona fide occupational qualifications (BFOQs)
Class
Competencies
Essential functions
Exempt
OH 2-23
Key Term Review continued
Front of the house (FOH)
Grade
Hourly
Job analysis
Job description
Job specifications
Nonexempt
OH 2-24
Key Term Review continued
Performance standards
Reasonable accommodations
Salaried
Scope of a job
Undue hardship
OH 2-25
Chapter Learning Objectives—
What Did You Learn?
Define job descriptions and explain their
functions.
Identify information needed for job descriptions.
Explain how the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) affects the information in a job
description.
Recognize differences between exempt and
nonexempt positions under the Fair Labor
Standards Act.
Recognize the need to update job descriptions.
OH 2-26