Utah Bomb Squad Task Force International Association of Bomb Technicians and Investigators

Explosive Threats

What is the most likely WMD in the US?

Types of Terrorist Attacks against US Interests from 1998 to 2005 (2776 total)

Bombings Kidnappings Shootings Other

Brief History of Major Incidents

• • • • September 16, 1920 – Wall Street New York City August 24, 1970 – University of Wisconsin February 26, 1993 – World Trade Center #1 April 19, 1996 – Oklahoma City Bombing

Wall Street Bombing 1920

Wall Street Bombing 1920

University of Wisconsin

University of Wisconsin

World Trade Center #1

Oklahoma City Bombing

History of Major Bombing’s in Utah • • • • • • Uni-Bomber 1984 Hoffman 1986 Singer Swap 1987 Alta View Hospital 1991 Fur Breeders Co-op 1997 Numerous bank robberies 2003 / 2004

Why are Businesses Targets for Explosive Threats?

In the Mind of the Bomber

• •

Businesses represent:

– Symbols of power – The Ideological dragon – Impersonal target

Motives:

– Economic revenge – Empowerment – Crusading causes

Theodore John Kaczynski (Uni-Bomber)

Eric Robert Rudolph

Richard Reid Shoe Bomber

Explosive Incidents

• How do we successfully deal with an explosive incidents in the work place? – Planning – Team Work – Evaluation – Action – Review

Planning

• • Why plan for something that doesn’t happen around here? – According to the 2003 FBI and ATF figures Utah is 5th in the nation for explosive incidents.

Pre planning is the key to: – Prevention – Safety – Minimizing impact – Restoring order quickly and efficiently

Team Work

• • Assignments – Employees assignments should be straight forward and according to our plan. Work as a team in: – Planning – Evaluation – Action – Review

Evaluation

• All threats and incidents should be evaluated prior to: – Searches – Evacuations • Most bombers are planning on a blind evacuation – It is easier to bring the people to the bomb than the bomb to the people

Action

• • • All actions taken should be according to our plan All actions should be done in a team All planned actions should be tested and evaluated

Review

• All good plans should be tested and reviewed – All Plans look good on paper – Only through the testing and review of our plans will they become viable, workable and successful plans

Bomb Squads in Utah

Who and Where are the bomb Squads?

Utah Bomb Squads

• • • • • • • • Davis County Sheriff’s Office Utah State University Salt Lake County Fire Department Salt Lake City Police West Valley City Police / Fire Departments Provo City Police Department Utah County Sheriff’s Office St. George Police Department

Locations of Bomb Squads

Davis County SO West Valley PD/FD Provo PD Utah State Univ.

Salt Lake City PD Salt Lake Co Fire Utah County SO St. George PD

Certifications

• •

Bomb Squads

– Certified and Accreditation by FBI and NBSCAB

(national bomb squad commanders advisory board)

Bomb Technicians

– Certified by the FBI and US Army at Red Stone arsenal Huntsville, Alabama – Re-Certification every three years –

GOAL

to get all Bomb Tech’s certified as Haz Mat Specialist

Bomb Squad Response Capabilities • • • •

Bomb Threats

– Advise, planning information

Unattended Packages

– Advise, planning information

Suspicious Packages

– Advise, Render Safe, Transport, Investigation

Confirmed IED

– Advise, Render Safe, Transport, Investigation

Bomb Squad Response Capabilities

(continued)

• • •

Post Blast

– Advise, Evidence Collection and Investigation

VBIED & WMD

– Advise, Render Safe, Transport, Evidence Collection and Investigation

Explosive Pickups

– Advise, Removal, Render Safe, Transport, disposal

Standardized Bomb Squad Equipment • • • • • • • • Bomb suits SRS-5 Haz-Mat (WMD) Bomb Suits & chemical PPE Portable X Ray’s Real Time Computer X Ray’s Robot Disrupters (PAN & Explosive Countermeasures) Explosive Containment Trailer Response Vehicles with EOD tools

Utah Bomb Squads Response Plan

The state has been divided into 5 Regions by the Bomb Squads for response.

Regional Response Areas

Region 1 Region 2 Region 4 Region 3 Region 5

Response Regions

•

Region 1

(Primary response area) – Box Elder, Cache, Rich, Weber, Morgan and Davis Counties. •

Region 2

(Primary response area) – Tooele, Salt Lake and Summit Counties

Response Regions

• • •

Region 3

(Primary response area) – Juab, Utah, Wasatch, Sanpete and Carbon Counties

Region 4

(Primary response area) – Beaver, Piute, Iron, Garfield, Kane and Washington Counties

Region 5

(Rotational response area) – Duchesne, Uintah, Grand, Emery, Wayne, Millard, Sevier and San Juan Counties

Rotational Response Area

Counties in the Rotational Response Area Region 5

Bomb Squad

Activation by Region

Response Activation

•

Jurisdictional Response Area:

– The activation and dispatch for the Jurisdictional response area will be made through each Bomb Squads home agency and dispatch center.

Response Activation

•

Primary Response Area:

– The activation and dispatch for the Primary Response areas will through the following: • Region 1 – Davis County Sheriff’s Office (801-451-4150) • (Davis, Weber and Morgan counties) – Utah State University Police (435-797-1939) • (Cache, Box Elder and Rich counties) • Region 2 – Salt Lake County Emergency Operations Center (801-743-7100)

Response Activation

• Primary Response Area (continued) : – The activation and dispatch for the Primary Response areas will through the following: • Region 3 – Utah County Sheriff’s Office (801-851-4100) • Region 4 – St. George Police Department (435-643-5000)

Response Activation

•

Region 5 (Rotational Response area)

– The activation and dispatch for the Rotational Response areas will through the following: • Salt Lake County Emergency Operations Center (801-743-7100) – Each bomb squad that will be responding in the rotational area will be on call for a one month period of time.

Bomb Squads by Region

Region 3

Primary response area will be cover by: Utah State University Bomb Squad

area

will be covered by: Salt Lake County Bomb Squad Salt Lake City Bomb Squad West Valley City Bomb Squad Salt Lake County Bomb Squad primary response area

Response Times

• •

Jurisdictional Response

– The response time will be 1 hour plus notification

Primary Response

– The response time will be 2 hours plus notification

Response Times

•

Rotation Response Region

– The response in the Rotational Response region will fall in one of two categories: • Land - (Standard) The response by land to the Rotational Response region will be 5 hours plus notification • Air (Life Threatening) The response by air to the Rotational Response Region will be 2 hours plus notification

Types of Explosive Incidents

Incident Classification

• • • • • Bomb Threats Unattended Packages Suspicious Package or Item Confirmed Explosive Device Post Blast

Bomb Threats

• • • • • Definition any threat received by any employee or person that an Explosive Device has been or may be left in or around your property. Bomb Threat Check List Evaluation Search Call for advice from bomb squad if needed

Unattended Packages

• Definition any package which is left in the common areas of the building or grounds which is not suspicious other than the fact that the package has been left behind.

• • • • Attempt to Locate owner Evaluate Reclassify if necessary Call for advice from bomb squad if needed

Suspicious Package

• Definition any package for which the owner can not be located and it or the circumstances around it are suspicious in nature (IE: visible wires, oil stains, pipes, timers, left in a suspicious way, etc.).

• • • Do not touch Isolate and evacuate the area Treat the same as a confirmed explosive device • Call for assistance from the Bomb Squad

Confirmed Explosive Device

• Definition Anything which is or appears to be an explosive device; pipe bombs, improvised explosives, etc.

• • • Do Not touch!!

Isolate and evacuate the area Call for assistance from the Bomb Squad

Discovery and/or Responding to Explosive Incidents

Incident Assessment

• • Gather information en-route to the call – What is it?

• • Suspicious Package / Vehicle / Device Pre or Post blast incident On scene procedure –

DO NOT TOUCH

– Gather information – Secure the scene – Evacuation

Special Considerations

• • Do Not use radios or cellular phones within the evacuation area. Cellular phones and pagers often emit finder signals to maintain contact with their system. – Even though you are not calling or talking on your cellular phone it is emitting RF energy. – Cellular phones and radios may activate remote control devices.

Establish Unified Incident Command • Resources needed for EOD calls – Incident Commander • Initial Officer on scene until relieved – Additional Patrol Officers for scene security – EOD / RSP team (bomb Squad) – Fire / Paramedics – Ground Ambulance

Types of Explosive Incidents

Incident Classification

• • • • • Bomb Threats Unattended Packages Suspicious Package or Item Confirmed Explosive Device Post Blast

Size Does Not Matter

• • • Never underestimate the power of an explosive device by it’s size. Even small explosive devices can cause death or serious injury.

This injury was caused by a dry ice bomb.

Effects of a Dry Ice Bomb

Pipe Bombs

• • Never underestimate the lethality of a pipe bomb Large fragments of the pipe are projected out at between 2000 to 12,000 fps depending on the explosive used

Evacuation Considerations

• • • Evacuation must be above and below as well as around the device. Size and location of the suspect device Shelter in place -v- Evacuation – Are we putting people at greater risk by making them evacuate? • 75% of all explosive devices at schools are left by exits.

Evacuation Distances

• Evaluate the area quickly prior to an evacuation – Is the device inside? – Is the device outside and the people inside? – What is the size of the device? • Remember: – –

Time Distance

–

Shielding

Evacuation Distances

Threat

Pipe Bomb Brief Case Small vehicle Full Size Vehicle Passenger Van Small Moving Van Semi-Trailer

Explosive Capacity

1 to 5 lbs 10 to 50 lbs 500 lbs 1,000 lbs 4,000 lbs 10,000 lbs

Building Evacuation

70 feet 150 Feet 320 feet 400 feet 650 feet 860 feet 60,000 lbs 1,600 feet

Outdoor Evacuation

850 feet 1,200 feet 1,500 feet 1,750 feet 2,750 feet 3,750 feet 7,000 feet

Secondary Devices

• A search for secondary or multiple devices is essential in the safety of the responders – Search the evacuation area – Search the staging area – Search the Command post areas – Search prior to staging or setting up equipment

Who are the targets of Secondary Devices?

• • • • • • The first responders Bomb Technicians Medical and Fire personnel Police Officers Bystanders Media

Secondary Device Motives

• With some groups the intended target is not the business or location. – Their grievance is with the government and/or those responding to the scene to help. – If a terrorist group is able to take out a group of responders it does more to cripple those agencies responding.

Initial Explosion site Command Post

Atlanta Secondary Device

Location of secondary device

Blast Seat

Danger signs

• The following are danger signs of possible secondary or multiple devices. – Bomb threats called into this location prior.

– Type of location: • • • Family Planning Furs, Meat packing, Etc. Location in conflict with local group

Traffic control

• In isolating an incident and setting up the proper perimeter at a scene will require additional resources. – Pedestrians / Side walks / Hallways / Elevators / Rooms – Vehicles / Roads / Parking lots / etc.

Post Blast

– Always check for secondary devices – Do not assume that the scene is safe just because one device has gone off. – Scene must be cleared by EOD prior to evidence collection – Explosive evidence collection will require specialists with explosive knowledge and equipment

Types of Evidence Post Blast

– Victims may carry evidence of the device from the scene to the hospitals – Many pieces of the devices hardware will survive the blast. – Explosive residue will be present. – Packaging of the device will present. – Explosive evidence is like piecing a puzzle together.

Traffic control

• In isolating an incident and setting up the proper perimeter at a scene will require additional resources. – Pedestrians / Side walks / Hallways / Elevators / Rooms – Vehicles / Roads / Parking lots / etc.

Post Blast

– Always check for secondary devices – Do not assume that the scene is safe just because one device has gone off. – Scene must be cleared by EOD prior to evidence collection – Explosive evidence collection will require specialists with explosive knowledge and equipment

Types of Evidence Post Blast

– Victims may carry evidence of the device from the scene to the hospitals – Many pieces of the devices hardware will survive the blast. – Explosive residue will be present. – Packaging of the device will present. – Explosive evidence is like piecing a puzzle together.

Contact Information

• IABTI – Sgt. Harold Curtis • • 801-851-4138 [email protected]