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Defining Job Descriptions
2
OH 2-1
2-1
 Human Resources Management and Supervision
Chapter Learning Objectives
 Define job descriptions and explain their
functions.
 Identify information needed for job descriptions.
 Explain how the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) affects the information in a job
description.
 Recognize differences between exempt and
nonexempt positions under the Fair Labor
Standards Act.
 Recognize the need to update job descriptions.
OH 2-2
Job Descriptions in the Employment Cycle
Job descriptions relate to several activities in the
employment cycle.
OH 2-3
Job Specifications
 Detail the qualifications a person should have to
do the job
 Examples
 Education
 Experience
 Emotional and physical skills
OH 2-4
Job Descriptions and Performance Standards
 Job descriptions
 Indicate the duties that make up a job
 Performance standards
 Indicate how well a duty must be completed
OH 2-5
Job Description vs. Performance Standard
Duty as a job
description
Greet drive-through
customers
Duty as a performance
standard
Greet drive-through customers
using the standard greeting within
fifteen seconds of their arrival at
the drive-through board.
Example of duty as a job description and as a
performance standard
OH 2-6
Functions of Job Descriptions
 For recruiting and screening
 For hiring and orientation
 For employee development and training
 For performance programs and evaluations
 For salary administration
OH 2-7
Classes and Grades
OH 2-8
Functions of Job Descriptions continued
 Safety and security
 Union relations
 Legal proceedings
OH 2-9
Job Analysis
 Provides detailed breakdown of duties in a
position
 Identifies skills, knowledge, attitudes, and
experience needed for success in the position
 Tells job’s environmental conditions
OH 2-10
Job Analysis continued
Employees can help with job analysis tasks.
OH 2-11
Developing Job Descriptions
 Job descriptions should be free of discriminatory
language.
 Information should be specific enough to
indicate job tasks.
 Job descriptions should not be so detailed that
the job is defined in rigid terms.
OH 2-12
Components of Job Description
 Job identification information (title)
 Position supervisor
 Job summary
 Job responsibilities
 Job specifications
OH 2-13
Good Job Descriptions
 Do not include information about policies and
operating procedures.
 Provide only that information needed to clearly
define the job.
OH 2-14
How Would You Answer
the Following Questions?
OH 2-15
1.
Information about tasks in a position is found
in a _______.
2.
Personal qualities required for success in a
position are identified in a _______.
3.
Job descriptions are only useful during the
hiring process. (True/False)
4.
Before a job description is developed, a
_______ must be conducted.
Job Descriptions Recognize ADA Concerns
 The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
prohibits discrimination against people with
disabilities in employment.
 Job descriptions must identify potential functions
(key duties) employees in a position must be
able to do.
OH 2-16
More About Job Descriptions and ADA
 Employers do not need to accommodate a
person if doing so will impose an undue
hardship on the business.
 Clear job descriptions should address issues
about whether persons can be accommodated
for a position.
OH 2-17
Exempt and Nonexempt Positions
 Minimum wage and overtime pay is not required
for exempt (salaried) positions.
 Minimum wage and overtime pay is required for
nonexempt (hourly) positions.
OH 2-18
Traits of Exempt Positions
OH 2-19
Traits of Nonexempt Positions
OH 2-20
Job Descriptions Change Over Time
 Responsibilities may change as operations or
employees grow or change.
 Job descriptions may change because of
regulations.
 Equipment, menu items, and operating
procedures may affect job responsibilities.
 Union contracts may change.
OH 2-21
How Would You Answer
the Following Questions?
OH 2-22
1.
A change in a job that enables a person with a
disability to perform the job is called a
_______.
2.
The employer (does/does not) need to
accommodate an employee if doing so would
cause an undue hardship.
3.
Persons in _______ positions do not need to
be paid overtime.
4.
Job descriptions (do/do not) evolve over time.
Key Term Review
 Back of the house (BOH)
 Bona fide occupational qualifications (BFOQs)
 Class
 Competencies
 Essential functions
 Exempt
OH 2-23
Key Term Review continued
 Front of the house (FOH)
 Grade
 Hourly
 Job analysis
 Job description
 Job specifications
 Nonexempt
OH 2-24
Key Term Review continued
 Performance standards
 Reasonable accommodations
 Salaried
 Scope of a job
 Undue hardship
OH 2-25
Chapter Learning Objectives—
What Did You Learn?
 Define job descriptions and explain their
functions.
 Identify information needed for job descriptions.
 Explain how the Americans with Disabilities Act
(ADA) affects the information in a job
description.
 Recognize differences between exempt and
nonexempt positions under the Fair Labor
Standards Act.
 Recognize the need to update job descriptions.
OH 2-26