Transcript Bayeaux Tapestry
Battle of Hasting & Bayeaux Tapestry
1-12-09
England is constantly invaded
• 800s Vikings • Eventually were able to turn them away • Alfred the Great starts a line of kings • 1016 Danish king Canute conquers England • He merges all people into one society
Edward
• King Edward takes the throne in 1042 • 1066 Edward dies • Leaving no heir • Struggle for the throne occurs and leads to one more invasion
Norman Conquest
• William the Conqueror duke of Normandy attacks • William is cousin of Edward claims that he is king • Harold is Duke of England and claims he is king
Battle of Hastings
• This is a decisive battle where Harold is killed • William declares all of England his personal property • Lays foundation for centralized government
This Expands England
Bayeaux Tapestry
• A piece of cloth that tells the story of the Battle of Hastings • 20 inches tall and 230 ft long • Written in Latin and embroidered • LETS TAKE A LOOK AT IT!
EDWARD REX. UBI HAROLD DUX ANGLORUM ET SUI MILITES EQUITANT AD BOSHAM.
• “King Edward. Where Harold, Earl of the English and his retinue ride to Bosham” • Harold Goodwinson confers with King Edward the Confessor and sets out on his Journey
ECCLESIA. HIC HAROLD MARE NAVIGAVIT ET VELIS VENTO PLENIS VENIT IN TERRAM WIDONIS COMITIS.
•
"The church. Here Harold took to the sea and came with full sail to the territory of Count Guy.“
• Harold and his men prepare for a sea voyage with a final prayer and meal. Then they board their ships, taking dogs and falcons with them.
LEFT TEXT COMPLETED IN PREVIOUS SEGMENT, RIGHT TEXT COMMENCES IN THE NEXT SEGMENT.
• Their landing on the coast of France is met by the hostile Guy of Ponthieu.
HAROLD. HIC APPREHENDIT WIDO HAROLDUM ET DUXIT EUM AD BELREM ET IBI EUM TENUIT.
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"Harold. Here Guy seized Harold and led him to Beaurain and retained him there.“
• Harold is taken prisoner.
UBI HAROLD ET WIDO PARABOLANT. UBI NUNTII WILLEMNI DUCIS AD WIDONEM. TUROLD NUNTII WILLELMI
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"Where Harold and Guy converse. Where Duke William's messengers came to Guy. Turold William's messengers. “
• While Harold talks with Guy, William of Normandy prepares a rescue mission.
LEFT SIDE LATIN TEXT ON PREVIOUS SEGMENT.
•
"Right hand side translation in the next segment.“
• William's men hurry to Beaurain.
HIC VENIT NUNTIAS AD WILGELMUM DUCEM. HIC WIDO ADDUXIT HAROLDUM AD WILGELUM NORMANNORUM DUCUM.
•
"Here the messengers came to Duke William. Here guy took Harold to William, Duke of Normandy."
• Guy surrenders his prisoner to William.
HIC DUX WILGELM CUM HAROLDO VENIT AD PALATIUM SUUM. UBI UNUS CLERICUS ET AELFGYVA.
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"Here Duke William comes to his palace with Harold. Where a certain clerk and Aelfgyva."
• Harold and William return to Normandy, where William's daughter Aelfgifu is betrothed to Harold.
HIC WILLELM DUX ET EXERCITUS EJUS VENERUNT AD MONTEM MICHAELIS.
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"Here Duke William and his army came to Mont St Michel.“
• Harold and William celebrate their new relationship by fighting together against Conan of Brittany, but disaster nearly strikes at Mont. St. Michel.
ET HIC TRANSIERUNT FLUMEN COSNOSIS. HIC HAROLD DUX TRAHEBAT EOS DE ARENA. ET VENERUNT AD DOL ET CONAN FUGA VERTIT. REDNES
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"And here they crossed the river Cuesnon. Here Earl Harold pulled them out of the sands. And they came to Dol, and Conan fled. Rennes.“
• The battles continue at Dol and Rennes.
HIC MILITES WILLEMI DUCIS PUGNANT CONTRA DINANTES ET CUNAN CLAVES PORREXIT.
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"Here Duke William's soldiers fight against the inhabitants in Dinan, and Conan handed over the keys.“
• At Dinan, the Duke of Brittany surrenders to William.
HIC WILLELM DEDIT ARMA HAROLDO. HIC WILLELM VENI BAGIAS.UBI HAROLD. SACRAMENTUM FECIT WILLELMO DUCI.
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"Here William gave Harold weapons. Here William came to Bayeux.Where Harold gave his oath to Duke William."
• During the victory celebration William knights Harold, and Harold takes a solemn oath to become the man of William.
HIC HAROLD DUX REVERSUS EST AD ANGLICAM TERRAM.
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"Here Earl Harold returned home to England.“
• Harold returns to England.
ET VENIT AD EDWARDUM REGUM. HIC PORTATUR CORPUS AEDWARDI REGIS AD ECCLESIAM SCI PETRI APOSTILI. HIC EADWARDUS REX IN LECTO ALLOQUITUR FIDELES. ET HIC DEFUNCTUS EST.
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"And came to King Edward. Here King Edward's body is carried to St Peter the Apostle. Here King Edward in bed speaks to his faithful. And here he died.“
• Edward the Confessor dies.
HIC DEDERUNT HAROLDO CORONAM REGIS. HIC RESIDET HOROLD REX ANGLORUM. STIGANT ARCHIEPISCOPUS. ISTI MIRANT STELLAM.
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"Here they gave the royal crown to Harold. Here enthroned is Harold, King of England. Archbishop Stigand. These people marvel at the star.“
• Harold is crowned King of England. Look for Haley's Comet.
HAROLD.HIC NAVIS VENIT IN TERRAM WILLELMI DUKIS. HIC WILLEM DUX IUSSIT NAVES EDIFICARE.
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"Harold.Here an English ship came to Duke William's country. Here duke William ordered the building of ships.“
• Word of Harold's coronation travels to William.
TEXT INCLUDED IN PREVIOUS SEGMENT
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“Translation on previous segment”
HIC TRAHUNT NAVES AD MARE. ISTI PORTANT ARMAS AD NAVES. ET HIC TRAHUNT CARRUM CUM VINO ET ARMIS.
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"Here they pull the ships to the sea. These men carry weapons down to the ships. And here they pull a cart loaded with weapons.“
• The ships take on their supplies.
HIC WILLEM DUX IN MAGNO NAVIGIO MARE ......
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"Here William crosses in a large ship over the sea ......“
• The horses board, and the ships set sail.
TRANSIVIT ET VENIT AD PEVENSEAE.
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and came to Pevensey.“
• The fleet sails under the protection of the pope (look for his banner) and lands at Pevensey.
HIC EXEUNT DE NAVIBUS . ET HICMILITES FESTINAVERUNT HESTINGHAM UTCIBUM RAPERENTUR.
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"Here the horses go ashore. And here the soldiers hurried to Hastings to requisition food.“
• The Normans disembark and ride to Hastings.
HIC EST WADARD. HIC COQUITOR CARO. ET HIC MINISTRAVERUNT MINISTRI.
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"Here is Wadard. Here meat is cooked. And here the servants serve the food.“
• The cooks prepare food.
HIC FECERUNT PRANDIUM. HIC EPISCOPUS CIBUM ET POTUM BENEDICIT. ODO EPISCOPUS. WILLELM. ROTBERT. ISTE IUSSIT UT FODERETUR CASTELLUM.....
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"Here they dined. And here the Bishop blesses the food and wine. Bishop Odo. William. Robert. He ordered defences dug.....“
• William and his lords celebrate at a banquet.
AT HESTENGAMCEASTRA. HIC NUNTIATUM EST WILLELMO DE HARALDO. HIC DOMUS INCEDITUR. HIC MILITES.....
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"at Hastings. Here William received news of Harold. Here the house is set on fire. Here the soldiers left Hastings, and went to do battle with King Harold.“
• The Normans build their camp and prepare for battle.
EXIERUNT DE HESTENGA AT VENERUNT AD PRELIUM CONTRA HAROLDUM REGEM
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"left Hastings, and went to do battle with King Harold.“
• The Norman army assembles.
HIC WILLELM DUX INTERROGAT VITAL SI VIDISSET EXERCITUM HAROLDI.
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"Here Duke William asks Vital whether he has seen Harold's army.“
• The Normans ride out to meet the Anglo Saxons.
OSTE NUNTIAT HAROLDUM REGEM DE EXERCITU WILLELMI DUCIS. (CONTINUES NEXT SEGMENT)
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"This man informs King Harold about Duke William's army.
• Harold is warned of the advance, and William gives a pep talk to his men.
(CONTINUES ON NEXT SEGMENT)
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"(continues on the next segment)“
• The Normans attack on horseback.
HIC WILLELM DUX ALLOQUITUR SUIS MILITIBUS UT PREPARARENT SE VIRILITER ET SAPIENTER AD PRELIUM CONTRA ANGLORUM EXERCITUM
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"Here Duke William exhorts his soldiers to prepare themselves like men and wisely for the battle against the English army.“
• The Anglo-Saxons meet their attack on foot.
HIC CECIDERUNT LWEINE ET GYRD
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"Here fell Leofwine and Gyrth,“
• Harold's brothers are killed in the battle.
FRATRES HAROLDI REGIS. HIC CECIDERUNT SIMUL ANGLI ET FRANCI IN PRELIO.
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"brothers of King Harold.Here fell the English and the French simultaneously in the battle.“
• The battle rages.
HIC ODO EPISCOPUS BACULUM TENENS CONFORTAT PUEROS. HIC EST WILLELM DUX.
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"Here Bishop Odo with a staff in his hand encourages his Squires. Here is Duke William.“
• The Anglo-Saxons defend the top of a hill, and William must prove to his men that he is still in charge.
EUSTASIUS. HIC FRANCI PUGNANT.
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"Eustace. Here the French do battle.“
• Newly encouraged, the Normans attack viciously.
ET CECIDERUNT QUI ERANT CUM HAROLDO. HIC HAROLD REX INTERFECTUS EST.
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"And those who were with Harold fell. Here King Harold was killed.“
• Harold is struck in the eye by an arrow and dies.
ET FUGA VERTERUNT ANGLI.
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"And the English fled.“
• The Normans are victorious.