Transcript EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT …

THE
Welcome
Designed by:
Bernards Township HEALTH Department
Basking Ridge, NJ 07920
P. 908.204.2520 F. 908.204.3075
www.bernardshealth.org
Contractual Health Agency for:
Bernards Township
Bernardsville Borough
Chester Borough
Long Hill Township
Mendham Borough
Mendham Township
Peapack and Gladstone Borough
SOME IDEAS FOR A TITLE…
SOME IDEAS FOR A TITLE…
The Wonderful World of Septics
What Really Happens in the Septic Bed
The Ways of the Effluent
GOT SHOT DOWN! so here’s…
EVERYTHING YOU ALWAYS
WANTED TO KNOW
ABOUT SEPTIC SYSTEMS,
but didn’t
know how to ask!
Historical Perspective
In earlier times,
humans disposed
of waste
IN MORE
PRIMITIVE WAYS
As time
waste disposal
methods evolved
moved on,
until the present...
…and the
of the
State
of
New Jersey
Local
ordinances
may have
additional
requirements.
Chapter 199: Septic Code
Implemented to protect our:
Water Sources, and
Living Environment
General Regulations
SOIL TESTING
SEPTIC DESIGN
WETLANDS RESTRICTIONS
SOIL TESTING
At least 2 soil logs & 1 soil test is required per lot
Type of Tests:
 Perc
 Basin Flood
 Pit Bail
 Tube Permeameter
 Soils class rating samples
SEPTIC DESIGN
• Limiting Factors
• Setbacks
• Sizing the System
• Meeting Specific Design Requirements
• New vs. Existing Property
• New Code Requirements April 2012
LIMITING CONDITIONS:
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Steep Slopes
Floodplains & Wetlands
High Groundwater
Mottling in Soil
Depth to Bedrock
Hydraulically Restrictive Soils
Excessively Coarse Soils
DESIGNS for
LIMITING CONDITIONS
LIMITING CONDITION
SYSTEM REQUIRED
Steep Slope
Trench System
High Groundwater Table
Mounded System
Limited Depth to Bedrock
Mounded System
Excessively Coarse Soils
Fill Enclosed System
Perched Water Conditions
Fill Enclosed System
Limited Area Available
Pressure Dose System
SETBACKS & DISTANCES
SEPTIC TANK TO:
Well
Property Line
House
SETBACK DISTANCE:
50 FT
5 FT
10 FT
DISPOSAL FIELD
Well
Property Line
SETBACK DISTANCE:
100 FT
10 FT
House
25 FT
SIZING THE SYSTEM
SEPTIC
TANK
SEPTIC
FIELD
Number of Bedrooms
SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING
Septic tanks shall have:
Minimum Capacity = 1000 Gallons
(for house of up to 4 bedrooms)
For 5 or more bedrooms: 250 gallons per bedroom
SEPTIC FIELD SIZE
Depends upon Permeability Rate of the Zone Of Treatment
REQUIRED VOLUME
# OF BEDROOMS
200 gal/day
1st bedroom
150 gal/day
Each additional bedroom
TYPICAL DESIGN- 4 BEDROOM HOUSE
Total daily sewage volume = 650 gal/day
Design permeability rate = 6-20 in/hr (using suitable fill)
Factor by. 1.61 sq.ft /gpd
TOTAL SEPTIC BED SIZE REQUIRED = 1046 sq ft
NEW CONSTRUCTION
Designs must meet requirements of state septic code.
EXISTING DWELLING
• Increase in # of bedrooms:
• Same as new construction
• No additional bedrooms
• Design best system for lot
APRIL 2012
REQUIREMENTS

Tanks must be tested in the field to prove water-tightness

Marker must be attached to tank with system information

Effluent filters are required on all new tanks

All cesspools, outhouses, latrines that are part of realty
transfer must be abandoned.
More
APRIL 2012
REQUIREMENTS
 The inspection protocol is included in an
appendix to Chapter 199
 NJDEP established a recognized method of
septic system inspection for a real property
transfer
 The inspection report shall be provided to
the local health department
WETLANDS RESTRICTIONS
Wetlands provide:
• Valuable habitat for many wildlife species.
• Important storm water buffer, and
groundwater recharge areas.
WETLANDS RESTRICTIONS
The New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
regulates wetland related activity.
In general, septic fields must be kept
from delineated wetland boundaries by:
 50 feet for Intermediate Value Wetlands
 150 feet for Exceptional Value Wetlands
Before construction, approval must be obtained from the
NJDEP that proper setbacks are being met.
Types of Septic Systems
Gravity
Pump
Alternative
Designs
GRAVITY Systems
Gravity Systems
use the basic laws of
nature and the
old adage that says
‘stuff’ will
flow downhill
into the septic bed.
PUMP Systems
In a Pump System,
technology overcomes
the law of gravity
allowing waste water
to flow uphill
into the septic bed.
ALTERNATIVE Systems
• Peat Systems
• Infiltrators
• Aerobic Treatment Units
• Drip Dispersal
BUILDING A SEPTIC SYSTEM
BACKFILL
FILTER FABRIC
LATERALS
SUITABLE FILL
GRAVEL
EXCAVATION
CONVENTIONAL
CLEAN OUT
SEWER PIPE
EFFLUENT
FILTER
MOUNDED SYSTEM
CLEAN OUT
INLET
LID
Zones of Treatment
& Disposal
Real Life Systems
LINE
FROM
HOUSE
TANKS
SEPTIC BED
LATERALS
LINE
FROM
HOUSE
TANKS
LATERALS
EXCAVATION SITE
Why be concerned about my
SEPTIC SYSTEM?
2.
1.
3.
How a Septic System Works
1. Captures solids
2. Liquid effluent distributed
to disposal area
3. Effluent treated in septic bed
4. Cleansed wastewater
recharged to groundwater
Septic Tank Captures Solids
Locking Manhole Cover At Grade
Effluent Filter
Baffle Outlet Pipe
“Baffles “ Control Flow
Outlet
Effluent Filter
Inlet
Baffle
slows
incoming
water
flow.
Baffle
Baffle
keeps
solids
from
leaving
tank
Effluent Treatment
1. A Biomat forms at the
gravel/suitable-fill interface.,
2. Breaking down harmful organisms
3. Suitable-fill material
provides additional treatment.
Septic Tank Maintenance
1. Reduce water flows
to your system.
2. Divert surface runoff away
from system.
3. Pump out septic tank regularly.
4. Locate & diagram septic tank
and disposal field.
5. Effluent filter should be cleaned
or changed regularly.
Septic Tank Maintenance
1. Dispose of inert, toxic, or
non-biodegradable substances
in system.
2. Plant trees or other vegetation near
your system
3. Drive vehicles or heavy equipment
over the system.
4. Use biological additives or septic system
cleaners that contain toxic substances.
Warning!
Do NOT
put Toxic
Chemicals
here!
So, No Toxic
Chemicals here!
Warning!
Garbage grinders/disposals are
incompatible with septic systems.
An Old House
Septic Tank
Old House
Seepage Pit
An Old House
Old House
Or Cesspool
At time of property transfer cesspool
must be upgraded to septic system.
Or a NEW House
Typical Septic System in NEW House
Troubleshooting
SYMPTOM
POSSIBLE REASON
• Water drains very slowly
• Broken plumbing or septic lines
_____from sinks
• Septic tank baffle in disrepair
• Toilet does not flush
• Septic tank is full and needs
• Odor or Effluent in yard
____pumping
• High groundwater table
• System is old or under designed
HEALTH DEPARTMENT
1. Experiencing any trouble with septic system,
i.e., overflow .
2. Planning additions to your home.
3. Need to know location of present system.
4. Filing permit fee for construction.
5. Setting up inspections of new system.
OVERFLOWS
Follow the Steps
1.
Soil Log & Perc test by engineer in field , witnessed by health inspector
2.
Submit design to local Health Department or BOH
3.
HD or BOH reviews & approves septic plans
4.
Schedule inspections of septic installation
5.
Complete installation of system
6.
Design engineer submits As Built and Certificate of Compliance
7.
Final approval issued by administrative authority
The End
THE
Written and Designed by
Bernards Township HEALTH Department
Basking Ridge, NJ 07920
P. 908.204.2520 F. 908.204.3075
www.bernardshealth.org
Contractual Health Agency for:
Bernards Township
Bernardsville Borough
Chester Borough
Long Hill Township
Mendham Borough
Mendham Township
Peapack and Gladstone Borough