Transcript Slide 0

Mobile Broadband
Emerging trends & Regulatory challenges
Presentation by -
Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
We will broadly Look at
•
Emerging trends in telecom
•
Mobile broadband can cater to data needs of society
•
Indian Telecom Sector and policy initiatives on Mobile
broadband
•
Backhaul bottlenecks in delivery of broadband through
mobile
•
IMT Advanced - Key regulatory issues
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Changing citizen needs – growing appetite for data
• Every minute, 48 hours of video is uploaded globally
on YouTube.
•Video Download
Entertainment
& socialising
going online
•Gaming
•App Store
• Wrath of the Lich King sold 2.8 million
copies in 24 hrs
• Worldwide mobile application store downloads
estimates -17.7 billion downloads in 2011, By the
end of 2014, over 185 billion estimated
•Social Networking
•Virtual Life
• Facebook attracts over 845 million active users
worldwide. 425m of them are mobile users ~35 Million
users in India
• Second Life claims over 16 million registered users,
$9 million real money exchanged monthly to spent on
content virtual goods on the site
• Users have become
developers – Photo uploads,
blogs, video uploads
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Source: http://www.youtube.com/t/press_timeline Ericsson
Business Consulting; Gartner, Inc. estimates; Facebook's IPO filing;
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Changing technology– New age connected devices to
change media consumption pattern
New age connected devices - Smart Phones
Tablets, Book readers, gaming consoles
Connected devices have clear impact
on Media Consumption
› By 2014, 3 out of every 4 mobile devices sold
will be a smart phone
› Tablets in India launched at $50!
› Amazon has tied up with AT&T for kindle Books in 60 sec
› Connected devices will touch all sorts of
electronics ranging from camera’s to
refrigerators
Service Penetration, USA
15%
Video
2%
37%
Music
8%
Social
Networking
Browsing
Average traffic per device (MB/month)
App
Use
53%
11%
78%
19%
84%
24%
Smartphone
Feature Phone
Source: ComScore, Mobilens,USA, March 2010
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Source:
CISCO VNI Mobile, 2011
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Wireless Technology evolving to cater to changing data
needs; Service providers embracing the change
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410 commercial HSPA networks in
162 countries
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71.7% of HSPA networks support 7.2
Mbps or higher peak DL data speed
•
~ 36% of HSPA operators have
launched HSPA+(28 Mbps peal DL
speed)
•
49 launched 42 Mbps DC-HSPA+
commercial networks
•
3,227 HSPA devices launched in the
market - includes 182 HSPA+ and
100 dual-mode HSPA-LTE devices
Source: Global HSPA+ Network Commitments and Deployments report – October 28, 2011, GSA www.gsacom.com
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Policy & regulation – The critical act of balancing
The
need
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The
fulfiller
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Mobile broadband can cater to Citizen’s data needs
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Handset v/s PC - availability & affordability
On the move user requirement
Ability to support demand at low price point
Faster rollout of services
Lower Capex, hence higher ROI
This is more so in developing world where the wiredline penetration is limited
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Wireless Broadband
Indian scenario &
Policy Initiatives
Policy on wireless broadband services in India
•
The auction of 3G/BWA spectrum conducted in Mid 2010 based on a controlled,
simultaneous ascending e-auction, by a specialized agency.
•
The spectrum bands identified for mobile broadband services in India
Service
3G
BWA
Band in which spectrum was
auctioned in 2010
2.1 GHz (2x5 MHz)
2.3-2.4 GHz & 2.5-2.69 GHz
(cumulative spectrum of 20 MHz )
Band identified for future use
800 MHz/450Mhz
3.3-3.6 GHz
3G Roll Out Status – More than 80,000 Node Bs have been installed in ~6,500 cities and
towns in India
BWA Roll out Status – No technology specified; Most Service Providers are planning to roll
out their networks on LTE-TD; Should happen by end of 2012 depending on commercial
equipment availability in 2.3-2.4Ghz bands
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Data traffic burst after launch of mobile broadband (on 3G)
98342
Total Data Volume in Gbytes
73204
53968
30987
15253 22467
847
4699
2596
11300
7024
Month-wise ILL Bandwidth
Usage for CDMA network
Feb’10
Mar’10
Jun’10
Sep’10
Dec’10
2G data
usage
3G data
usage
419
425
998
2487
3333
428
2171
10302
28500
95009
% of 3G in
total data
usage
50.53%
83.63%
91.17%
91.97%
96.61%
Global Mobile traffic (Exabyte /
year)
Source: IDATE, January 2011
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Wireless Broadband
Backhaul bottlenecks in delivery of
broadband through mobile
High bandwidth demands and bottlenecks in mobile networks…
1)
1)
2)
Ever-growing spectrum
demand
Optical fiber
Backhaul spectrum requirement for
Microwave
Access over Fiber or Microwave
Air interface
Core
Aggregation
BSC
Ethernet
MSC
G-MSC
PSTN
BTS
Common IP
backhaul
for
2G+3G
IP
backhaul
IP/MPLS
over DWDM
40 Channel
40G/100G
ECB Router
Ethernet
RNC
Node B
1)
IP/TDM CPE
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Internet
SGSN
GGSN
Last Mile
Cell site
RNC
Aggregation site
Core site
International
leased line
connectivity
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Microwave backhaul frequency issues
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Per site(BTS/node B) backhaul Bandwidth requirement is different in different systems –
– 2G Network
1E1 per site with the primary RF spectrum of 4.4MHz
– 3G Network
21 Mbps (with HSPA +)
– BWA Network
100 – 150 Mbps
•
High throughput requirements mandate the need of either a fiber backbone or a mixed
fiber- digital microwave backhaul.
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LTE will necessitate large number of BTS in small geographical area
Service type
Spectrum bands
No of times BTS required to cover same area
2G
800/900 MHz
Say ‘X’ in 800/900 MHz band
1800 Mhz
1.9 times ‘X’
3G
2100 MHz
2.5 times ‘X’
BWA
2.3-2.4 MHz
3 times ‘X’
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Microwave backhaul frequency issues
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Average throughput of 28 MHz
(paired) Digital MW link - ~160 Mbps
at present; For 56 Mhz it is
~320Mbps
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Ring deployed for BTS connectivity
in LTE will cater to at best 3 BTS due
to 100-150 Mbps BW requirement.
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•
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More number of BTSs will require
more number of rings at Fibre
aggregator point
Necessitates requirement of at least
4-6 RF pairs to be allotted for M/W
backhaul to avoid interference
between adjacent links.
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Creating a sound fiber based backhaul - Introduction of National
Broadband Plan by developed and developing countries
Source: Analysis mason
TRAI has sent its recommendations on “National Broadband Plan” to Government
of India in December 2010.
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National Broadband Plan Will help solve Mobile
network’s backhaul problems in India
National Broadband Network (NBN)
• An open access optical fibre based National Broadband Network to be established.
• The objective of national broadband Network is to provide :
• Fibre to home in 63 cities,
• Fibre to kerb in all other cities (0.5Km from any residence) .
• National Optical Fibre Agency (NOFA) & State Optical Fibre Agency (SOFA)
to be set up to establish National Broadband Network.
• NOFA - 100% Central Government-owned holding company.
• SOFA - 51% equity held by NOFA and 49% by the respective State Government.
• NOFA Will establish network in all the 63 cities; SOFA in rest
• This network will be established at a cost of about 14 billion USD.
• It will be financed by:
• USO fund and ;
• The loan given/ guaranteed by Central Government
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National Broadband Plan India – ROW & Targets
Right of Way
• Right of way without any charges for all projects undertaken by NOFA and SOFA subject
to reinstatement.
• Government may notify the charges for Right of Way in consultations with the State
Governments on priority basis for telecom service providers and ensure easy availability
of RoW.
Targets 2012
Targets 2014
• 75 million broadband households :
• 160 million broadband households:
• 17 million DSL,
• 22 million DSL,
• 30 Million cable TV network
• 78 million cable TV network
• 28 million wireless
• 60 million wireless
• National Broadband Network by 2014 will support following bandwidth:
• 10 Mbps download speed in 63 Metro and large cities
• 4 Mbps in 352 cities and 2 Mbps in towns and villages
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Wireless Broadband
Regulatory Challenges in
IMT-Advanced deployment
Regulatory issues – Spectrum related
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Identification of frequency bands
– Harmonisation aspect at International and Regional level
– Auditing and re-farming in identified bands
– Decision on band sizes
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Candidate technologies for the IMT-Advanced
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–
–
–
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FDD or TDD modes
Convergence of different technologies and services;
Backward compatibility aspects;
Making voice mandatory for new technologies or fall back option;
Other Generic issues like Licensing, Pricing and assignment mechanism; Spectrum
usage charges for operators holding only IMT- Advance or holding a combination of
spectrum bands;
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Identifying Spectrum Bands for IMT-Advanced
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The following bands have been identified for IMT and IMT-Advanced for public
telecommunication services:
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–
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–
–
–
–
–
–
–
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450 MHz,
585–806 MHz, (Available)
800 MHz,
900 MHz,
1800 MHz,
1900 MHz,
2.1 GHz, (2010-2025 MHz band)
2.3-2.4 GHz, (Available)
2.5-2.69 GHz, (Available)
3.3-3.4 GHz and
3.4–3.6 GHz. (Available)
Band identification for IMT Adv – issues to be kept in mind
• Ecosystem aspect •Bands where most technological developments are
happening
•Device availability
•International roaming
• Some bands can result in lesser CAPEX
• For FDD, UL/ DL bands will need to be specified
• For TDD operation, regulator may specify
•Frame synchronization based on network or
satellite-based timing,
•permissible set of UL/DL ratios
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Block size and Cap on maximum spectrum for a
licensee
Nominal Channel Bandwidth supported by IMT Advanced Technologies (In MHz)
LTE Advanced
IEEE 802.16m
1.4
3
5
10
15
20
5
7
8.75
10
20
•Issues involved are –
•Avoiding fragmentation of bands; instead large contiguous blocks to be allotted
• Wider contiguous channels to provide the desired services and level of
performances
•Hoarding of spectrum
• Encourage fair competition among service providers by catering to existing players
need
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User Equipment (UE) for LTE
There are five different LTE UE categories that are defined and have a wide range in the supported
parameters and performance
Category
1
2
3
4
5
Downlink
10
50
100
150
300
Uplink
5
25
50
50
75
2 x 2 MIMO
Not
supported
4 x 4 MIMO
Mandatory
Not supported
Mandatory
Whether there is a need to define a particular user equipment or architecture to be used by the
vendors or this may be left to the market forces
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Other issues
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Need to migrate from IPv4 to IPv6;
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Infrastructure Sharing
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Interconnect usage charges
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Reporting requirements
• The subscriber numbers
• Subscribers that are able to get particular speeds
• KPIs for QoS - IMT-Advanced will be supporting all packet based services even for voice,
– For data traffic, throughput, packet loss, transactions latency, object hits are some of the
KPIs; but how to monitor quality of voice and video calls that are packet based.
– Deployment of Femto and Pico cells will further impact KPI monitoring
– Will QoE (Quality of Experience) replace QoS
Security issues
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Thank You
Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
Joint Advisor (Mobile Networks)
Telecom Regulatory Authority of India
[email protected]
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LTE supports very high peak data rates
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4G technology packs 16.32 bits per Hz as compared
to well below 1 bit per Hz for 2/2.5G operations.
For LTE-Adv Peak spectrum efficiency:
downlink – 30 bps/Hz; uplink – 6.75 bps/Hz.
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In India BWA operators have 20 MHz contiguous
spectrum against 5x2 MHz for 3G spectrum.
For 2G its even less in most cases
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LTE deploys MIMO technology for antenna systems, allow multiple antennas in spatialdomain, theoretically achievable spectral efficiency scales linearly with the number of
transmit and receive antennas employed.
Hence, with 20 MHz bandwidth
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WCDMA (UMTS)
HDPA
HSPA+
LTE
LTE Advanced
Max downlink speed( bps)
384 k
14 M
28 M
300M
1G
Max uplink speed (bps)
128 k
5.7 M
11 M
75 M
500 M
LTE standard 3GPP Release 8 theoretically supports peak rates of 326.4 Mbps for 4x4
antennas. Peak data rate of 1 Gbps will be achieved in LTE-Adv by 4- by 4
MIMO and transmission bandwidth wider than approximately 70 MHz
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