Transcript Boiler- & WH labelling and European directive EuP

Ecodesign of EuP: Lot 2
Heatersand European directive EuP
Boiler-Water
& WH labelling
Consultation Forum
Brussels, 8 July 2008
Matthew Kestner
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Directorate-general for Energy and Transport
Unit D3, Energy Efficiency
1
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Content
1. Introduction
2. Water Heaters
2.1
Ecodesign and EPBD Minimum Efficiency Limits
2.2
Labelling scale
2.3
EPBD – Partial Harmonization
2.4
Size Limits
2.5
EPBD other elements
2.6
Conformity assessment
2.7
Verification Procedure
2.8
Annex IV – Climate variation
2.9
Emissions/ Nox
2.10 Other Definitions/Scope/ Benchmarks
2.11 Other Water Heaters
2
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Index
Part 1.
Introduction
3
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
EU-15 Greenhouse gas [CO2] emissions
Carbon [CO2 eq] emissions EU15 in 2005
CH boilers
10%
Road transport
17%
6%
Water heating
24%
26%
Industrial
other fossil fuel use
incl. refineries
4
17%
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
Other electric EuP
incl. power generation losses
[Total 3357 Mt CO2 eq, ]
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Energy
Road transport, inner circle: cars ca. 60%
Outside EuP-directive scope
In EuP-scope
CH Boilers (space heating function only)
Water Heaters (incl. boiler water heating)
Other EuP (dotted= scope future studies)
Impact corresponds
to circle surface [PJ]
5
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
EU legislation lags behind (Water Heater)
Minimum energy efficiency standards for water heaters:
= YES
= NO
6
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
CO2 eq. emissions Water Heaters
Business as Usual (BAU)
227
194
245
29%
223
10%
174
Realistic scenario
1990
2010
2020
2025
EU25-emission water heaters in Mt CO2/a
7
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Urgency: 2020 !
EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990
-20%
carbon
-20%
energy
2020
target year
EuP boilers and water heaters  >25% of the target
EuP + EPB* space & water heat 40-50% of the target
8
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Targets
Proposed measures are:
• A good investment – cost effective savings
2020 Savings
• 60 MT CO² by 2020
• 1-2% of EU Energy Demand
• Essential to overall 2020 targets
9
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Pan-European Synergy Opportunities
• Physics is universal  Best Practice For All
• EU-Single Market  Mass-production and massapplication of high efficiency solutions
• EU climate differences don’t stand in the way:
10
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
3
-0,5
EU climate
1,9
3
0,3
3
Heating season temperature &
Solar annual
EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr).
7,6
EE
0,9 3
3
LT
3,9
3
LI
7,6
0,5 3
3
6,5
3
4,3 3
3
6,7
2,4
3
3
7,4 3
5,6
3
3,6
3
4,5
3
4,6
3
6,9
4,6
5,6
9,9
3
3
3
5
3,8
13,5
5,3
4
3
5
11,3
4
12,9
3
11
13,5
Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d
EUROPEAN
COMMISSION,
Avg. outdoor
temperature
Oct.-Apr. oDG
C TREN, UNIT D3
4
14,8 8. 57. 2008
ECODESIGN
OF5 EUP, OF
Lot EUP,
1 & 2,
Lot
BRUSSELS,
2, BRUSSELS,
29.2.2008
14,4ECODESIGN
Case for Harmonization
• Product may come in several boxes, (Water Heater, solar
panels etc.). But each box is a mass produced product.
• Usual advantages of single market and harmonization
apply.
• National implementation will lead to 30+ varying
requirements, and limited response from manufacturers.
12
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Choice of implementation methods
1. Labelling and Information
2. Ecodesign – Minimum Efficiency Standards
3. Installation Requirements (EPBD)
4. Subsidies, Tax rebates etc.
13
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Urgency: 2020 !
EU target 20/20/20 vs. 1990
-20%
carbon
-20%
energy
2020
target year
EuP boilers and water heaters  >25% of the target
EuP + EPB* space & water heat 40-50% of the target
14
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Index
Part 2.
Water Heaters
15
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.1 Eco Design Requirements Water Heaters
Rating on basis of how
• Energy efficiency of supplying relevant volume
of hot water (tapping pattern) in an average
EU building
• Model to correct difference between
measurement methods, and to allow for
(some) distribution losses.
16
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Load profiles water heating
55ºC
55ºC
(oC)
Kitchen tappings
Shower
Bath
Bath+shower (simult.)
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
55ºC
40ºC
Qload in kWh/a
55ºC
35ºC
8x’M’
16x’M’
461
461
465
1285
2562
4187
5355
10277
20555
XXS
XS
S
M
L
XL
XXL
3XL
4XL
max.flow (l/min, 60ºC)
2
4
5
6
10
10
16
48
96
max.single tap (l)
2
6
10
27
69
84
119
239
477
Derived from prEN 50440 “electric storage” and EN 13203-2/3 “gas/solar
18
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.2 Water Heater Energy Label Classes
XXS
XS
S
M
L
XL
XXL
3XL
4XL
A+++
53
61
72
80
98
A++
44
53
55
66
82
92 104
A+
35
38
38
54
68
76
84
96
96
A
32
35
35
45
56
62
72
80
86
2015 EPBD ------- (New Build)
B
29
32
32
39
46
50
60
64
64
2013 limit -------EPBD (New Build
C
26
29
29
36
37
40
40
40
40
2011 Limit
D
23
26
26
33
34
34
36
36
36
E
20
23
23
30
30
30
32
32
32
F
17
20
20
27
27
27
28
28
28
23
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
112 124 140 150
BAT
110 120
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits
Partial Harmonization
Member States
• To ensure appropriate sizing
• Free to set higher installation limits – but should
correspond to labelling limits
24
•
Thus - For any installation building owner should be given
a choice of installing water heaters that correspond to
certain labelling efficiency/size classes.
•
Free to set their own system elements not in water heater
(e.g.insulation of distribution pipes)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.3 Water Heater – National Installation Limits
XXS
XS
S
M
L
XL
XXL
3XL
4XL
A+++
53
61
72
80
98
112
124
140
150 BAT
A++
44
53
55
66
82
92
104
110
120
A+
35
38
38
54
68
76
84
96
96
A
32
35
35
45
56
62
72
80
86
B
29
32
32
39
46
50
60
64
64 2013 limit
C
26
29
29
36
37
40
40
40
40 2011 Limit
D
23
26
26
33
34
34
36
36
36
E
20
23
23
30
30
30
32
32
32
F
17
20
20
27
27
27
28
28
28
House 1
House 2
25
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.4 Water Heater– size Limits
Need for size limits
•
•
Requirements get stricter for larger sizes – incentive to
install ‘supersized M’ when XL is needed (particularly
important. But
Water demand varies over time, meeting standard tapping
cycle will give to little hot water on some days.
Limits imposed by
•
•
•
26
Member States ensuring ‘appropriate sizing’
Limit on size of water heater in terms of volume (XXS- S)
Limit on ability to perform higher tapping cycles (2 size
categories)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.5 Water Heater EPBD– Other possible elements
Member States should
Centralized/Decentralized
•
Should set rules relating to the choice between centralized
and decentralized hot water systems.
Building Certificates/Water heater inspection etc.
•
Should include information on the savings from replacing
existing water heater with one with efficiency at
> Class A
> Minimum level allowed
27
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.6 Water Heater – conformity Assessment
Elements
•
•
•
New Modules recently adopted.
Large potential savings – need for greater security of results
(so Notified bodies, osule A2 etc.)
‘New products’ need for stricter assessment.
Possible requirement: Sizes
•
•
•
•
XXS-XS
Module A
S–L A2 or Notified body(B+C)
XL -4XL
Notified body(B+C)
Not using ‘harmonized standard’ – Notified body
Impact assessment Study to look into details
28
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Verification procedure
As previously discussed
•Limits under Ecodesign Requirements or Energy Labelling
threshold- Maximum values.
•Other information (for example the data input defined in Annex
IV) margin for production variation of (say) ± [7%].
To be replaced by ‘harmonized methods’ – when developed
29
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Test protocol
•Test 1 model, if test result exceeds limit, then
•Test 3 further models
There shall be no need to re-test the value of all parameters in the second set of tests, only
those that exceed maximum value for the first unit.
30
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Proof of Failure
Ecodesign requirements and Energy Labelling Thresholds
•
Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second
set of tests, exceed the limit by
> Water Heater 4%
> NOx emissions 4%
OR
•
An analysis based on the test error of the relevant test house for the test(s) in
question that shows that the probability a correctly declared model, could
have had the test results, or worse, is very low.
31
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.7 Water Heater Verification Procedure
Proof of Failure
Declared values
•
32
Test values for the first unit, and average test values for the second
set of tests, differ from declared value by more than [7%]
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.7 Water Heater Verification Comments
4% to low for
• Small tapping cycles
• Nox (at 20 ppm)
• New standards
33
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV
See separate presentation
34
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Adjustment for climate differences implies barriers to trade
•
same product has different rating depending on where installed.
Danger of 'Best' driving out the ‘Good’ if
•
•
35
optimizing for small climate differences(e.g. of 5%) takes
precedence over
designing better products (Energy rating bandwidth 15%)
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Annex IV base on average EU climate
•
For constant hot Water Load for most products climate
variations make only small differences.
(NB household with same water demand will need bigger water heater in
Finland (cold water 5°C) than in Italy (cold water 15°C)
36
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Possible products with 'large' variation:
•
•
outside air based heat pumps, in 'Artic' areas temperatures often
below 0-5°C, and
Solar systems, which will work better in 'Tropical' areas where solar
flux is significantly higher (5 kWh/day m² rather than 3 kWh/day m²).
High quality solar systems (e.g. with vacuum insulated collectors) will
already work well in areas with the lower level of solar flux.
37
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
3
-0,5
EU climate
1,9
3
0,3
3
Heating season temperature &
Solar annual
EU climate (weighted average Oct.-Apr).
7,6
EE
0,9 3
3
LT
3,9
3
LI
7,6
0,5 3
3
6,5
3
4,3 3
3
6,7
2,4
3
3
7,4 3
5,6
3
3,6
3
4,5
3
4,6
3
6,9
4,6
5,6
9,9
3
3
3
5
3,8
13,5
5,3
4
3
5
11,3
4
12,9
3
38
13,5
Avg. hor. solar irradiance kWh/m2/d
EUROPEAN
COMMISSION,
Avg. outdoor
temperature
Oct.-Apr. oDG
C TREN, UNIT D3
4
14,8 8. 57. 2008
ECODESIGN
OF5 EUP, OF
Lot EUP,
1 & 2,
Lot
BRUSSELS,
2, BRUSSELS,
29.2.2008
14,4ECODESIGN
2.8 Water Heater - Annex IV – Climate variation
Possible strategy
Difference between ‘Standard’ and ‘Artic’ and/or ‘Tropical’ rating
< 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - Use ‘Standard’ rating
> 15%/Labelling Bandwidth - then
'Artic' and or 'Tropical' rating may be used
(in Ecodesign,energy Labelling, EPBD Installation requirements)
39
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater Climate variation - comments
•
•
40
EHI .No climate zones in Ecodesing, acceptabel if needed in
NGOs should allow for climate differences
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.8 Water Heater Heat Pump
•
•
41
EHI .GWP condition on heat pumps should be dropped
NGOs Should have more complete treatment of GWP of Heat
Pump fluid.
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.9 Water Heater - Emissions
Significant Emissions in use phase of
i)NOx
ii) CO
iii) Hydrocarbons
iv) Particulates
But
•measurement methods unrealistic (steady state)
•need to develop dynamic measurement methods.
apart from NOx – see separate slides
42
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.9 Water Heater - Emissions
NGOs should include Methane But measurement problems
43
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.10 Water Heater - Scope
As before
•All Electric, Gas, Oil Water Heaters (inc Solar Heat Pump)
•(Combis, Hot Water Cylinders – willl be dealt with in further Working documents.)
Not (yet) covered in annex IV
Micro CHP, CO² heat pump, etc.
These ‘new’ products to be included when
• Harmonized standard adopted, or
• Amendment to annex IV
Then transition period (12 months)
44
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.10 Water Heater - Scope
NGOs should WH using waste water
OK when measurement methods developed.
45
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
2.10 Water Heater - Benchmarks
As before
Energy efficiency
•XXS-S A++
•S-4XL A+++
NOx Emissions
•less than 20ppm
NGOs Should add benchmarks for
• GWP (HP fluid refrigerant)
• Methane leakage
46
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008
Index
Thank you !
47
EUROPEAN COMMISSION, DG TREN, UNIT D3
ECODESIGN OF EUP, Lot 2, BRUSSELS, 8. 7. 2008