Transcript Green Energy and Hydrogen from Coal The draft of

Green Energy and Hydrogen from Coal
The draft of Integrated Project Proposals
in Support for the HYPOGEN EU Initiative
of Sustainable Energy Development
Jerzy Bednarczyk, Jan Kozubowski, Jan Rogut
Institute of Opencast Mining “Poltegor”, Wrocław, [email protected]
Warsaw Technical University, Warsaw, [email protected]
Central Mining Institute, Katowice, [email protected]
Main Targets and Points of Interests of Hydrogen
Related Research in Poland:
• Fossil fuel based power plants as future energy and hydrogen
producers the sustainable way - the Green Energy from Coal
concept
• Trans-border Czech - Slovak- Polish HyCom in Cieszyn/Tesin
as an important tool for regional development - non fossil
• Establishment of the International R&D Centre of Separation
Technologies for Hydrogen Economy Needs - EU Marie Curie
Transfer of Knowledge (TOK) Fund - Coke oven gas as separation
model fluid - low cost nanostructured metals for hydrogen
separation, cleaning up, and storage
• Hydrogen as friendly (!), safe (!) and profitable (!) material
and energy carrier
2
Sources of Natural Gas
for Europe
in Short Term
Perspective
Long-term
Security of Gas Supply
in a Liberalized Market
Jean-Paul PINON
Director Gas Market, CREG
Co-chairman of the Gas Working Group, CEER
UNEC Round Table – Genève 20/01/2004
3
Investment Costs (1990 US$/kW)
Hydrogen Production, Investment Costs
4,000
Steam Methane Reforming (SMR)
Partial Oxidation (POX)
3,000
Coal Gasification
Thermal Cracking
Biomass Gasification
2,000
Electrolysis
1,000
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
3
Capacity (million Nm H2 /day)
4
Coal is of great interest because it is:
•
Plentiful. Resource ~ 500 years
(vs. gas/oil: ~100 years).
•
Inexpensive. 1-1.5 $/GJ HHV
(vs. gas at 2.5+ $/GJ).
•
Ubiquitous. Wide geographic distribution
(vs. middle east).
•
Clean?! Gasification, esp. with sequestration,
produces little gaseous emissions and
a chemically stable, vitreous ash.
5
European Green Electricity and Hydrogen
from Coal Technology Development Area
4
2
3
1
6
Locations and Specialisations
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Upper Silesia - bituminuous coal based demonstration
plant for H&E production and CO2 sequestration
„Black Triangle” - lignite based demonstration plant plant
for H&E production and CO2 sequestration
Belchatow lignite mine - large scale facility for basic
sequestration research
gfz Potsdam - facility for applied sequestration research
Newcastle University - mineral sequestration, process
water issues
University of Stuttgart, SIU Carbondale, ISSEP Liege coal processing
JRC (Petten, Ispra, Sevilla ) - foresight, regulations and
policy aspects
7
OWER
Electricity Generation in EU
9%
12%
Gas
Oil
30%
Total production:
2.500 TWh p.a.
Coal
Renew.
14%
ECH
Nuclear
on coal = 750 TWh p.a.
35%
Average Efficiency Oil
2000: η  35 %
Average Efficiency 2010/15: η  50 %
Production of 321 TWh electricity
p.a. with zero CO2-Emission !
Electricity Generation on same
amount of coal means:
or
Coal input: Oil
750 / 0,35 = 2143 TWh
2010/15:
2143 x 0,50 = 1071 TWh
Difference: 1071 - 750 = 321 TWh
Saving of 30 % CO2 and coal for
same electricity production !
8
Fig.: 13
H.-J. Me ier, Dr. K. Th eis, Octob er .2 002
„Green”
Electricity and Hydrogen
from Coal
Clean Coal Technologies
+
CO2 Sequestration
=
Green Hydrogen and Energy from Coal
9
Vision of Technologically Viable
and Economically Feasible
Increase of Total Energy Efficiency
of Electricity Production
of Coal Based Power Plants
from 30-35 % now
to 60-70 %
in 10-15 Year Long Perspective
10
HYPOGEN
FutureGen
11
USTDEV-1.2.7 - Capture and sequestration of CO2
associated with cleaner fossil fuel plants
Global and EU energy supply will, for the foreseeable future
(2015 - 2020), be dominated by fossil energy sources.
However, their CO2 emissions are a major drawback in the
context of global climate change.
The challenge is therefore to be able to use these fossil
fuels whilst eliminating CO2 through cost-effective capture
and sequestration and at the same time maintaining EU
industrial competitiveness in global markets.
Targets: reduce the cost of CO2 capture from 50-60 €
to 20-30 € per tonne of CO2 captured, whilst aiming
at achieving capture rates above 90%, and assess
the reliability and long term stability of sequestration.
12
Major Research Partners
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Poland - GIG, Poltegor, PW, IChPW, IE, AGH, IGSMiE, EMAG
Czech Republic: TU Ostrava, ICHP Praque,
Germany: TU Stuttgart, gfz Potsdam, GGS Hannover,
UK: University of Newcastle, BGS
Belgium: ISSEP
JRC ( Petten, Ispra, Sevilla)
US: SIU Carbondale, US EPA NRMRL Cincinnati, Washington
University
• Greece: NTUA
• Russia: Yukos R&D Centre, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis
• Denmark : DTU Lyngby
13
Low emission coal gasification
to hydrogen
combined with sequestration
ready CO2 production
14
ISCC - Innovative In Situ CO2 Capture Technology
for Solid Fuel Gasification
15
Energy and Hydrogen Production
post-combustion capture
Energy
Conversion
ASU
Fossil
Fuel
Capture of
CO2
Energy / Power
Oxy-fuel combustion
Energy
Conversion
Capture of
CO2
Storage/Use
of CO2
pre-combustion decarbonisation
Partial oxidation
or Reforming
CO
Shift
Fuel gas
extraction
Energy / Power
or Hydrogen
16
Low emission coal gasification
combined with
CO2 sequestration
in unmineable coal beds
and CBM recovery
17
Underground coal gasification
combined
with
geothermics
and
CO2 sequestration
18
CO2 + H2 + CO O2 + H2O
CO2 + H2 + CO
CO2
X
X
A
H2O HOT
C
ToC
H2O COLD H2O HOT
B
A
C
300
60
B
0
25
50
75 years
19
Distribution of Magnesium Silicate
Mineral Deposits Worldwide
xMgO.ySiO2.zH2O (s) => x MgO (s) + y SiO2 (s) + z H2O (R1)
MgO (s) + CO2 => MgCO3 (s) (R2)
20
Mine Water
The Existing
Problem
To be Solved
And we do not need the more in future
21
Final Targets
• Development of background for construction
of distributed system of energy and hydrogen
production from coal, combined with
• European distributed system of carbon dioxide
sequestration
• using synergy with other methods of hydrogen
production
22
Partners from non EU Countries
have been invited for
participation
US
RF
China
Japan
23
TOK
24
R&D Centre of Separation Technologies
for Hydrogen Economy Needs
Sources of the funds:
• Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge
Coordinated Action
• US DOE and US EPA open solicitations
• European Capital Venture
• Private/Public Partnership
25
Production of Hydrogen and Electricity from Coal
Division of Component Costs
Conventional Gasification Technology
Hydrogen Separation Membrane Reactor
5%
17%
27%
22%
39%
26%
8%
11%
4%
8%
11%
22%
Gas separation total
Compression total
Purification & recovery
Gas separation total
Compression total
Purification & recovery
Coal preparation
Gasification reactor
GTCC or turbine
Coal preparation
Gasification reactor
GTCC or turbine
Data for diagrams taken from “Production of Hydrogen and Electricity from Coal with CO2 Capture” by T.G. Kreutz et al.
.http://www.princeton.edu/~cmi/research/Kyoto02/Kreutz%20Kyoto%2002.pdf
26
Coke - oven gas as a model gas mixture
for development of advanced, low cost
separation - cleaning technologies
27
28
Hydrogen
as
FRIENDLY
SAFE
and
PROFITABLE
material and energy carrier
29
Innovative Concepts
• Hydrogen as a reagent for hazardous waste
treatment - dioxin free alternative to incinerators
( EcoSteel )
• Bio-mimetic Process of Hydrogen Generation
from Biomass
• Hydrogen as energy source for biological
methods of value recovery ( metal and clean
water) from mine water drainage
30
EcoSteel
RESEARCH PROGRAMME OF THE RESEARCH FUND FOR COAL AND STEEL (CALL 2004)
31
Bio-mimetic Process of Hydrogen Generation
from Biomass
A. Brune, TIBITECH January 1998 (VOL 16)
32
Grid Electrolysis (Fossil Fuel Based)
PV Electrolysis
Solar Based Thermal Powered Electrolysis
Solar Antenna Power Conversion
Steam Reforming of Natural Gas
Partial Oxidation
Coal Gasification
Ammonia Based Solar Powered Electrolysis
Wind
Hydrogen Production Cost ($/GJ)
(February $US 2003)
55.0
45.0
35.0
25.0
15.0
5.0
2003
2008
2013
2018
2023
2028
2033
2038
2043
2048
Year
33
Welcome to Cooperation
Rogut Jan
Central Mining Institute
Plac Gwarkow 1
40-166 Katowice
Poland
(+48) 506 184 865
(+48) 32 259 2455
[email protected]
[email protected]
Thanks for Attention
34